CKSR50-NP - LEM - Datasheet.Live

Technical Information

CAS / CASR / CKSR series Current Transducers

Insulated Highly Accurate Measurements

from 1.5 to 50 ARMS

ICompensation

VOUT

+5V

GND

Fluxgate

Interface Filter Driver

Diff

Amp

VREF

Int. ref

ICOMP2

ICOMP1

Primary conductor

Magnetic Core

Fluxgate

Compensation

Winding

The Power Electronics market is in constant change and

always on the lookout for new technologies and better

performance driving our progress. To enable applications

with enhanced performance, current measurement must

always been made with the best possible performance

also allowing to the final application to differentiate itself

from all the others.

This is the human nature and allows the progress of

technology.

With the LTS / LTSR current transducers using the Closed

Loop Hall effect technology coupled with a dedicated

ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) specially

designed for these products, we thought we had reached

the optimal performance, but this was without taking the

eternal human nature into account.

The market required even better accuracy over the

temperature ranges maintaining a low price and LEM

decided to achieve this goal.

A few months later, LEM delivers the solution with the

CAS / CASR / CKSR current transducers series covering

nominal current measurements from 1,5 to 50 ARMS.

To respond to these new challenges, the Hall effect

technology was no longer the solution. Even if used

in a Closed Loop configuration and with the use of a

dedicated ASIC as done with the LTS family which allowed

a substantial performance improvement notably for the

accuracy and the size.

Fluxgate technology was selected enabling both possible

targets: the improvement in accuracy and the low price.

Without compromising the advantages of the LTS product

such as size, dynamic performances, high measuring

range, ect.

LEM has already been using multiple Fluxgate technologies

in the past and it was just a question to find the one making

the best comprise between price, size and performances.

In order for the products to be able to work in the typical

industrial applications, the insulation criteria needed to be

respected and a particular attention has then been brought

to the mechanical design of the product.

Although we were able to reduce the size even when

nobody thought it could still be done, the insulation

performances allow usage in standard industrial

applications without particular mounting with a rated

insulation voltage up to 1000 VRMS (Simple isolation

according to EN 50178 standard with following parameters:

OV 3, PD2).

The CAS / CASR / CKSR models have been specially

designed to respond to the technology advances in drives

and inverters in industrial environment requiring better

performances in areas such as:

• Common mode influence

• Thermal drift (offset and gain)

• Accuracy (in the whole temperature range)

• Response time

• Insulation

• Size

CAS / CASR / CKSR series Current Transducers

Insulated Highly Accurate Measurements from 1.5 to 50 ARMS

Future precision.

Future performances.

Now available.

ICompensation

VOUT

+5V

GND

Fluxgate

Interface Filter Driver

Diff

Amp

VREF

Int. ref

ICOMP2

ICOMP1

Primary conductor

Magnetic Core

Fluxgate

Compensation

Winding

CAS / CASR / CKSR Transducers Technology

CAS / CASR / CKSR Transducers Technology:

Closed Loop Fluxgate technology

Closed Loop current transducers measure current over

wide frequency ranges, including DC. They provide

contact-free coupling to the current that needs to be

measured as well as safe galvanic isolation and high

reliability. Their output signal is an accurate, high-resolution

image of the primary current with a very short delay.

In higher frequency ranges these transducers function

exactly the same way as (passive) current transformers,

where a relatively small induced voltage in the secondary

winding is capable to drive the secondary current through

the secondary winding and, most important, through

the burden resistor. A low induced voltage equals low

magnetic flux in the magnetic core, which is the cause

for the good accuracy (low flux means a small difference

between primary and secondary current linkage1, too).

For DC and in low-frequency ranges, the induced voltage

is too low to be able to drive the secondary current, and

the error of simple current transformers will increase with

decreasing frequency. In this domain, the magnetic flux

density in the core is measured by a sensing element and

a voltage is applied to the secondary circuit that in the

end keeps the flux density near zero, effectively creating a

closed control loop.

The only basic difference between the CAS / CASR / CKSR

transducer series and standard Closed Loop transducers

of LEM is that the Hall element used for feedback is

replaced by a Fluxgate detector. The driving force behind

this choice is the need for a “better” feedback, which

basically means more voltage per current linkage, a

quantity that is called “Open Loop sensitivity”. Given

an equal electronic circuit, the zero output of a current

transducer (traditionally called “offset” in analogy to

operational amplifiers) will be less influenced by changes

in the electronics (e.g. offset variations of the amplifiers

used) if the Open Loop sensitivity is higher.

The complexity of a Fluxgate based current transducer

is comparable to the one of a transducer based on a Hall

effect IC (integrated circuit). Like there, some AC signal

processing and synchronous rectifying is applied. In

addition, the Fluxgate detector is needed. Fortunately,

this Fluxgate is a very simple small solenoid with a tiny

soft magnetic strip used as detector core. Because of

the complexity of the signal chain, an IC is used to stay

at a competitive cost level compared to Hall effect current

transducers. A circuit in this IC forms an oscillator together

with the Fluxgate, driving it into saturation each half cycle

at a frequency of several hundred kilohertz. The effect

that is used for the detection of a residual flux in the main

transducer core is the fact that in such a configuration a

change of the duty cycle of the driving voltage will occur

when a magnetic DC flux is present in the fluxgate core.

The signal processing stages in the IC comprise a duty

cycle demodulation, frequency response compensation,

an integrator and a bridge amplifier that provides the

secondary current. This output architecture can provide

a higher (doubled) voltage to the secondary circuit when

compared to a single output stage with the other side of the

circuit connected to a reference potential at typically 2.5 V.

In this configuration, the burden (or measurement) resistor

is floating, so in order to obtain an output signal referenced

to a fixed voltage, a difference amplifier is used which is

also part of the IC.

Fig. 1. Closed Loop Fluxgate Technology used for the CAS / CASR / CKSR current transducers

1 Current linkage is the technical term for current multiplied by turns count

Transducers dimensions

CAS / CASR / CKSR have been designed to provide

current measurements from 6 to 50 ARMS in a very

compact size compared to the existing current

transducers based on different technologies allowing to

reach similar electrical performances.

Moreover, the same compact design is used to cover

the complete current range from 6 to 50 ARMS with 4

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Main Characteristics

Mechanical and dimensions

standard models (6 A, 15 A, 25 A and 50 A models) for

each series CAS, CASR and CKSR.

The CAS / CASR / CKSR design is 30 % smaller in

height than LTS transducer (Closed Loop Hall effect

chip technology using an ASIC): 16.5 mm height versus

24 mm. 7.5 mm won in height !

Where LTS and LTSR were limited

to 25 ARMS, with the respective

LTS 25-NP and LTSR 25-NP

models, as the highest nominal

current, the CAS / CASR / CKSR

models are offered with a model

expected to measure 50 ARMS as

nominal current. There has been

a requirement from the market for

years to have a 100% PCB mounted

50 ARMS current transducer with

single + 5 V power supply in such a

class accuracy.

Fig. 2. CAS / CASR / CKSR: 30 % smaller compared to the LTS / LTSR models

Number

of primary

turns

Primary nominal

current rms

IPN [ A ]

Nominal*

output voltage

VOUT [ V ]

Primary resistance

RP [ mΩ ] ( typ. )

at +25° C Recommended

connections

1 ± 25 2.5 ± 0.625 0.24

2 ± 12 2.5 ± 0.600 1.08

3 ± 8 2.5 ± 0.600 2.16

* Output voltage CASR 25-NP is used with internal reference.

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Main Characteristics

Multifunctional primary circuit

The CAS and CASR construction uses three U-shaped primary terminals integrated into the housing, providing the designer

with a great ﬂexibility to perfectly adapt the measuring range of the current transducer to his application.

Fig. 4a shows the different connection possibilities.

Fig. 4a. Different nominal current ranges possible according to the primary current circuit conﬁguration (as example: CAS or CASR 25-NP)

When all three U-shaped terminals are connected in

parallel (variant 1 Fig. 4b) the user can measure the

maximum nominal primary current.

The variant 2 (Fig.4b) corresponds to a series connection

of the primary terminals and leads to a reduction of the

nominal measuring range by a factor of 3, but offering a

3 times higher accuracy for low currents.

Fig. 4b. The 2 extreme possibilities for connecting the primary

current circuit (as example: CAS or CASR 25-NP)

Variant 1 Variant 2

Expected for:

IPN (IPMAX) = 25 A (85 A max) Expected for:

IPN/ 3 (IPMAX/ 3) = 8.33 A (28.33 A max)

The CAS / CASR models are 100% compatible

with the LTS and LTSR models in regards to

the footprint mounting and also with all the

other models that are available on the market

with the same footprint as the LTS / LTSR.

Fig. 3. CAS and CASR transducers can be mounted at the

exact place of the LTS and LTSR transducers

Model 3D

drawing Nominal

current

range

secondary

pins

Ref IN/OUT*

on a

secondary

primary

pins Creepage

distance Clearance

distance Footprint

drawing

Compatibility

with

LTS and LTSR

footprints

CAS Series

CAS 6-NP 6 3 NO 3 7.7 mm 7.7 mm LTS 6-NP

CAS 15-NP 15 3 NO 3 7.7 mm 7.7 mm LTS 15-NP

CAS 25-NP 25 3 NO 3 7.7 mm 7.7 mm LTS 25-NP

CAS 50-NP 50 3 NO 3 7.7 mm 7.7 mm LTS

CASR Series

CASR 6-NP 6 4 YES 3 7.5 mm 7.5 mm LTSR 6-NP

CASR 15-NP 15 4 YES 3 7.5 mm 7.5 mm LTSR 15-NP

CASR 25-NP 25 4 YES 3 7.5 mm 7.5 mm LTSR 25-NP

CASR 50-NP 50 4 YES 3 7.5 mm 7.5 mm LTSR

CKSR Series

CKSR 6-NP 6 4 YES 4 8.2 mm 8.2 mm /

CKSR 15-NP 15 4 YES 4 8.2 mm 8.2 mm /

CKSR 25-NP 25 4 YES 4 8.2 mm 8.2 mm /

CKSR 50-NP 50 4 YES 4 8.2 mm 8.2 mm /

The CKSR has one more primary pin (4 primary pins in

total) than the CAS and CASR models (3 primary pins in

total) making it incompatible with the footprint of these last

8 models. It is possible to measure not less than 1.5 ARMS

nominal (using a CKSR 6-NP model set up in one of the 4

possible primary pins layout: Layout with 4 turns. Fig. 5) with

the performances mentioned in the CKSR 6-NP data sheet.

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Mechanical differences

CAS / CASR / CKSR Mechanical differences

* The internal reference voltage is provided on a secondary pin or can be forced by an external reference voltage

Using this layout configuration, the current measured by

the transducer is still 6 ARMS (its designed nominal current)

as when connected in series the primary pins have 4 loops

(instead of 1 when connected in parallel) through the aperture

of the transducer.

Then 4 loops, carrying 1.5 A each, results into a total current of

6 A.t (Amps.turn). Finally, the transducer “sees” a 6 A current.

Number

of primary

turns

Primary nominal

current rms

IPN [ A ]

Nominal*

output voltage

VOUT [ V ]

Primary resistance

RP [ mΩ ] ( typ. )

at +25° C Recommended

connections

1 ± 6 2.5 ± 0.625 0.18

2 ± 3 2.5 ± 0.625 0.72

3 ± 2 2.5 ± 0.625 1.8

4 ± 1.5 2.5 ± 0.625 2.88

* Output voltage CKSR 6-NP is used with internal reference.

Fig. 5. Different nominal current ranges possible according to the primary current circuit conﬁguration – CKSR 6-NP model as example

allows nominal current measurement from 1.5 to 6 ARMS

Fig. 6: Differential current measurement (I = I1 – I2), many possibilities

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Mechanical & Insulation features

Higher insulation provided with the CKSR models thanks to their

mechanical design

The CKSR primary pin footprint is different to the CAS and

CASR models.

Thanks to this different primary footprint, higher creepage and

clearance distances are achieved.

This can be of interest when higher insulation is required for

applications under higher working voltages than normal.

Creepage and clearance distances for CKSR models are

8.2 mm (internal distances).

Let’s take an example to see the advance this brings.

Conditions of use:

• Creepage distance: 8.2 mm

• Clearance distance: 8.2 mm

• CTI: 600 V (group I)

• Overvoltage category: III

• Pollution Degree: 2

Basic or Single insulation:

According to EN 50178 and IEC 61010-1standards:

With clearance distance of 8.2 mm and PD2 and OV III, the rated

insulation voltage is of 1000 VRMS.

With a creepage distance of 8.2 mm and PD2 and CTI of 600 V

(group I), this leads to a possible rated insulation voltage of

1600 VRMS.

In conclusion, the possible rated insulation voltage, in these

conditions of use, is 1000 VRMS (the lowest value given by the

both results from the creepage and clearance distances).

Reinforced insulation:

Let’s look at the reinforced insulation for the same creepage and

clearance distances as previously deﬁned:

When looking at dimensioning reinforced insulation, from the

clearance distance point of view, with OV III and according

to EN 50178 and IEC 61010-1 standards, the rated insulation

voltage is given whatever the pollution degree at 450 VRMS

(interpolation) or 300 VRMS (without interpolation).

From the creepage distance point of view, when dimensioning

reinforced insulation, the creepage distance taken into account

has to be the real creepage distance divided by 2, that is to say

8.2 / 2 = 4.1 mm.

With that value, and PD2 and CTI of 600 V (group I), this leads to

a possible rated insulation voltage of 800 VRMS.

In conclusion, the possible reinforced rated insulation voltage, in

these conditions of use, is of 450 VRMS (interpolation) or 300 VRMS

(without interpolation)(the lowest value given by the both results

from the creepage and clearance distances).

Using only the EN 50178 standard as a reference for industrial

applications, the possible reinforced rated insulation voltage in

these conditions of use is of 600 VRMS.

With CASR models, not using the special primary pins footprint,

the clearance and creepage distances are each of 7.5 mm.

In the same conditions of use as for the CKSR example here

before, the result would be the following:

According to EN 50178 and IEC 61010-1 standards:

Basic or Single insulation ➔ Rated insulation voltage: 600 VRMS.

Reinforced insulation ➔ Rated insulation voltage: 404 VRMS

(interpolation) or 300 VRMS (without interpolation).

With CAS models, not using the special primary pins footprint,

the clearance and creepage distances are each of 7.7 mm

(distances are higher compared to the CASR models as there

are only 3 secondary pins versus 4 on the CASR models).

In the same conditions of use as for the CKSR example here

before, the result would be the following:

According to EN 50178 and IEC 61010-1 standards:

Basic or Single insulation ➔ Rated insulation voltage: 600 VRMS.

Reinforced insulation ➔ Rated insulation voltage: 417 VRMS

(interpolation) or 300 VRMS (without interpolation).

(Note: all these calculations are done with creepage and

clearance distances taken on the transducer itself not mounted

on a PCB).

The measurement of differential currents

is also possible with special versions of

CAS, CASR and CKSR (Fig. 6). These

models are possible on request. The

current measured is the difference

of the currents I1 - I2. For insulation

reasons (creepage and clearance

distances), these models are designed

in order to have enough space between

the 2 primary conductors carrying the 2

opposite currents (due to the possible

potential difference between the two

phases).

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Electrical performances

Electrical data

CAS / CASR / CKSR current transducers series have been

designed to work with a single + 5 V power supply to cover

nominal current measurements from 6 to 50 ARMS.

This is a common power supply used in the power electronics

word to make working the various µprocessors, or DSPs or

ADCs (Analog Digital Converters) ect.

The models provide an analogue voltage output referenced

around a reference voltage.

By default, this reference voltage is the internal reference

voltage used inside the transducer: 2.5 V + a certain tolerance

(please see adequate data sheet according to the model).

Then, at the output, these 2.5 V provided at no primary

current can be considered as a virtual “0” V.

The gain is defined in order to get 0.625 V at IPN whatever the

model used (CAS or CASR or CKSR, 6 or 15 or 25 or 50 ARMS

models).

The output voltage range is limited to between 0.375 V for the

negative current range and 4.625 V for the positive current

range centred around 2.5 V when external reference voltage

is not used.

The positive and negative voltage variation spans are each

of 2.125 V and fluctuate around the internal voltage reference

fixed at 2.5 V.

To define the measuring range, just divide the possible max

voltage variation span (positive or negative) by the gain

defined by the concerned model.

In general, the measuring range provided for each model is

more than 3 times the nominal current.

For the 50 A models (CAS 50-NP, CASR 50-NP and CKSR

50-NP), the current measuring range is limited to +/- 150 A

(nevertheless 3 times the nominal current) (due to some

current limitations inside the transducer) meaning only

1.875 V as positive and negative variation spans, resulting

in a minimum output voltage of 0.625 V for –150 A and in a

maximum output voltage of 4.375 V for +150 A.

However, for these 50 A models, the limits for output voltage

rails remain +0.375 V and +4.625 V.

With the CASR and CKSR models, the internal voltage

reference is provided on a separate secondary additional pin

called VREF what is not the case with the CAS models.

This pin is a direct access to the voltage reference used

inside set around 2.5 V.

The Ref pin has two basic functional modes:

The first mode is called “Ref out mode”. In this mode, for a

primary current of 0 A, the output voltage is equal to the

voltage at the Ref pin + an offset depending to the model

used (between the voltage output and the Ref pin).

The voltage provided at the Ref pin (Typically 2.5 V) stays

stable although the primary current changes.

The second mode is called “Ref in mode”. In this mode, you

can apply an external voltage to the Ref pin to overdrive the

internal voltage reference. The minimum external voltage is

0 V and maximum 4 V. However, this mode defines different

measuring ranges according to the level of the external

voltage reference used (0 to 4 V) and according to the model

used (6, 15, 25 or 50 A model).

For more information on these 2 modes, please refer to the

chapter “Application advice”.

With zero primary current, the consumption is max 20 mA.

With more than zero primary current, the transducer

consumes 20 mA max + (the primary current divided by the

number of turns used by the transducer: IP / Ns).

Accuracy

Using a Closed Loop Fluxgate technology allows reaching

accuracy that was impossible with traditional Closed Loop

Hall effect based technology (even with a dedicated ASIC).

Some applications required higher accuracy especially for

lower offset and gain drifts in temperature ranges.

CAS / CASR / CKSR models achieve an accuracy of 0.8 %

of IPN at +25°C regardless of the model and the following

accuracy at +85°C:

CAS: 2.5 to 3 % of IPN

CASR: 1.2 to 1.8 % of IPN

CKSR: 1.2 to 1.8 % of IPN

As you can see, the accuracy of the CAS is less good as the

CASR and CKSR models.

This is explained as follows: The CAS models do not provide

the internal voltage reference outside and then the voltage

output integrating the voltage reference inaccuracy.

What is not the case with the CASR and CKSR models

providing their internal voltage reference outside or being

able to feed their internal voltage reference with an external

voltage reference. When using both these last models (CASR

and CKSR), the output (VOUT) is usually measured referenced

to the voltage available on the voltage reference pin (which

one is used as reference for the whole electronic of the

application).

The voltage reference value available on this pin being well

known and under control (used and usually controlled by

the microcontroller or DSP), the microcontroller can easily

remove the initial offset at +25°C at no primary current.

CASR 6-NP LTSR 6-NP CASR 15-NP LTSR 15-NP CASR 25-NP LTSR 25-NP

Nominal current, IPN A 6 15 25

Measuring range A 20 19.2 51 48 85 80

Response time us < 0.3 0.4 < 0.3 0.4 < 0.3 0.4

Bandwidth (±1 dB) kHz 200 200 200 200 200 200

Output voltage noise, 100 Hz..10 kHz (typ.) mVpp 1.7 10 0.7 4.2 0.4 2.5

Output Voltage Voltage Voltage

Sensitivity mV/A 104.2 41.7 25.0

Sensitivity error (max) % of IPN 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6

Offset drift (25°C .. 85°C) (max) % of IPN 0.72 3.6 0.48 1.5 0.24 0.9

Sensitivity drift (25°C .. 85°C) (max) % of IPN 0.24 0.3 0.24 0.3 0.24 0.3

Linearity (max) % of IPN 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accuracy at +25 °C (max) % of IPN 0.8 0.70 0.8 0.70 0.8 0.70

Accuracy at +85 °C (max) % of IPN 1.8 4.60 1.5 2.54 1.3 1.90

Offset max mV 5.3 25 2.2 25 1.4 25

Operating temperature range °C -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85

Fig. 7. Comparison between CAS and LTS ; CASR and LTSR models – Electrical performances

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Accuracy

CAS 6-NP LTS 6-NP CAS 15-NP LTS 15-NP CAS 25-NP LTS 25-NP

Nominal current, IPN A 6 15 25

Measuring range A 20 19.2 51 48 85 80

Response time us < 0.3 0.4 < 0.3 0.4 < 0.3 0.4

Bandwidth (±1 dB) kHz 200 200 200 200 200 200

Output voltage noise, 100 Hz..10 kHz (typ.) mVpp 2.4 10 1.0 4.2 0.6 2.5

Output Voltage Voltage Voltage

Sensitivity mV/A 104.2 41.7 25.0

Sensitivity error (max) % of IPN 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6

Offset drift (25°C .. 85°C) (max) % of IPN 1.92 4.8 1.68 2.9 1.44 2.4

Sensitivity drift (25°C .. 85°C) (max) % of IPN 0.24 0.3 0.24 0.3 0.24 0.3

Linearity (max) % of IPN 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accuracy at +25 °C (max) % of IPN 0.80 0.70 0.80 0.70 0.80 0.70

Accuracy at +85 °C (max) % of IPN 3.0 5.80 2.7 3.58 2.5 3.40

Offset (max) mV 10.4 25 7.1 25 6.3 25

Operating temperature range °C -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85 -40 .. 85

It is also possible to cancel the offset drift of the reference voltage when working over the deﬁned temperature range by

using the same method.

The use of the Closed Loop Fluxgate technology allowed achieving signiﬁcantly better performances for the following

parameters:

• Initial offset at +25°C

• Offset drift

• Gain drift

as expressed per the following charts (Fig. 7: Comparison between CAS and LTS ; CASR and LTSR models).

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Dynamic performances & Common mode behaviour

CAS / CASR / CKSR transducers max response

times (Response time defined at 90 % of IPN)

against a current step at IPN will have a delay of

Max 0.3 µs (Fig. 8).

As a result of the fast response time,

a large bandwidth has been verified at

300 kHz @ + / - 3 dB (Fig. 9).

Dynamic performances

Fig. 8. CASR 50-NP Response time to a current step of 50 A

Fig. 10a. Typical common mode behaviour

(1200 V of voltage variation applied with dv / dt = 20 kV /µs)

Fig. 10b. CASR 50-NP ; Typical common mode behaviour ; VOUT - VREF ;

(1200 V of voltage variation applied with dV/dt = 20 kV/µs)

Fig. 9. CASR 50-NP - Frequency response

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Standards & Quality & Reliability

Standards

The CAS / CASR / CKSR models have been designed

and tested according to latest recognized worldwide

standards for industrial applications:

The EN 50178 standard dedicated to “Electronic

Equipment for use in power installations” in industrial

applications is our standard of reference for electrical,

environmental and mechanical parameters.

It guarantees the overall performances of our products

in industrial environments.

CAS / CASR / CKSR products are CE marked as

a guarantee of the products compliance to the

European EMC directive 89/336/EEC and low voltage

directive. They also comply with the derived local EMC

regulations (EMC: Electro-Magnetic Compatibility).

Insulation and safety

The EN 50178 and IEC 61010-1 standards (“Safety

requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,

control, and laboratory use”) are used as references to

design the creepage and clearance distances versus

the needed insulation levels (rated insulation voltage)

and the conditions of use (as previously seen page 7).

The rated insulation voltage level for transducers in

“industrial” applications, is defined according to several

criteria listed under the both standards EN 50178

and IEC 61010-1. Some criteria are dependent on

the transducer itself when the others are linked to the

application.

The products comply with UL 508C for UR marking.

Reliability and Quality

Of course, reliability and lifetime are guaranteed

by the quality in design and process. Accelerated

tests have been performed to estimate failure rate

(temperature cycle and/or humidity test and complete

characterization of the product according to standards).

Beside, the CAS / CASR / CKSR models have been

designed to pass the + 85°C + 85 % relative humidity

test during 1000 hours (transducers power supplied

during the test).

The CAS / CASR / CKSR models are manufactured in

one of the LEM production center that is ISO/TS 16949,

ISO 14001, ISO 9001:2000 and IRIS certiﬁed and where

quality tools such as DPT FMEA, Control Plan, Cpk,

R&R, QOS-8D, IPQ, ect are used in addition to the Six

Sigma methodology.

Common mode behaviour

Common mode noises (dv/dt) are often encountered in

applications using fast switching components like IGBTs. It

is not surprising to encounter switching frequencies up to

and even higher than 20 kHz for highly efficient inverters.

The result of a dv/dt between the primary conductor and

the electronic circuit of a current transducer is a capacitive

current perturbating the various electronic components

that are sensitive to that.

Any electrical component with a galvanic isolation

between the primary and the secondary circuit has a

capacitive coupling between the isolated potentials.

This capacitive current results in an additional error on the

transducer output during a short time.

The error caused by these dv/dt has to be as low as

possible in order to avoid any unwanted activation of a

possible protection circuit, which could lead to a shut

down of the application.

This additional noise caused by the dv/dt can be filtered,

but the best way is to have it at the lowest possible value

and during the shortest time avoiding then any additional

filter to be installed.

For example, a voltage change of 10 kV/µs in combination

with a 10 pF coupling capacity generates a parasitic

output current of 100 mA. For the CAS 25-NP for example,

this would represent seven times the nominal current.

Fig. 10a shows the behaviour at a voltage change of

20 kV/µs and an applied voltage of + 600 V (total voltage

variation of 1200 V from –600 V to + 600 V) with a

CASR 50-NP.

Due to CAS – CASR – CKSR low parasitic capacitance,

the effect of dynamic common mode is reduced. We can

notice an interference of about 74 % of IPN during the dv / dt

when measurement VOUT is referenced to 0 V. Note the

very short duration of the disturbance of less than 250 ns,

which can be easily filtered. When VOUT is referenced to

VREF to do the output measurement, then the disturbance

during dv/dt seen on the output is equal to the difference

between the disturbance on VOUT and the disturbance on

VREF (Fig. 10b). In these conditions, we can notice on the

output signal (VOUT - VREF) an interference of about 55 %

of IPN during the dv/dt and 24 % of IPN after the dv/dt, the

signal coming back to its normal state only 350 ns after

the end of the dv/dt.

Ω

The output Vout has a very low output impedance of

typically 2 Ω; it can drive 100 pF directly and shows

50 % overshoot with approximately 1 nF capacitance.

Adding Rf allows much larger capacitive loads. Note

that with Rf of only 20 Ω, the load capacitor should be

either smaller than 1 nF or larger than 33 nF to avoid

overshoot; with Rf of 50 Ω this transient area is avoided.

Empirical evaluation may be necessary to obtain

optimum results.

Example: Filtering the typical 450 kHz frequency of the

detector:

To have an attenuation of 20 dB at 450 kHz, the cutting

frequency of the 1st order ﬁlter is chosen at Fc = 45 kHz.

To avoid transient area, the resistance Rf is chosen at

50 Ω.

The ﬁlter capacitor is then as per Fig. 11.

Load output resistance: RL

The minimum load resistance of Vout is 1 kOhm.

Reference Voltage

If the Ref pin of the transducer is not used it must be

left unconnected.

No special ﬁltering is needed for Ref pin.

The Ref pin has two modes Ref in and Ref out:

• In the Ref out mode, the 2.5 V internal precision

reference is used by the transducer as the reference

point for bipolar measurements; this internal reference

is connected to the Ref pin of the transducer through

a 680 Ω resistor. It tolerates sink or source currents

up to ± 5 mA, but the 680 Ω resistor prevents this

current to exceed these limits.

When the Ref pin is connected to a load, due to the

leakage current and internal resistance (680 Ω),

VREF OUT (internal reference) can change and reduce

the measuring range. To guarantee the measuring

range:

• The leakage current from the Ref pin (source)

must be lower than 350 µA when the load is

connected to a voltage > 2.5 V.

• The leakage current from the Ref pin (sink) must

be lower than 4.4 µA when the load is connected

to a voltage < 2.5 V.

• In the Ref in mode, an external reference voltage is

connected to the Ref pin; this voltage is speciﬁed

in the range 0 to 4 V and is directly used by the

transducer as the reference point for measurements.

The external reference voltage VREF must be able:

• Either to source a typical current of

€

Vref −2.5

680

, the

maximum value will be 2.2 mA typ. when VREF = 4 V.

• Or to sink a typical current of

€

2.5−Vref

680

, the

maximum value will be 3.68 mA typ. when VREF = 0 V.

By using an external reference, it is easier to connect

the transducer to devices such as an ADC.

In most applications, the output of the transducer is

connected to an ADC whose output is processed by

a DSP or a microcontroller.

The internal reference of these DSPs or ADCs can go

down to 1.8 V.

In this application, if you have an internal reference

in the DSP with external access, you can supply the

transducer’s reference in with it.

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Application advice

Filtering Vout

FcRf

Cf ∗∗∗

=π21

345502 1E

Cf ∗∗∗

=π

nFCf 7.70≥

Rf = 50 _

Cf = 82 nF

Fig. 11.

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Application advice

The following graphs show how the measuring range of each transducer version depends on the external reference

voltage value VREF:

Upper limit: IP = -40 x VREF + 185 (VREF = 2.5 .. 4 V) Upper limit: IP = -80 x VREF + 370 (VREF = 2.75 .. 4 V)

Upper limit: IP = 85 (VREF = 0 .. 2.5 V) Upper limit: IP = 150 (VREF = 0 .. 2.75 V)

Lower limit: IP = -40 x VREF + 15 (VREF = 0 .. 2.5 V) Lower limit: IP = -80 x VREF + 30 (VREF = 0 .. 2.25 V)

Lower limit: IP = -85 (VREF = 2.5 .. 4 V) Lower limit: IP = -150 (VREF = 2.25 .. 4V)

Example with VREF = 1.65 V: Example with VREF = 0 V:

• The 6 A version has a measuring range from -12.24 A to +28.5 A • The 6 A version has a measuring range from +3.6 A to +44.4 A

• The 15 A version has a measuring range from -30.6 A to +71.4 A • The 15 A version has a measuring range from +9 A to +80 A

• The 25 A version has a measuring range from -51 A to +85 A • The 25 A version has a measuring range from +15 A to +85 A

• The 50 A version has a measuring range from -102 A to +150 A • The 50 A version has a measuring range from +30 A to +150 A

Upper limit: IP = -9.6 xVREF + 44.4 (VREF = 0 .. 4 V) Upper limit: IP = -24 x VREF + 111 (VREF = 1.29 .. 4 V)

Upper limit: IP = 80 (VREF = 0 .. 1.29 V)

Lower limit: IP = -9.6 x VREF + 3.6 (VREF = 0 .. 4 V) Lower limit: IP = -24 x VREF + 9 (VREF = 0 .. 3.7 V)

Lower limit: IP = -80 (VREF = 3.7 .. 4V)

IP (A)

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Application advice

Number of primary

conductor Connection Temperature Resistance typ.

3 Parallel 25° C 0.24 mΩ

4 Parallel 25° C 0.18 mΩ

3 Parallel 85° C 0.29 mΩ

4 Parallel 85° C 0.22 mΩ

3 Series 25° C 2.16 mΩ

4 Series 25° C 2.88 mΩ

3 Series 85° C 2.64 mΩ

4 Series 85° C 3.52 mΩ

Primary conductor resistance

At 25 °C, one primary conductor has a resistance of 0.72 mΩ typ.

At 85 °C, one primary conductor has a resistance of 0.88 mΩ typ.

CAS / CASR / CKSR Series: Typical applications & conclusion

Typical applications & conclusion

The CAS / CASR / CKSR current transducers have been designed mainly for industrial applications requiring:

• Good accuracy especially in temperature

(low initial offset, low thermal drifts for gain and offset)

• Reduced size: CAS / CASR / CKSR are the smallest on the market

in their category (up to nominal current of 50 ARMS)

• High immunity against high voltage variations

• High ﬂexibility for speciﬁc customer applications

(wide choice of current ranges: 6, 15, 25 and 50 ARMS,

each model is multi range, unique packaging)

• High Creepage and Clearance distances

with the CKSR models for higher insulation

• Measures the same given performance current as small as

1.5 ARMS with the CKSR 6-NP model

• Resistant in rough environmental conditions of use such as

high humidity combined with high temperature

These advantages are suited for high performance drives,

inverters for new energy integrating a good control of the DC

current injection in the grid, servo drives for wafers production

or highly accurate robots and all kinds of low drift applications.

After all, they have been created to achieve great performance

not only today - but as far into the future as you can imagine.

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Parameter Symbol Unit Value

Supply voltage VCV 7

Primary conductor temperature °C 110

ESD rating, Human Body Model (HBM) kV 4

Absolute maximum ratings

Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods

may degrade reliability.

Parameter Unit CAS

Value CASR

Value CKSR

Value Comment

RMS voltage for AC isolation test 50/60Hz/1 min VdkV 4.2 4.1 4.3

Impulse withstand voltage 1.2/50 µs ^

VwkV 7.6 7.5 8

Partial discharge extinction voltage @ 10 pC (rms) VeV 1000 1000 1000

Clearance distance (pri. - sec.) dCI mm 7.7 7.5 8.2 Shortest distance through air

Creepage distance (pri. - sec.) dCp mm 7.7 7.5 8.2 Shortest path

along device body (CAS-CASR)

Shortest internal path

along device body (CKSR)

Creepage distance (pri. .- sec.) - mm 6.3 6.2 - When mounted on PCB with

recommended layout (CAS-CASR)

Case material - - V0

according

to UL 94

according

to UL 94

according

to UL 94

Comparative tracking index CTI V 600 600 600

Application example - - 300 V

CAT III PD2 300 V

CAT III PD2 Reinforced isolation, non uniform field

according to

EN 50178, EN 61010, IEC 60364-4-43

Application example - - 600 V

CAT III PD2 600 V

CAT III PD2 1000 V

CAT III PD2

Simple isolation, non uniform field

according to EN 50178,

EN 61010,

IEC 60364-4-43

Isolation characteristics

Parameter Symbol Unit Min Typ Max Comment

Ambient operating temperature TA°C -40 85

Ambient storage temperature TS°C -50 105

Mass m g 9

Standards EN 50178, IEC 60950-1, IEC 61010-1, IEC 61326-1, UL 508C

Environmental and mechanical characteristics

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Parameter Symbol Unit Min Typ Max Comment

Primary nominal current rms IPN A 6

Primary current, measuring range IPM A -20 20

Number of primary turns NP- 1,2,3 for CAS / CASR

- 1,2,3,4 for CKSR

Supply voltage VCV 4.75 5 5.25

Current consumption ICmA 15 + IP (mA)

NS20 + IP (mA)

NSNS = 1731 turns

Reference voltage @ IP = 0 A VREF V 2.495 2.5 2.505 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

External reference voltage VREF V 0 4 for CASR / CKSR

Output voltage VOUT V 0.375 4.625

Output voltage @ IP = 0 A VOUT V2.5 for CAS

VREF for CASR / CKSR

Electrical offset voltage VOE mV -10.4 10.4 100% tested

VOUT - 2.5 V for CAS

VOUT - VREF

for CASR / CKSR

-5.3 5.3

Electrical offset current

referred to primary IOE

A -0.1 0.1 100% tested for CAS

mA -51 51 100% tested

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VREF TCVREF ppm/K ±5 ±50 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VOUT @ IP = 0 A TCVOUT ppm/K ±10 ±80 ppm/K of 2.5 V

- 40°C .. 85°C for CAS

±6 ±30 ppm/K of 2.5 V

- 40°C .. 85°C for CASR / CKSR

Theoretical sensitivity Gth mV/A 104.2 625 mV/ IPN

Sensitivity error εG% -0.7 0.7 100% tested

Temperature coefﬁcient of G TCG ppm/K ±40 - 40°C .. 85°C

Linearity error εL% of IPN -0.1 0.1

Magnetic offset current (10 x IPN)

referred to primary IOM A -0.1 0.1

Output current noise (spectral density) rms 100 Hz .. 100 kHz

referred to primary ino µA/Hz½36 RL = 1 kΩ for CAS

20 RL = 1 kΩ for CASR / CKSR

Peak-peak output ripple at oscillator frequency

f = 450 kHz (typ.) - mV 40 160 RL = 1 kΩ

Reaction time @ 10 % of IPN tra µs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 18 A/µs

Response time @ 90 % of IPN trµs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 18 A/µs

Frequency bandwidth (± 1 dB) BW kHz 200 RL = 1 kΩ

Frequency bandwidth (± 3 dB) BW kHz 300 RL = 1 kΩ

Overall accuracy XG% of IPN 2.5 for CAS

1.7 for CASR / CKSR

Overall accuracy @ TA = 85°C XG% of IPN 4.6 for CAS

2.6 for CASR / CKSR

Accuracy X % of IPN 0.8

Accuracy @ TA = 85°C X % of IPN 3.0 for CAS

1.8 for CASR / CKSR

Electrical data CAS / CASR / CKSR 6-NP

At TA = 25°C, VC = + 5 V, NP = 1 turn, RL = 10 kΩ, (internal reference for CASR & CKSR models) unless otherwise noted.

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Parameter Symbol Unit Min Typ Max Comment

Primary nominal current rms IPN A 15

Primary current, measuring range IPM A -51 51

Number of primary turns NP- 1,2,3 for CAS / CASR

- 1,2,3,4 for CKSR

Supply voltage VCV 4.75 5 5.25

Current consumption ICmA 15 + IP (mA)

NS20 + IP (mA)

NSNS = 1731 turns

Reference voltage @ IP = 0 A VREF V 2.495 2.5 2.505 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

External reference voltage VREF V 0 4 for CASR / CKSR

Output voltage VOUT V 0.375 4.625

Output voltage @ IP = 0 A VOUT V2.5 for CAS

VREF for CASR / CKSR

Electrical offset voltage VOE mV -7.1 7.1 100% tested

VOUT - 2.5 V for CAS

-2.21 2.21 VOUT - VREF

for CASR / CKSR

Electrical offset current

referred to primary IOE

A -0.17 0.17 100% tested for CAS

mA -53 53 100% tested

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VREF TCVREF ppm/K ±5 ±50 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VOUT @ IP = 0 A TCVOUT ppm/K ±7.5 ±70 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CAS

±2.3 ±20 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CASR / CKSR

Theoretical sensitivity Gth mV/A 41.67 625 mV/ IPN

Sensitivity error εG% -0.7 0.7 100% tested

Temperature coefﬁcient of G TCG ppm/K ±40 - 40°C .. 85°C

Linearity error εL% of IPN -0.1 0.1

Magnetic offset current (10 x IPN)

referred to primary IOM A -0.1 0.1

Output current noise (spectral density) rms

100 Hz .. 100 kHz referred to primary ino µA/Hz½90 RL = 1 kΩ for CAS

20 RL = 1 kΩ for CASR / CKSR

Peak-peak output ripple at oscillator frequency

f = 450 kHz (typ.) - mV 15 60 RL = 1 kΩ

Reaction time @ 10 % of IPN tra µs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 44 A/µs

Response time @ 90 % of IPN trµs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 44 A/µs

Frequency bandwidth (± 1 dB) BW kHz 200 RL = 1 kΩ

Frequency bandwidth (± 3 dB) BW kHz 300 RL = 1 kΩ

Overall accuracy XG% of IPN 1.9 for CAS

1.2 for CASR / CKSR

Overall accuracy @ TA = 85°C XG% of IPN 3.9 for CAS

1.9 for CASR / CKSR

Accuracy X % of IPN 0.8

Accuracy @ TA = 85°C X % of IPN 2.7 for CAS

1.5 for CASR / CKSR

Electrical data CAS / CASR / CKSR 15-NP

At TA = 25°C, VC = + 5 V, NP = 1 turn, RL = 10 kΩ, (internal reference for CASR & CKSR models) unless otherwise noted.

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Parameter Symbol Unit Min Typ Max Comment

Primary nominal current rms IPN A 25

Primary current, measuring range IPM A -85 85

Number of primary turns NP- 1,2,3 for CAS / CASR

- 1,2,3,4 for CKSR

Supply voltage VCV 4.75 5 5.25

Current consumption ICmA 15 + IP (mA)

NS20 + IP (mA)

NSNS = 1731 turns

Reference voltage @ IP = 0 A VREF V 2.495 2.5 2.505 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

External reference voltage VREF V 0 4 for CASR / CKSR

Output voltage VOUT V 0.375 4.625

Output voltage @ IP = 0 A VOUT V2.5 for CAS

VREF for CASR / CKSR

Electrical offset voltage VOE mV -6.25 6.25 100% tested

VOUT - 2.5 V for CAS

VOUT - VREF

for CASR / CKSR

-1.35 1.35

Electrical offset current

referred to primary IOE

A -0.25 0.25 100% tested for CAS

mA -54 54 100% tested

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VREF TCVREF ppm/K ±5 ±50 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VOUT @ IP = 0 A TCVOUT ppm/K ±6.5 ±60 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CAS

±1.4 ±10 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CASR / CKSR

Theoretical sensitivity Gth mV/A 25 625 mV/ IPN

Sensitivity error εG% -0.7 0.7 100% tested

Temperature coefﬁcient of G TCG ppm/K ±40 - 40°C .. 85°C

Linearity error εL% of IPN -0.1 0.1

Magnetic offset current (10 x IPN)

referred to primary IOM A -0.1 0.1

Output current noise (spectral density) rms

100 Hz .. 100 kHz referred to primary ino µA/Hz½150 RL = 1 kΩ for CAS

20 RL = 1 kΩ for CASR / CKSR

Peak-peak output ripple at oscillator frequency

f = 450 kHz (typ.) - mV 10 40 RL = 1 kΩ

Reaction time @ 10 % of IPN tra µs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 68 A/µs

Response time @ 90 % of IPN trµs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 68 A/µs

Frequency bandwidth (± 1 dB) BW kHz 200 RL = 1 kΩ

Frequency bandwidth (± 3 dB) BW kHz 300 RL = 1 kΩ

Overall accuracy XG% of IPN 1.8 for CAS

1for CASR / CKSR

Overall accuracy @ TA = 85°C XG% of IPN 3.5 for CAS

1.5 for CASR / CKSR

Accuracy X % of IPN 0.8

Accuracy @ TA = 85°C X % of IPN 2.5 for CAS

1.3 for CASR / CKSR

Electrical data CAS / CASR / CKSR 25-NP

At TA = 25°C, VC = + 5 V, NP = 1 turn, RL = 10 kΩ, (internal reference for CASR & CKSR models) unless otherwise noted.

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Parameter Symbol Unit Min Typ Max Comment

Primary nominal current rms IPN A 50

Primary current, measuring range IPM A -150 150

Number of primary turns NP- 1,2,3 for CAS / CASR

- 1,2,3,4 for CKSR

Supply voltage VCV 4.75 5 5.25

Current consumption ICmA 15 + IP (mA)

NS20 + IP (mA)

NSNS = 966 turns

Reference voltage @ IP = 0 A VREF V 2.495 2.5 2.505 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

External reference voltage VREF V 0 4 for CASR / CKSR

Output voltage VOUT V 0.375 4.625

Output voltage @ IP = 0 A VOUT V2.5 for CAS

VREF for CASR / CKSR

Electrical offset voltage VOE mV -5.8 5.8 100% tested

VOUT - 2.5 V for CAS

VOUT - VREF

for CASR / CKSR

-0.725 0.725

Electrical offset current

referred to primary IOE

A -0.46 0.46 100% tested for CAS

mA -58 58 100% tested

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VREF TCVREF ppm/K ±5 ±50 Internal reference

for CASR / CKSR

Temperature coefﬁcient of VOUT @ IP = 0 A TCVOUT ppm/K ±6 ±60 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CAS

±0.7 ±7 ppm/K of 2.5 V - 40°C .. 85°C

for CASR / CKSR

Theoretical sensitivity Gth mV/A 12.5 625 mV/ IPN

Sensitivity error εG% -0.7 0.7 100% tested

Temperature coefﬁcient of G TCG ppm/K ±40 - 40°C .. 85°C

Linearity error εL% of IPN -0.1 0.1

Magnetic offset current (10 x IPN)

referred to primary IOM A -0.1 0.1

Output current noise (spectral density) rms

100 Hz .. 100 kHz referred to primary ino µA/Hz½300 RL = 1 kΩ for CAS

20 RL = 1 kΩ for CASR / CKSR

Peak-peak output ripple at oscillator frequency

f = 450 kHz (typ.) - mV 5 20 RL = 1 kΩ

Reaction time @ 10 % of IPN tra µs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 100 A/µs

Response time @ 90 % of IPN trµs 0.3 RL = 1 kΩ

di/dt = 100 A/µs

Frequency bandwidth (± 1 dB) BW kHz 200 RL = 1 kΩ

Frequency bandwidth (± 3 dB) BW kHz 300 RL = 1 kΩ

Overall accuracy XG% of IPN 1.7 for CAS

0.9 for CASR / CKSR

Overall accuracy @ TA = 85°C XG% of IPN 3.4 for CAS

1.3 for CASR / CKSR

Accuracy X % of IPN 0.8

Accuracy @ TA = 85°C X % of IPN 2.5 for CAS

1.2 for CASR / CKSR

Electrical data CAS / CASR / CKSR 50-NP

At TA = 25°C, VC = + 5 V, NP = 1 turn, RL = 10 kΩ, (internal reference for CASR & CKSR models) unless otherwise noted.

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

PCB footprint:

* = Pad design according

to IPC 2222, IPC 2221

Assembly on PCB

Recommended PCB hole diameter 1.3 mm for primary pin

0.8 mm for secondary pin

Maximum PCB thickness 2.4 mm

Wave soldering profile maximum 260°C for 10 s

No clean process only.

Safety

This transducer must be used in electric/electronic equipment

with respect to applicable standards and safety requirements in

accordance with the manufacturer’s operating instructions

Caution, risk of electrical shock

When operating the transducer, certain parts of the module can

carry hazardous voltage (eg. primary busbar, power supply).

Ignoring this warning can lead to injury and/or cause serious damage.

This transducer is a built-in device, whose conducting parts must

be inaccessible after installation.

A protective housing or additional shield could be used.

Main supply must be able to be disconnected.

PCB footprints

Dimensions in mm. 1 mm = 0.0394 inches

PCB footprint:

* = Pad design according

to IPC 2222, IPC 2221

PCB footprint:

* = Pad design according

to IPC 2222, IPC 2221

CAS Series CASR Series CKSR Series

Data sheet CAS / CASR / CKSR series

Connection

Side view

CKSR Series

Bottom view

Front view

Dimensions (in mm. General linear tolerance ± 0.25 mm)

Connection

Side view

CASR Series

Bottom view

Front view

Connection

Side view

CAS Series

Bottom view

Front view

LEM’s Warranty

2323

5 Year Warranty

on LEM Transducers

We design and manufacture high quality and highly reliable

products for our customers all over the world.

We have delivered several million current and voltage transducers since 1972 and

most of them are still being used today for traction vehicles, industrial motor drives,

UPS systems and many other applications requiring high quality standards.

The LEM 5-year warranty applies to all LEM transducers

and is valid in addition to the legal warranty.

The warranty granted on LEM transducers is for a period of 5

years (60 months) from the date of their delivery.

During this period LEM shall replace or repair all defective parts at its’ cost

(provided the defect is due to defective material or workmanship).

Additional claims as well as claims for the compensation of damages, which do

not occur on the delivered material itself, are not covered by this warranty.

All defects must be notified to LEM immediately and faulty material must

be returned to the factory along with a description of the defect.

Warranty repairs and or replacements are carried out at LEM’s discretion.

The customer bears the transport costs. An extension of the warranty period

following repairs undertaken under warranty cannot be granted.

The warranty becomes invalid if the buyer has modified or repaired, or has had

repaired by a third party the material without LEM’s written consent.

The warranty does not cover any damage caused by incorrect

conditions of use and cases of force majeure.

No responsibility will apply except legal requirements regarding product liability.

The warranty explicitly excludes all claims exceeding the above conditions.

LEM, April 1. 2008

Paul Van Iseghem

President & CEO LEM

Distributor

Africa • America

Asia • Paciﬁc Europe • Middle East

Publication CH 29100 E/US (02.09 • 6.5 / 3.5 • CDH)

LEM International SA

8, Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates

Tel. +41/22/7 06 11 11, Fax +41/22/7 94 94 78

e-mail: Isa@lem.com; www.lem.com

LEM International Sales Representatives

Austria

LEM Components

Am Concorde Park 2/F

A-2320 Schwechat

Tel. +43 1 903 60 10 40

Fax +43 1 903 60 10 42

e-mail: jsc@lem.com

Belarus and Baltic Republics

DACPOL Sp. z. o. o

Ul. Pulawska 34

PL-05-500 Piaseczno

Tel. +48 22 70335100

Fax +48 22 7035101

e-mail: dacpol@dacpol.com.pl

BeNeLux

LEM Belgium sprl-bvba

Route de Petit-Roeulx, 95

B-7090 Braine-le-Comte

Tel. : +32 67 55 01 14

Fax : +32 67 55 01 15

e-mail : lbe@lem.com

Bosnia, Croatia, Herzegovina,

Serbia and Slovenia

Proteus Electric S.r.l.

Via di Noghere 94/1

I-34147 Muggia-Aquilinia

Tel. +39 040 23 21 88

Fax +39 040 23 24 40

e-mail: dino.fabiani@

proteuselectric.it

Czech Republic, Slovakia

PE & ED Spol. S.R.O.

Koblovska 101/23

CZ-71100 Ostrava/Koblov

Tel. +420 59 6239256

Fax +420 59 6239531

e-mail: peedova@peed.cz

Denmark

Motron A/S

Torsovej 4

DK-8240 Risskov

Tel. +45 87 36 86 00

Fax +45 87 36 86 01

e-mail: motron@motron.dk

Finland

ETRA Electronics Oy

Lampputie 2

FI-00740 Helsinki

Tel. +358 207 65 160

Fax +358 207 65 23 11

e-mail: markku.soittila@etra.ﬁ

Field Applications Engineer

Mr. Pasi Leveälahti

Kausantie 668, 17150 Urajärvi

Tel. +358 50 5754435

Fax +358 37667 141

e-mail: pli@lem.com

France

LEM France Sarl

15, avenue Galois

F. 92340 Bourg-La-Reine

Tel. +33 1 45 36 46 20

Fax +33 1 45 36 06 16

e-mail: lfr@lem.com

Germany

Central Ofﬁce:

LEM Deutschland GmbH

Frankfurter Strasse 74

D-64521 Gross-Gerau

Tel. +49 6152 9301 0

Fax +49 6152 8 46 61

e-mail: postofﬁce.lde@lem.com

Hauber & Graf Electronics GmbH

Bavaria / Baden Württemberg

Wahlwiesenstr. 3

D-71711 Steinheim

Tel. +49 7144 28 15 03/04

Fax +49 7144 28 15 05

e-mail: electronics@hauber-graf.de

Hungary

Orszaczky Trading LTD.

Korányi Sandor U, 28

H-1089 Budapest

Tel. +36 1 314 4225

Fax +36 1 324 8757

e-mail: info@orszaczky.hu

Iran

MGT

Mansoureh Tehrani

IR-Tehran

Tel. +9821 22 37 46 05

Fax +9821 22 37 46 04

Mobile + 98912 113 81 56

e-mail: mgt@tavana.net

Israel

Ofer Levin Technological

Application

PO Box 18247

IL- Tel Aviv 611 81

Tel.+972 3 5586279

Fax +972 3 5586282

e-mail: ol_teap@netvision.net.il

Italy

LEM Italia Srl

via V. Bellini, 7

I-35030 Selvazzano Dentro, PD

Tel. +39 049 805 60 60

Fax +39 049 805 60 59

e-mail: lit@lem.com

Norway

Holst & Fleischer A/S

Stanseveien 6B

N-0975 Oslo

Tel. +47 2333 8500

Fax +47 2333 8501

e-mail: hf@hf-elektro.no

Poland

DACPOL Sp. z o.o.

Ul. Pulawska 34

PL-05-500 Piaseczno

Tel. +48 22 70335100

Fax +48 22 7035101

e-mail: dacpol@dacpol.com.pl

Portugal

QEnergia, Lda

Praceta Cesário Verde - 10 S/Cave

P-2745-740 Massamá

Tel. +351 214 309320

Fax +351 214 309299

e-mail: qenergia@qenergia.pt

Romania

SYSCOM -18 Srl.

Protopopescu 10, bl. 4. ap 2 Sector 1

RO-011728 Bucharest

Tel. +40 21 310 26 78

Fax +40 21 316 91 76

e-mail:

george.barbalata@syscom18.com

Russia

Central Ofﬁce:

TVELEM

Marshall Budionny Str.11

170023 Tver / Russia

Tel. +7 48 22 743 951

Fax +7 48 22 743 955

e-mail: tvelem@lem.com

TVELEM

Baltijskaja str., 13, Room 19

125190 Moscow

Tel. +7 495 363 07 67

Fax +7 495 363 07 67

e-mail: tvelem@alo.ru

TVELEM

V.O., 2 linia, 19, Liter „A“

199053 S. Petersburg

Tel. +7 812 323 83 83

Fax +7 812 323 83 83

e-mail: info@maglem.ru

Slovenia

Proteus Electric

Via di Noghere 94/1

I-34147 Muggia-Aquilinia

Tel. +39 040 23 21 88

Fax +39 040 23 24 40

e-mail:

dino.fabiani@proteuselectric.it

Spain

LEM Components

Apartado 142

E-08500 VIC

Tel. +34 93 886 02 28

Fax +34 93 886 60 87

e-mail: slu@lem.com

Sweden

ADIATOR A.B.

Hälsingegatan 40

SE-10435 Stockholm

Tel. +46 8 729 1700

Fax +46 8 729 1717

e-mail: info@adiator.se

Beving Electronik AB

Storsätragränd 10

S. 12739 Skärholmen

Tel. +46 8 680 1199

Fax +46 8 680 1188

e-mail: lars.g.pahlsson@beving.se

Switzerland

SIMPEX Electronic AG

Binzackerstrasse 33

CH-8622 Wetzikon

Tel. +41 1 931 10 10

Fax +41 1 931 10 11

e-mail: contact@simpex.ch

LEM SA

8, Chemin des Aulx

CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates

Tel. +41 22 706 11 11

Fax +41 22 794 94 78

e-mail: lsa@lem.com

Turkey

Özdisan Electronik Pazarlama

Galata Kulesi Sokak N° 34

TR-80020 Kuledibi / Istanbul

Tel. +90 212 2499806

Fax +90 212 2436946

e-mail: oabdi@ozdisan.com

Ukraine

“SP DACPOL” Co Ltd.

Snovskaya str., 20

UA-02090, KIEV, UKRAINE

Tel. +380 44 501 93 44

Fax +380 44502 64 87

e-mail: kiev@dacpol.com

United Kingdom and Eire

LEM UK Ltd

West Lancs Investment Centre

Whitemoss Business Park

Skelmersdale, Lancs WN8 9TG

Tel. +44 1 695 71 25 60

Fax +44 1 695 71 25 61

e-mail: luk@lem.com

Argentina

Semak S.A.

Av. Belgrano 1580, 5° Piso

AR-1093 BUENOS AIRES

Tel. +54 11 4381 2108

Fax +54 11 4383 7420

e-mail: mpedro@semak.

com.ar

Brazil

AMDS4 Imp. Exp. e Com. de

Equip. Electr. Ltda.

Rua Doutor Ulhôa Cintra, 489,

Centro 13800-061 -

Moji Mirim - Sao Paulo - Brazil

Tel. +55 19 3806 1950 / 8509

Fax +55 19 3806 8422

e-mail:

jeduardo@amds4.com.br

Canada Ontario East

Optimum Components Inc.

7750 Birchmount Road Unit 5

CAN-Markham ON L3R 0B4

Tel. +1 905 477 9393

Fax +1 905 477 6197

e-mail: mikep@

optimumcomponents.com

Canada Manitoba West

William P. Hall Contract Services

7045 NE 137th st.

CAN-Kirkland,

Washington 98034

Tel. +1 425 820 6216

Fax +1 206 390 2411

South Africa

Denver Technical Products Ltd.

P.O. Box 75810

SA-2047 Garden View

Tel. +27 11 626 20 23

Fax +27 11 626 20 09

e-mail: denvertech@pixie.co.za

U.S.A

Central Ofﬁce:

LEM U.S.A., Inc.

11665 West Bradley Road

USA Milwaukee, Wi 53224

Tel. +1 414 353 07 11

Toll free: 800 236 53 66

Fax +1 414 353 07 33

e-mail: lus@lem.com

LEM U.S.A., Inc

991, Michigan Avenue.

USA-Columbus, OH 43201

Tel. +1 414 353 07 11 ext. 200

Fax +1 614 540 74 36

Mobile +1 614 306 73 02

e-mail: afg@lem.com

LEM U.S.A., Inc.

37 Thornton Ferry Road II

USA-Amherst, NH 03031

Tel. +1 800 236 53 66 ext. 202

Fax +1 603 672 71 59

e-mail: gap@lem.com

LEM U.S.A., Inc.

6275 Simms st.

Suite # 110

USA Arvada, CO 80004

Tel. +1 800 236 53 66 ext. 201

Fax +1 303 403 15 89

e-mail: dlw@lem.com

Australia and New Zealand

Fastron Technologies Pty Ltd.

25 Kingsley Close

Rowville - Melbourne -

Victoria 3178

Tel. +61 3 9763 5155

Fax +61 3 9763 5166

e-mail: sales@fastron.com.au

China

Beijing LEM Electronics Co. Ltd

No. 1 Standard Factory

Building B, Airport Industry

Area, Beijing, China

Post code : 101300

Tel. +86 10 80 48 31 78

Fax +86 10 80 48 43 03

e-mail: bjl@lem.com

Beijing LEM Electronics Co. Ltd

Shanghai Ofﬁce

Room 807

728, Xinhua Road

Shanghai, 200052 P.R. China

Tel. +86 21 3226 0881

Fax +86 21 5258 2262

e-mail: bjl@lem.com

Beijing LEM Electronics Co. Ltd

Shenzhen Ofﬁce

Room 1205

6021 Shennan Road

Shenzen, 518040 P.R. China

Tel. +86 755 3334 0779

+86 755 3336 9609

Fax +86 755 3334 0780

e-mail: bjl@lem.com

India

LEM Management Services SA

India Branch Ofﬁce

Mr. Sudhir Khandekar

Tel. +91 98 331 35 223

e-mail: skh@lem.com

Globetek

122/49, 27th Cross

7th Block, Jayanagar

IN-Bangalore-560082

Tel. +91 80 2 663 57 76

Fax +91 80 2 653 40 20

e-mail: globetek@vsnl.com

Japan

LEM Japan K.K.

2-1-2 Nakamachi

J-194-0021Machida-Tokyo

Tel. +81 4 2725 8151

Fax +81 4 2728 8119

e-mail: ljp@lem.com

LEM Japan K.K.

1-8-33-607 Nishimiyahara

Yodogawa-Ku Osaka

532-0004 Japan

Tel. +81 6 6395 4073

Fax +81 6 6395 4079

e-mail: ljp@lem.com

Korea

S&H Trading

#Ra-3701, Jungang Yootong Danji

1258, Kurobon-Dong, Kuro-Ku,

K-Seoul, 152-721

Tel. +82 2 2686 83 46

+82 2 2613 83 45

Fax +82 2 2686 83 47

e-mail: snhlim@yahoo.co.kr

Young Woo Ind. Co.

C.P.O. Box 10265

K-Seoul

Tel. +82 312 66 88 58

Fax +82 312 66 88 57

e-mail: c.k.park@ygwoo.co.kr

Malaysia

Acei Systems SDN BHD

1A & 1A-1, Lintasan

Perajurit 6,

Taman Perak

31400 Ipoh

Perak Darul Ridzuan

Malaysia

Tel. +60 5 547 0761/0771

Fax +60 5 547 1518

e-mail: enquiry@aceisys.com.my

Singapore

Overseas Technology Center Pte Ltd.

Blk 1003 Bukit

Merah Central

Unit 06-16

Technopreneur Centre

RS-159 836 Singapore

Tel. +65 6 272 60 77

Fax +65 6 278 21 34

e-mail: otcpl@singnet.com.sg

Taiwan

POWERTRONICS CO. LTD

2F, No 138, Sec. 3

Chung-shing Rd, Shing-Tien,

Taipei -Hsien 231, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Tel. +886 2 2915 7000

Fax +886 2 2915 3910

e-mail: sales@powertronics.

com.tw

Tope Co., Ltd.

3F-4, 716 Chung Cheng Road

Chung Ho City, Taipei Hsien,

Taiwan 235, R.O.C

Tel. +886 2 8228 0658

Fax +886 2 8228 0659

e-mail: tope@ms1.hinet.net