TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 FEATURES * * * * * * * D, DB, N, NS, OR PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) Complete PWM Power-Control Circuitry Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or Source Current Output Control Selects Single-Ended or Push-Pull Operation Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at Either Output Variable Dead Time Provides Control Over Total Range Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V Reference Supply With 5% Tolerance Circuit Architecture Allows Easy Synchronization 1IN+ 1IN- FEEDBACK DTC CT RT GND C1 1 16 2 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 6 7 10 8 9 11 2IN+ 2IN- REF OUTPUT CTRL VCC C2 E2 E1 DESCRIPTION The TL494 incorporates all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control circuit on a single chip. Designed primarily for power-supply control, this device offers the flexibility to tailor the power-supply control circuitry to a specific application. The TL494 contains two error amplifiers, an on-chip adjustable oscillator, a dead-time control (DTC) comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-V, 5%-precision regulator, and output-control circuits. The error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from -0.3 V to VCC - 2 V. The dead-time control comparator has a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. The on-chip oscillator can be bypassed by terminating RT to the reference output and providing a sawtooth input to CT, or it can drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies. The uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. The TL494 provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which can be selected through the output-control function. The architecture of this device prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation. The TL494C is characterized for operation from 0C to 70C. The TL494I is characterized for operation from -40C to 85C. AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES (1) (1) TA SMALL OUTLINE (D) PLASTIC DIP (N) SMALL OUTLINE (NS) SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE (DB) THIN SHRINK SMALL OUTLINE (PW) 0C to 70C TL494CD TL494CN TL494CNS TL494CDB TL494CPW -40C to 85C TL494ID TL494IN -- -- -- The D, DB, NS, and PW packages are available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g., TL494CDR). Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright (c) 1983-2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 FUNCTION TABLE INPUT TO OUTPUT CTRL OUTPUT FUNCTION VI = GND Single-ended or parallel output VI = Vref Normal push-pull operation FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OUTPUT CTRL (see Function Table) 13 RT 6 CT 5 Oscillator Q1 1D DTC 4 Dead-Time Control Comparator 0.1 V 0.7 V 1IN- 1 2 9 Q2 11 PWM Comparator 10 + 2IN+ 2IN- 15 - 2 3 C2 E2 12 VCC + Reference Regulator - 14 7 FEEDBACK E1 Pulse-Steering Flip-Flop Error Amplifier 2 16 C1 C1 Error Amplifier 1 1IN+ 8 0.7 mA REF GND TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com Absolute Maximum Ratings SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 (1) over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN MAX UNIT VCC Supply voltage (2) VI Amplifier input voltage VO Collector output voltage 41 V IO Collector output current 250 mA JA Package thermal impedance (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) V VCC + 0.3 V D package 73 DB package 82 N package 67 NS package 64 PW package 108 Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds Tstg 41 Storage temperature range -65 C/W 260 C 150 C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltages are with respect to the network ground terminal. Maximum power disipation is a function of TJ(max), JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperatire is PD = (TJ(max) - TA)/JA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150C can affect reliability. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. Recommended Operating Conditions MIN VCC Supply voltage VI Amplifier input voltage VO Collector output voltage MAX UNIT 7 40 V -0.3 VCC - 2 V 40 V Collector output current (each transistor) 200 mA Current into feedback terminal 0.3 mA 1 300 kHz 0.47 10000 nF 1.8 500 k 0 70 -40 85 fOSC Oscillator frequency CT Timing capacitor RT Timing resistor TA Operating free-air temperature TL494C TL494I C 3 TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted) Reference Section TEST CONDITIONS (1) PARAMETER TL494C, TL494I MIN TYP (2) MAX 4.75 UNIT Output voltage (REF) IO = 1 mA 5 5.25 Input regulation VCC = 7 V to 40 V 2 25 Output regulation IO = 1 mA to 10 mA 1 15 mV Output voltage change with temperature TA = MIN to MAX 2 10 mV/V Short-circuit output current (3) REF = 0 V (1) (2) (3) 25 V mV mA For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA = 25C. Duration of short circuit should not exceed one second. Oscillator Section CT = 0.01 F, RT = 12 k (see Figure 1) TEST CONDITIONS (1) PARAMETER TL494C, TL494I MIN TYP (2) Frequency Standard deviation of frequency (3) All values of VCC, CT, RT, and TA constant Frequency change with voltage VCC = 7 V to 40 V, TA = 25C Frequency change with temperature (4) TA = MIN to MAX (1) (2) (3) MAX UNIT 10 kHz 100 Hz/kHz 1 Hz/kHz 10 Hz/kHz For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA = 25C. Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula: N (x n X)2 (4) n1 N1 Temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor are not taken into account. Error-Amplifier Section See Figure 2 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TL494C, TL494I MIN TYP (1) MAX UNIT Input offset voltage VO (FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 2 10 mV Input offset current VO (FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 25 250 nA Input bias current VO (FEEDBACK) = 2.5 V 0.2 1 A -0.3 to VCC - 2 Common-mode input voltage range VCC = 7 V to 40 V Open-loop voltage amplification VO = 3 V, VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL = 2 k Unity-gain bandwidth VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL = 2 k Common-mode rejection ratio VO = 40 V, TA = 25C 65 80 dB Output sink current (FEEDBACK) VID = -15 mV to -5 V, V (FEEDBACK) = 0.7 V 0.3 0.7 mA Output source current (FEEDBACK) VID = 15 mV to 5 V, V (FEEDBACK) = 3.5 V -2 (1) 4 All typical values, except for parameter changes with temperature, are at TA = 25C. 70 V 95 dB 800 kHz mA TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted) Output Section PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Collector off-state current VCE = 40 V, VCC = 40 V Emitter off-state current VCC = VC = 40 V, VE = 0 Collector-emitter saturation voltage 2 MAX UNIT 100 A -100 A Common emitter VE = 0, IC = 200 mA 1.1 1.3 Emitter follower VO(C1 or C2) = 15 V, IE = -200 mA 1.5 2.5 Output control input current (1) TYP (1) MIN VI = Vref 3.5 V mA All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA = 25C. Dead-Time Control Section See Figure 1 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP (1) MAX UNIT -10 A Input bias current (DEAD-TIME CTRL) VI = 0 to 5.25 V -2 Maximum duty cycle, each output VI (DEAD-TIME CTRL) = 0, CT = 0.01 F, RT = 12 k 45 Input threshold voltage (DEAD-TIME CTRL) (1) Zero duty cycle Maximum duty cycle % 3 3.3 MIN TYP (1) MAX 4 4.5 0 V All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA = 25C. PWM Comparator Section See Figure 1 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Input threshold voltage (FEEDBACK) Zero duty cyle Input sink current (FEEDBACK) V (FEEDBACK) = 0.7 V (1) 0.3 0.7 UNIT V mA All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA = 25C. Total Device PARAMETER MIN TYP (1) MAX VCC = 15 V 6 10 VCC = 40 V 9 15 TEST CONDITIONS Standby supply current RT = Vref, All other inputs and outputs open Average supply current VI (DEAD-TIME CTRL) = 2 V, See Figure 1 (1) 7.5 UNIT mA mA All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA = 25C. Switching Characteristics TA = 25C PARAMETER Rise time Fall time Rise time Fall time (1) TEST CONDITIONS Common-emitter configuration, See Figure 3 Emitter-follower configuration, See Figure 4 MIN TYP (1) MAX UNIT 100 200 ns 25 100 ns 100 200 ns 40 100 ns All typical values, except for temperature coefficient, are at TA = 25C. 5 TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VCC = 15 V 150 2W 12 VCC 4 Test Inputs 3 12 k 6 5 0.01 F 1 2 16 15 13 C1 DTC FEEDBACK E1 RT C2 CT 1IN+ 1IN- 2IN+ E2 8 150 2W Output 1 9 11 Output 2 10 Error Amplifiers 2IN- OUTPUT CTRL REF 14 GND 50 k 7 TEST CIRCUIT VCC Voltage at C1 0V VCC Voltage at C2 0V Voltage at CT Threshold Voltage DTC 0V Threshold Voltage FEEDBACK 0.7 V Duty Cycle 0% MAX VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS Figure 1. Operational Test Circuit and Waveforms 6 0% TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Amplifier Under Test + VI FEEDBACK - + Vref - Other Amplifier Figure 2. Amplifier Characteristics 15 V 68 2W Each Output Circuit tf Output tr 90% 90% CL = 15 pF (See Note A) 10% 10% TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM NOTE A: CL includes probe and jig capacitance. Figure 3. Common-Emitter Configuration 15 V Each Output Circuit Output CL = 15 pF (See Note A) 90% 90% 68 2W 10% 10% tr TEST CIRCUIT tf OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM NOTE A: CL includes probe and jig capacitance. Figure 4. Emitter-Follower Configuration 7 TL494 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS www.ti.com SLVS074E - JANUARY 1983 - REVISED FEBRUARY 2005 f - Oscillator Frequency and Frequency Variation - Hz TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY AND FREQUENCY VARIATION vs TIMING RESISTANCE 100 k VCC = 15 V TA = 25C 40 k -2% 0.001 F -1% 10 k 0.01 F 0% 4k 0.1 F 1k 400 Df = 1% 100 CT = 1 F 40 10 1k 4k 10 k 40 k 100 k 400 k 1M RT - Timing Resistance - Frequency variation (f) is the change in oscillator frequency that occurs over the full temperature range. Figure 5. AMPLIFIER VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREQUENCY A - Amplifier Voltage Amplification - dB 100 VCC = 15 V VO = 3 V TA = 25C 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 10 100 1k 10 k f - Frequency - Hz Figure 6. 8 100 k 1M PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 9-Apr-2010 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TL494CD ACTIVE SOIC D 16 TL494CDBR ACTIVE SSOP DB TL494CDBRE4 ACTIVE SSOP TL494CDBRG4 ACTIVE TL494CDE4 40 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM DB 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM SSOP DB 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CDG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CDR ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CDRE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CDRG3 PREVIEW SOIC D 16 2500 TL494CDRG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) TBD Call TI CU NIPDAU Call TI Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CJ OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI TL494CN ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free (RoHS) CU NIPDAU N / A for Pkg Type TL494CNE4 ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free (RoHS) CU NIPDAU N / A for Pkg Type TL494CNSR ACTIVE SO NS 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CNSRG4 ACTIVE SO NS 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPW ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPWE4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPWG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPWLE OBSOLETE TSSOP PW 16 TL494CPWR ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPWRE4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494CPWRG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 16 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494ID ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494IDE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494IDG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 40 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494IDR ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TBD Addendum-Page 1 Call TI Call TI Call TI PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 9-Apr-2010 Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TL494IDRE4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494IDRG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 16 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TL494IN ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free (RoHS) CU NIPDAU N / A for Pkg Type TL494INE4 ACTIVE PDIP N 16 25 Pb-Free (RoHS) CU NIPDAU N / A for Pkg Type TL494MJ OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI Call TI TL494MJB OBSOLETE CDIP J 16 TBD Call TI Call TI Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 4-Feb-2011 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing TL494CDBR SSOP SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 12.0 16.0 Q1 DB 16 2000 330.0 16.4 8.2 6.6 2.5 TL494CDR SOIC D 16 2500 330.0 16.4 6.5 10.3 2.1 8.0 16.0 Q1 TL494CNSR SO NS 16 2000 330.0 16.4 8.2 10.5 2.5 12.0 16.0 Q1 TL494CPWR TSSOP PW 16 2000 330.0 12.4 6.9 5.6 1.6 8.0 12.0 Q1 TL494IDR SOIC D 16 2500 330.0 16.4 6.5 10.3 2.1 8.0 16.0 Q1 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 4-Feb-2011 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TL494CDBR SSOP DB 16 2000 346.0 346.0 33.0 TL494CDR SOIC D 16 2500 346.0 346.0 33.0 TL494CNSR SO NS 16 2000 346.0 346.0 33.0 TL494CPWR TSSOP PW 16 2000 346.0 346.0 29.0 TL494IDR SOIC D 16 2500 333.2 345.9 28.6 Pack Materials-Page 2 MECHANICAL DATA MSSO002E - JANUARY 1995 - REVISED DECEMBER 2001 DB (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE 28 PINS SHOWN 0,38 0,22 0,65 28 0,15 M 15 0,25 0,09 8,20 7,40 5,60 5,00 Gage Plane 1 14 0,25 A 0-8 0,95 0,55 Seating Plane 2,00 MAX 0,10 0,05 MIN PINS ** 14 16 20 24 28 30 38 A MAX 6,50 6,50 7,50 8,50 10,50 10,50 12,90 A MIN 5,90 5,90 6,90 7,90 9,90 9,90 12,30 DIM 4040065 /E 12/01 NOTES: A. B. C. D. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion not to exceed 0,15. Falls within JEDEC MO-150 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI's terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI's standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps DLP(R) Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video RFID www.ti-rfid.com Wireless www.ti.com/wireless-apps RF/IF and ZigBee(R) Solutions www.ti.com/lprf TI E2E Community Home Page e2e.ti.com Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright (c) 2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated