ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection FEATURES AND BENEFITS Industry-leading noise performance with greatly improved bandwidth through proprietary amplifier and filter design techniques Small footprint package suitable for space-constrained applications 1 m primary conductor resistance for low power loss High isolation voltage, suitable for line-powered applications User-adjustable Overcurrent Fault level Overcurrent Fault signal typically responds to an overcurrent condition in < 2 s Integrated shield virtually eliminates capacitive coupling from current conductor to die due to high dV/dt voltage transients Filter pin capacitor improves resolution in low bandwidth applications 3 to 5.5 V single supply operation Factory-trimmed sensitivity and quiescent output voltage Chopper stabilization results in extremely stable quiescent output voltage Ratiometric output from supply voltage CB Certificate Number: US-23711-A2-UL PACKAGE: 16-Pin SOIC Hall-Effect IC Package (suffix LA) DESCRIPTION The AllegroTM ACS710 current sensor provides economical and precise means for current sensing applications in industrial, commercial, and communications systems. The device is offered in a small footprint surface-mount package that allows easy implementation in customer applications. The ACS710 consists of a precision linear Hall sensor integrated circuit with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the silicon die. Applied current flows through the copper conduction path, and the analog output voltage from the Hall sensor linearly tracks the magnetic field generated by the applied current. The accuracy of the ACS710 is maximized with this patented packaging configuration because the Hall element is situated in extremely close proximity to the current to be measured. High-level immunity to current conductor dV/dt and stray electric fields, offered by Allegro proprietary integrated shield technology, results in low ripple on the output and low offset drift in high-side, high-voltage applications. The voltage on the Overcurrent Input (VOC pin) allows customers to define an overcurrent fault threshold for the device. When the current flowing through the copper conduction path (between the IP+ and IP- pins) exceeds this threshold, the open drain Overcurrent Fault pin will transition to a logic low state. Factory programming of the linear Hall sensor inside of the ACS710 results in exceptional accuracy in both analog and digital output signals. The internal resistance of the copper path used for current sensing is typically 1m, for low power loss. Also, the current conduction path is electrically isolated from the low-voltage Not to scale Continued on the next page... Typical Application Circuit 1 2 3 IP 4 5 6 7 8 IP+ IP+ IP+ FAULT_EN ACS710 VOC VCC IP+ FAULT IP- VIOUT IP- FILTER IP- VZCR IP- GND ACS710-DS, Rev. 16 MCO-0000196 16 Fault_EN RH VCC RH, RL 15 14 12 11 RPU COC VIOUT 10 9 CF RL 13 1 nF A COC 0.1 F B CF Sets resistor divider reference for VOC Noise and bandwidth limiting filter capacitor Fault delay setting capacitor, 22 nF maximum A Use of capacitor required B Use of resistor optional, 330 k recommended. If used, resistor must be connected between FA ULT pin and VCC. January 30, 2020 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection DESCRIPTION (continued) sensor inputs and outputs. This allows the ACS710 family of sensors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation, without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. Pbbased solder balls, currently exempt from RoHS. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. The ACS710 is provided in a small, surface-mount SOIC16 package. The leadframe is plated with 100% matte tin, which is compatible with standard lead (Pb) free printed circuit board assembly processes. Internally, the device is Pb-free, except for flip-chip high-temperature Applications include: * Motor control and protection * Load management and overcurrent detection * Power conversion and battery monitoring / UPS systems SELECTION GUIDE Part Number ACS710KLATR-6BB-T [2][3] Sens (typ) at VCC = 5V (mV/A) IP (A) 6 151 ACS710KLATR-10BB-T [2] 10 85 ACS710KLATR-12CB-T [2] 12.5 56 ACS710KLATR-25CB-T [2] 25 ACS710KLATR-6BB-NL-T [2] 6 151 ACS710KLATR-10BB-NL-T [2] 10 85 ACS710KLATR-12CB-NL-T [2] 12.5 56 ACS710KLATR-25CB-NL-T [2] 25 Latched Fault TA (C) Yes -40 to 125 Tape and Reel, 1000 pieces per reel No -40 to 125 Tape and Reel, 1000 pieces per reel Packing [1] 28 28 [1] Contact Allegro [2] Variant for packing options. not intended for automotive applications. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 2 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Characteristic Symbol Supply Voltage Notes Rating Unit VCC 8 V Filter Pin VFILTER 8 V Analog Output Pin VIOUT 32 V VOC 8 V Overcurrent Input Pin A ULTPin Overcurrent F V FA ULT 8 V Fault Enable (FAULT_EN) Pin VFAULTEN 8 V Voltage Reference Output Pin VZCR 8 V DC Reverse Voltage: VCC, FILTER, VIOUT, VOC, F A UL T, FAULT_EN, and VZCR Pins VRdcx -0.5 V Excess to Supply Voltage: FILTER, VIOUT, VOC, F A UL T, FAULT_EN, and VZCR Pins VEX 0.3 V IIOUT(Source) 3 mA IIOUT(Sink) 1 mA -40 to 125 C Output Current Source Output Current Sink Operating Ambient Temperature TA Voltage by which pin voltage can exceed the VCC pin voltage Range K Junction Temperature TJ(max) 165 C Storage Temperature Tstg -65 to 170 C ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Symbol Dielectric Surge Strength Test Voltage VSURGE Dielectric Strength Test Voltage* Working Voltage for Basic Isolation VISO VWVBI Notes Rating Unit Tested 5 pulses at 2/minute in compliance to IEC 61000-4-5 1.2s (rise) / 50s (width). 6000 V Agency type-tested for 60 seconds per IEC/UL 60950-1 (2nd Edition). 3600 VRMS Agency type-tested for 60 seconds per UL 1577. 3000 VRMS Maximum approved working voltage for basic (single) isolation according to IEC/UL 60950-1 (2nd Edition). 870 VPK or VDC 616 VRMS Clearance DCL Minimum distance through air from IP leads to signal leads. 7.5 mm Creepage DCR Minimum distance along package body from IP leads to signal leads. 7.5 mm *Production tested for 1 second at 3600 VRMS in accordance with both UL 1577 and IEC/UL 60950-1 (edition 2). THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions mm2 Package Thermal Resistance RJA Value Unit 17 C/W mm2 When mounted on Allegro demo board with 1332 (654 on component side and 678 mm2 on opposite side) of 2 oz. copper connected to the primary leadframe and with thermal vias connecting the copper layers. Performance is based on current flowing through the primary leadframe and includes the power consumed by the PCB. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 3 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 Functional Block Diagram Latching Version VCC Hall Bias FAULT_EN D Q CLK R POR POR Fault Latch FAULT Reset Drain - VOC + 2VREF OC Fault Control Logic FAULT 3 mA Fault Comparator - Sensitivity Trim IP+ VZCR + VIOUT Signal Recovery RF(INT) Hall Amplifier IP- VOUT(Q) Trim GND Pinout Diagram IP+ 1 16 FAULT_EN IP+ 2 15 VOC IP+ 3 14 VCC IP+ 4 13 FAULT IP- 5 12 VIOUT IP- 6 11 FILTER IP- 7 10 VZCR IP- 8 9 GND FILTER Terminal List Table, Latching Version Number Name Description 1,2,3,4 IP+ Sensed current copper conduction path pins. Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally, loop to IP- pins; unidirectional or bidirectional current flow. 5,6,7,8 IP- Sensed current copper conduction path pins. Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally, loop to IP+ pins; unidirectional or bidirectional current flow. 9 GND Device ground connection. 10 VZCR Voltage Reference Output pin. Zero current (0 A) reference; output voltage on this pin scales with VCC. (Not a highly accurate reference.) 11 FILTER Filter pin. Terminal for an external capacitor connected from this pin to GND to set the device bandwidth. 12 VIOUT Analog Output pin. Output voltage on this pin is proportional to current flowing through the loop between the IP+ pins and IP- pins. 13 ULT F A Overcurrent Fault pin. When current flowing between IP+ pins and IP- pins exceeds the overcurrent fault threshold, this pin transitions to a logic low state. 14 VCC Supply voltage. 15 VOC Overcurrent Input pin. Analog input voltage on this pin sets the overcurrent fault threshold. 16 ULTwhen low. FAULT_EN Enables overcurrent faulting when high. Resets FA Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 4 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 Functional Block Diagram Non-Latching Version VCC Hall Bias POR Drain - VOC + FAULT_EN FAULT 2VREF FAULT Reset 3 mA OC Fault IP+ VZCR Fault Comparator Sensitivity Trim VIOUT Signal Recovery RF(INT) Hall Amplifier IP- VOUT(Q) Trim GND Pinout Diagram IP+ 1 16 FAULT_EN IP+ 2 15 VOC IP+ 3 14 VCC IP+ 4 13 FAULT IP- 5 12 VIOUT IP- 6 11 FILTER IP- 7 10 VZCR IP- 8 9 GND FILTER Terminal List Table, Non-Latching Version Number Name Description 1,2,3,4 IP+ Sensed current copper conduction path pins. Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally, loop to IP- pins; unidirectional or bidirectional current flow. 5,6,7,8 IP- Sensed current copper conduction path pins. Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally, loop to IP+ pins; unidirectional or bidirectional current flow. 9 GND Device ground connection. 10 VZCR Voltage Reference Output pin. Zero current (0 A) reference; output voltage on this pin scales with VCC. (Not a highly accurate reference.) 11 FILTER Filter pin. Terminal for an external capacitor connected from this pin to GND to set the device bandwidth. 12 VIOUT Analog Output pin. Output voltage on this pin is proportional to current flowing through the loop between the IP+ pins and IP- pins. 13 ULT F A Overcurrent Fault pin. When current flowing between IP+ pins and IP- pins exceeds the overcurrent fault threshold, this pin transitions to a logic low state. 14 VCC Supply voltage. 15 VOC Overcurrent Input pin. Analog input voltage on this pin sets the overcurrent fault threshold. 16 FAULT_EN Enables overcurrent faulting when high. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 5 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection COMMON OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS: Valid at TA = -40C to 125C, VCC= 5 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Supply Voltage [1] VCC 3 - 5.5 V Nominal Supply Voltage VCCN - 5 - V ULTpin high VIOUT open, FA - 11 14.5 mA Output Capacitance Load CLOAD VIOUT pin to GND - - 10 nF Output Resistive Load RLOAD VIOUT pin to GND 10 - - k Current flowing from IP+ to IP- pins - 9.5 - G/A - 1.7 - k TA = 25C - 1 - m ELIN IP = IP0A -0.75 0.25 0.75 % ESYM IP = IP0A Supply Current Magnetic Coupling from Device Conductor to Hall Element Internal Filter Resistance [2] Primary Conductor Resistance ICC MCHALL RF(INT) RPRIMARY ANALOG OUTPUT SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS Full Range Linearity [3] Symmetry [4] Bidirectional Quiescent Output VOUT(QBI) 99.1 100 100.9 % IP = 0 A, TA = 25C - VCCx0.5 - V Noise Density IND Input-referenced noise density; TA = 25C, CL = 4.7nF - 400 - A /(Hz) Noise IN Input referenced noise at 120 kHz Bandwidth; TA = 25C,CL = 4.7nF - 170 - mArms tr TA = 25C, Swing IP from 0 A to IP0A, no capacitor on FILTER pin, 100 pF from VIOUT to GND - 3 - s TA = 25C, no capacitor on FILTER pin, 100 pF from VIOUT to GND - 1 - s TA = 25C, Swing IP from 0 A to IP0A, no capacitor on FILTER pin, 100 pF from VIOUT to GND - 4 - s TIMING PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIOUT Signal Rise Time VIOUT Signal Propagation Time tPROP VIOUT Signal Response Time tRESPONSE VIOUT Large Signal Bandwidth f3dB -3 dB, Apply IP such that VIOUT = 1Vpk-pk, no capacitor on FILTER pin, 100pF from VIOUT to GND - 120 - kHz Power-On Time tPO Output reaches 90% of steady-state level, no capacitor on FILTER pin, TA = 25C - 35 - s OVERCURRENT CHARACTERISTICS Setting Voltage for Overcurrent Switch Point [5] VOC VCC x 0.25 - VCC x 0.4 V Signal Noise at Overcurrent Comparator Input INCOMP - 1 - A Switch point in VOC safe operating area; assumes INCOMP = 0 A - 5 - % ULTpin 1 mA sink current at FA - - 0.4 V Overcurrent Fault Switch Point Error [6][7] UL TPin Output Voltage Overcurrent FA EOC V FA ULT Fault Enable (FAULT_EN Pin) Input Low Voltage Threshold VIL - - 0.1xVCC V Fault Enable (FAULT_EN Pin) Input High Voltage Threshold VIH 0.8 x VCC - - V Fault Enable (FAULT_EN Pin) Input Resistance RFEI - 1 - M Continued on the next page... Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 6 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection COMMON OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued): Valid at TA = -40C to 125C, VCC= 5 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units tFED Set FAULT_EN to low, VOC = 0.25 x VCC, COC = 0F; then run a DC IP exceeding the corresponding overcurrent threshold; then reset FAULT_EN from low to high and measure the delay from the rising edge of ULT FAULT_EN to the falling edge of FA - 15 - s tFED(NL) Set FAULT_EN to low, VOC = 0.25 x VCC, COC = 0F; then run a DC IP exceeding the corresponding overcurrent threshold; then reset FAULT_EN from low to high and measure the delay from the rising edge of ULT FAULT_EN to the falling edge of FA - 150 - ns tOC FAULT_EN set to high for a minimum of 20s before the overcurrent event; switch point set at VOC = 0.25 x VCC; delay from IP exceeding overcurrent fault threshold to V FA ULT <0.4V, without external COC capacitor - 1.9 - s Undercurrent Fault Response Time (Non-Latching versions) tUC FAULT_EN set to high for a minimum of 20 s before the undercurrent event; switch point set at VOC = 0.25 x VCC; delay from IP falling below the overcurrent fault threshold to V FA ULT > 0.8 x VCC, without external COC capacitor, RPU = 330 k - 3 - s Overcurrent Fault Reset Delay tOCR Time from VFAULTEN < VIL to V FA ULT > 0.8xVCC , RPU = 330 k - 500 - ns Overcurrent Fault Reset Hold Time tOCH Time from VFAULTEN <VIL to rising edge of V FA UL T - 250 - ns Overcurrent Input Pin Resistance ROC TA = 25C, VOC pin to GND 2 - - M Voltage Reference Output VZCR TA = 25 C (Not a highly accurate reference) 0.51xVCC V Voltage Reference Output Load Current IZCR OVERCURRENT CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Fault Enable (FAULT_EN Pin) Delay [8] Fault Enable (FAULT_EN Pin) Delay (Non-Latching versions) [9] Overcurrent Fault Response Time VOLTAGE REFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS Voltage Reference Output Drift VZCR 0.48 x VCC 0.5x VCC Source current 3 - - mA Sink current 50 - - A - 10 - mV [1] Devices are programmed for maximum accuracy at VCC = 5 V. The device contains ratiometry circuits that accurately alter the 0 A Output Voltage and Sensitivity level of the device in proportion to the applied VCC level. However, as a result of minor nonlinearities in the ratiometry circuit, additional output error will result when VCC varies from the VCC level at which the device was programmed. Customers that plan to operate the device at a VCC level other than the VCC level at which the device was programmed should contact their local Allegro sales representative regarding expected device accuracy levels under these bias conditions. [2] R F(INT) forms an RC circuit via the FILTER pin. [3] This parameter can drift by as much as 0.8% over the lifetime of this product. [4] This parameter can drift by as much as 1% over the lifetime of this product. [5] See page 8 on how to set overcurrent fault switch point. [6] Switch point can be lower at the expense of switch point accuracy. [7] This error specification does not include the effect of noise. See the I NCOMP specification in order to factor in the additional influence of noise on the fault switch point. [8] Fault Enable Delay is designed to avoid false tripping of an Overcurrent (OC) fault at power-up. A 15s (typical) delay will always be needed, every time FAULT_EN is raised from low to high, before the device is ready for responding to any overcurrent event. [9] During power-up, this delay is 15 s in order to avoid false tripping of an Overcurrent (OC) fault. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 7 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: TA Range K, valid at TA = -40C to 125C, VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units X6BB CHARACTERISTICS Optimized Accuracy Range [1] Linear Sensing Range Noise [2] IPOA -7.5 - 7.5 A IR -14 - 14 A VNOISE(rms) TA = 25C, Sens = 100 mV/A, Cf = 0, CLOAD = 4.7 nF, RLOAD open Sensitivity [3] Sens Electrical Offset Voltage Variation Relative to VOUT(QBI) [4] VOE Total Output Error [5] - 4.05 - mV IP = 6.5 A, TA = 25C - 151 - mV/A IP = 6.5 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 151 - mV/A IP = 6.5 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 152 - mV/A IP = 0 A, TA = 25C - 10 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 11 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 40 - mV Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = 25C to 125C - 1.6 - % Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = -40C to 25C - 5.6 - % IPOA -10 - 10 A IR -24 - 24 A ETOT X10BB CHARACTERISTICS Optimized Accuracy Range [1] Linear Sensing Range Noise [2] VNOISE(rms) TA = 25C, Sens = 85 mV/A, Cf = 0, CLOAD = 4.7 nF, RLOAD open Sensitivity [3] Sens - 2.3 - mV IP = 10 A, TA = 25C - 85 - mV/A IP = 10 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 85 - mV/A IP = 10 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 85 - mV/A IP = 0 A, TA = 25C - 5 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 12 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 22 - mV Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = 25C to 125C - 1.8 - % Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = -40C to 25C - 5 - % IPOA -12.5 - 12.5 A IR -37.5 - 37.5 A - 1.50 - mV Electrical Offset Voltage Variation Relative to VOUT(QBI) [4] VOE Total Output Error [5] ETOT X12CB CHARACTERISTICS Optimized Accuracy Range [1] Linear Sensing Range Noise [2] Sensitivity [3] Electrical Offset Voltage Variation Relative to VOUT(QBI) [4] Total Output Error [5] VNOISE(rms) TA = 25C, Sens = 56 mV/A, Cf = 0, CLOAD = 4.7 nF, RLOAD open Sens VOE ETOT IP = 12.5 A, TA = 25C - 56 - mV/A IP = 12.5 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 56 - mV/A IP = 12.5 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 57 - mV/A IP = 0 A, TA = 25C - 4 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 14 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 23 - mV Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = 25C to 125C - 2.2 - % Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = -40C to 25C - 3.9 - % Continued on the next page... Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 8 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued): TA Range K, valid at TA = -40C to 125C, VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units IPOA -25 - 25 A IR -75 - 75 A - 1 - mV X25CB CHARACTERISTICS Optimized Accuracy Range [1] Linear Sensing Range Noise [2] Sensitivity [3] Electrical Offset Voltage Variation Relative to VOUT(QBI) [4] Total Output Error [5] VNOISE(rms) TA = 25C, Sens = 28 mV/A, Cf = 0, CLOAD = 4.7 nF, RLOAD open Sens VOE ETOT IP = 25 A, TA = 25C - 28 - mV/A IP = 25 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 27.9 - mV/A IP = 25 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 28.5 - mV/A IP = 0 A, TA = 25C - 3 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = 25C to 125C - 12 - mV IP = 0 A, TA = -40C to 25C - 18 - mV Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = 25C to 125C - 2.9 - % Over full scale of IPOA, IP applied for 5 ms, TA = -40C to 25C - 5.2 - % [1] Although the device is accurate over the entire linear range, the device is programmed for maximum accuracy over the range defined by IPOA. The reason for this is that in many applications, such as motor control, the start-up current of the motor is approximately three times higher than the running current. [2] V pk-pk noise (6 sigma noise) is equal to 6 x VNOISE(rms). Lower noise levels than this can be achieved by using Cf for applications requiring narrower bandwidth. See Characteristic Performance page for graphs of noise versus Cf and bandwidth versus Cf. [3] This parameter can drift by as much as 2.4% over the lifetime of this product. [4] This parameter can drift by as much as 13 mV over the lifetime of this product. [5] This parameter can drift by as much as 2.5% over the lifetime of this product. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 9 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE ACS710 Bandwidth versus External Capacitor Value, CF Capacitor connected between FILTER pin and GND 1000 Bandwidth (kHz) 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Capacitance (nF) ACS710 Noise versus External Capacitor Value, CF Capacitor connected between FILTER pin and GND 1000 900 900 800 RMS Noise (V) RMS Noise (V) ACS710x-25C V CC = 5 V 800 700 600 0 10 1600 20 30 40 600 500 300 50 10 20 30 Capacitance (nF) ACS710x-12C V CC = 5 V ACS710x-12C V CC = 3.3 V 1600 1400 1400 1200 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0 Capacitance (nF) RMS Noise (V) RMS Noise (V) 700 400 500 400 ACS710x-25C V CC = 3.3 V 40 50 40 50 1000 800 600 400 200 0 10 20 30 Capacitance (nF) 40 50 0 0 10 20 30 Capacitance (nF) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 10 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE DATA Data taken using the ACS710-6BB Accuracy Data Electrical Offset Voltage versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature 50 160.0 40 157.5 30 Sens (mV/A) VOE (mV) 20 10 0 -10 -20 152.5 150.0 147.5 145.0 -30 142.5 -40 -50 -50 155.0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 140.0 150 -50 -25 0 25 TA (C) 100.75 0.2 100.50 0.1 100.25 ESYM (%) 101.00 0.3 0 -0.1 99.50 99.25 25 50 125 150 99.75 -0.3 0 100 100.00 -0.2 -25 75 Symmetry versus Ambient Temperature 0.4 75 100 125 99.00 -50 150 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) TA (C) Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature 6.0 4.5 3.0 ETOT (%) ELIN (%) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature -0.4 -50 50 TA (C) 1.5 0 -1.5 -3.0 -4.5 -6.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) Typical Maximum Limit Mean Typical Minimum Limit Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 11 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE DATA Data taken using the ACS710-10BB Accuracy Data Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature 30 88.00 20 87.00 10 Sens (mV/A) VOE (mV) Electrical Offset Voltage versus Ambient Temperature 0 -10 -20 -30 -50 86.00 85.00 84.00 83.00 82.00 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 81.00 150 -50 -25 0 25 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 Symmetry versus Ambient Temperature 0.30 100.30 0.20 100.20 0.10 100.10 ESYM (%) 0 -0.10 -0.20 100.00 99.90 99.80 99.70 -0.30 99.60 -0.40 99.50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 99.40 -50 150 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) TA (C) Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature 4.00 3.00 2.00 ETOT (%) ELIN (%) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature -0.50 -50 50 TA (C) 1.00 0 -1.00 -2.00 -3.00 -4.00 -5.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) Typical Maximum Limit Mean Typical Minimum Limit Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 12 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE DATA Data taken using the ACS710-12CB Accuracy Data Electrical Offset Voltage versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature 58.5 25 20 58.0 Sens (mV/A) 15 VOE (mV) 10 5 0 -5 -10 57.0 56.5 56.0 -15 55.5 -20 -25 -50 57.5 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 55.0 -50 150 -25 0 25 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 Symmetry versus Ambient Temperature 100.1 ESYM (%) 100.0 99.9 99.8 99.7 99.6 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 99.5 -50 150 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) TA (C) Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature 6 5 4 3 ETOT (%) ELIN (%) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -0.25 -0.30 -0.35 -0.40 -0.45 -50 50 TA (C) 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) Typical Maximum Limit Mean Typical Minimum Limit Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 13 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE DATA Data taken using the ACS710-25CB Accuracy Data Electrical Offset Voltage versus Ambient Temperature Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature 29.6 20 29.4 15 29.2 Sens (mV/A) 25 VOE (mV) 10 5 0 -5 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.4 -10 28.2 -15 28.0 -20 27.8 -25 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 27.6 -50 150 -25 0 25 TA (C) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature 100 125 150 100.1 0.05 100.0 0 ESYM (%) -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 99.9 99.8 99.7 -0.20 -0.25 99.6 -0.30 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 99.5 -50 150 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) TA (C) Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature 6 5 4 3 ETOT (%) ELIN (%) 75 Symmetry versus Ambient Temperature 0.10 -0.35 -50 50 TA (C) 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TA (C) Typical Maximum Limit Mean Typical Minimum Limit Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 14 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 SETTING OVERCURRENT FAULT SWITCH POINT Setting 12CB and 25CB Versions The VOC needed for setting the overcurrent fault switch point can be calculated as follows: VOC = Sens x |IOC| , where VOC is in mV, Sens in mV/A, and IOC (overcurrent fault switch point) in A. |Ioc | is the overcurrent fault switch point for a bidirectional (AC) current, which means a bidirectional sensor will have two symmetrical overcurrent fault switch points, +IOC and -IOC. See the following graph for IOC and VOC ranges. IOC versus VOC (12CB and 25CB Versions) IOC 0.4 VCC / Sens Not Valid Range Valid Range 0.25 VCC / Sens 0 0. 25 VCC - 0.25 VCC / Sens 0. 4 VCC VOC - 0.4 VCC / Sens Example: For ACS710KLATR-25CB-T, if required overcurrent fault switch point is 50 A, and VCC = 5 V, then the required VOC can be calculated as follows: VOC = Sens x IOC = 28 x 50 = 1400 (mV) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 15 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection Setting 6BB and 10BB Versions The VOC needed for setting the overcurrent fault switch point can be calculated as follows: VOC = 1.17 x Sens x |IOC| , where VOC is in mV, Sens in mV/A, and IOC (overcurrent fault switch point) in A. |Ioc | is the overcurrent fault switch point for a bidirectional (AC) current, which means a bidirectional sensor will have two symmetrical overcurrent fault switch points, +IOC and -IOC. See the following graph for IOC and VOC ranges. IOC versus VOC (6BB and 10BB Versions) IOC 0.4 VCC / (1.17 x Sens) Not Valid Range Valid Range 0.25 VCC / (1.17 x Sens) 0 0.25 VCC - 0.25 VCC / (1.17 x Sens) 0.4 VCC VOC - 0.4 VCC / (1.17 x Sens) Example: For ACS710KLATR-6BB-T, if required overcurrent fault switch point is 10 A, and VCC = 5 V, then the required VOC can be calculated as follows: VOC = 1.17 x Sens x IOC = 1.17 x 151 x 10 = 1767 (mV) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 16 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Latching Versions) Overcurrent Fault Operation The primary concern with high-speed fault detection is that noise may cause false tripping. Various applications have or need to be able to ignore certain faults that are due to switching noise or other parasitic phenomena, which are application dependant. The problem with simply trying to filter out this noise in the main signal path is that in high-speed applications, with asymmetric noise, the act of filtering introduces an error into the measurement. To get around this issue, and allow the user to prevent the fault signal from being latched by noise, a circuit was designed to T pin voltage based on the value of the capacitor slew the FAUL from that pin to ground. Once the voltage on the pin falls below 2 V, as established by an internal reference, the fault output is latched and pulled to ground quickly with an internal N-channel MOSFET. Fault Walkthrough The following walkthrough references various sections and attributes in the figure below. This figure shows different fault set/reset scenarios and how they relate to the voltages on the FAULT pin, FAULT_EN pin, and the internal Overcurrent (OC) Fault node, which is invisible to the customer. 1.Because the device is enabled (FAULT_EN is high for a minimum period of time, the Fault Enable Delay, tFED, 15s typical) and there is an OC fault condition, the device FAULT pin starts discharging. A U L T pin voltage reaches approximately 2V, the 2.When the F fault is latched, and an internal NMOS device pulls the FAULT ULT pin voltage to approximately 0V. The rate at which the FA pin slews downward (see [4] in the figure) is dependent on the external capacitor, COC, on the FAULT pin. A U L T 3.When the FAULT_EN pin is brought low, the F pin starts resetting if no OC fault condition exists, and if FAULT_EN is low for a time period greater than tOCH. The VCC FAULT (Output) 2V 1 internal NMOS pull-down turns off and an internal PMOS pullup turns on (see [7] if the OCfault condition still exists). 4.The slope, and thus the delay to latch the fault is controlled by LT pin to ground. Durthe capacitor, COC, placed on the FAU LT pin is between ing this portion of the fault (when the FAU VCC and 2V), there is a 3mA constant current sink, which discharges COC. The length of the fault delay, t, is equal to: COC ( VCC - 2 V ) (1) 3 mA where VCC is the device power supply voltage in volts, t is in seconds and COC is in Farads. This formula is valid for RPU equal to or greater than 330 k. For lower-value resistors, the current flowing through the RPU resistor during a fault event, IPU, will be larger. Therefore, the current discharging the capacitor would be 3 mA - IPU and equation 1 may not be valid. A U L T pin did not reach the 2V latch point before the 5.The F OC fault condition cleared. Because of this, the fixed 3mA current sink turns off, and the internal PMOS pull-up turns on LT pin. to recharge COC through the FAU t= 6.This curve shows VCC charging external capacitor COC through the internal PMOS pull-up. The slope is determined by COC. 7.When the FAULT_EN pin is brought low, if the fault condition T pin will be pulled low by the still exists, the latched FAUL internal 3mA current source. When fault condition is removed then the Fault pin charges as shown in step 6. 8.At this point there is a fault condition, and the part is enabled LT pin can charge to VCC. This shortens the before the FAU user-set delay, so the fault is latched earlier. The new delay time can be calculated by equation 1, after substituting the LT pin for VCC. voltage seen on the FAU 1 tFED 4 6 1 6 4 8 4 5 2 4 2 6 2 7 0V 3 Time FAULT_EN (Input) OC Fault Condition (Active High) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 17 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (Non-Latching Versions) Overcurrent Fault Operation The primary concern with high-speed fault detection is that noise may cause false tripping. Various applications have or need to be able to ignore certain faults that are due to switching noise or other parasitic phenomena, which are application dependant. The problem with simply trying to filter out this noise in the main signal path is that in high-speed applications, with asymmetric noise, the act of filtering introduces an error into the measurement. To get around this issue, and allow the user to prevent the fault signal from going low due to noise, a circuit was designed to slew the FAULT pin voltage based on the value of the capacitor from that pin to ground. Once the voltage on the pin falls below 2 V, as established by an internal reference, the fault output is pulled to ground quickly with an internal N-channel MOSFET. Fault Walkthrough The following walkthrough references various sections and attributes in the figure below. This figure shows different fault set/reset scenarios and how they relate to the voltages on the FAULT pin, FAULT_EN pin, and the internal Overcurrent (OC) Fault node, which is invisible to the customer. 1.Because the device is enabled (FAULT_EN is high for a minimum period of time, the Fault Enable Delay, tFED, and there is T pin starts discharging. an OC fault condition, the device FAUL A U L T pin voltage reaches approximately 2V, an 2.When the F internal NMOS device pulls the FAULT pin voltage to approx pin slews downward imately 0V. The rate at which the FAULT (see [4] in the figure) is dependent on the external capacitor, T pin. COC, on the FAUL A U L T pin 3.When the FAULT_EN pin is brought low, the F starts resetting if FAULT_EN is low for a time period greater VCC FAULT (Output) 2V 0V 1 than tOCH. The internal NMOS pull-down turns off and an internal PMOS pull-up turns on. 4.The slope, and thus the delay to pull the fault low is controlled LT pin to ground. by the capacitor, COC, placed on the FAU LT pin is During this portion of the fault (when the FAU between VCC and 2V), there is a 3mA constant current sink, which discharges COC. The length of the fault delay, t, is equal to: COC ( VCC - 2 V ) (2) 3 mA where VCC is the device power supply voltage in volts, t is in seconds and COC is in Farads. This formula is valid for RPU equal to or greater than 330 k. For lower-value resistors, the current flowing through the RPU resistor during a fault event, IPU, will be larger. Therefore, the current discharging the capacitor would be 3 mA - IPU and equation 1 may not be valid. U LT pin did not reach the 2V latch point before the 5.The FA OC fault condition cleared. Because of this, the fixed 3mA current sink turns off, and the internal PMOS pull-up turns on LT pin. to recharge COC through the FAU t= 6.This curve shows VCC charging external capacitor COC through the internal PMOS pull-up. The slope is determined by COC. 7.At this point there is a fault condition, and the part is enabled LT pin can charge to VCC. This shortens the before the FAU user-set delay, so the fault gets pulled low earlier. The new delay time can be calculated by equation 1, after substituting ULT pin for VCC. the voltage seen on the FA 1 tFED 4 6 1 6 4 7 4 5 2 2 4 6 2 3 Time FAULT_EN (Input) OC Fault Condition (Active High) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 18 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection Chopper Stabilization Technique Chopper stabilization is an innovative circuit technique that is used to minimize the offset voltage of a Hall element and an associated on-chip amplifier. This chopper stabilization technique nearly eliminates Hall IC output drift induced by temperature or package stress effects. This offset reduction technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. Modulation is used to separate the undesired DC offset signal from the magnetically induced signal in the frequency domain. Then, using a low-pass filter, the modulated DC offset is suppressed while the magnetically induced signal passes through the filter. As a result of this chopper stabilization approach, the output voltage from the Hall IC is desensitized to the effects of temperature and mechanical stress. This technique produces devices that have an extremely stable electrical offset voltage, are immune to thermal stress, and have precise recoverability after temperature cycling. This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS process that allows the use of low-offset and low-noise amplifiers in combination with high-density logic integration and sampleand-hold circuits. Regulator Clock/Logic Amp Sample and Hold Hall Element Low-Pass Filter Concept of Chopper Stabilization Technique Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 19 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection DEFINITIONS OF ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity (Sens). The change in sensor output in response to a Accuracy is divided into four areas: 1A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the * 0 A at 25C. Accuracy of sensing zero current flow at 25C, product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G/A) and the linear without the effects of temperature. IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is pro* 0 A over temperature. Accuracy of sensing zero current grammed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the flow including temperature effects. full-scale current of the device. * Full-scale current at 25C. Accuracy of sensing the full-scale Noise (VNOISE). The product of the linear IC amplifier gain current at 25C, without the effects of temperature. (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall-effect linear IC. The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (ELIN). The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity: { [ 100 1- VIOUT_full-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) 2 (VIOUT_1/2 full-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) ) [{ * Full-scale current over temperature. Accuracy of sensing fullscale current flow including temperature effects. Ratiometry. The ratiometric feature means that its 0 A output, VIOUT(Q), (nominally equal to VCC/2) and sensitivity, Sens, are proportional to its supply voltage, VCC.The following formula is used to derive the ratiometric change in 0 A output voltage, VIOUT(Q)RAT (%). 100 VCC / 5 V The ratiometric change in sensitivity, SensRAT (%), is defined as: where VIOUT_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sensed current approximates full-scale IP . 100 Symmetry (ESYM). The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the sensor varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following formula is used to derive symmetry: 100 VIOUT(Q)VCC / VIOUT(Q)5V SensVCC / Sens5V VCC / 5 V Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Accuracy at 0 A and at Full-Scale Current Increasing VIOUT(V) Accuracy Over Temp erature VIOUT_+ full-scale amperes - VIOUT(Q) VIOUT(Q) - VIOUT_-full-scale amperes Accuracy 25C Only Quiescent output voltage (VIOUT(Q)). The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at 0.5 x VCC. For example, in the case of a bidirectional output device, VCC = 5 V translates into VIOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VIOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (VOE). The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent voltage due to nonmagnetic causes. To convert this voltage to amperes, divide by the device sensitivity, Sens. Accuracy (ETOT). The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the output voltage versus current chart at right. Note that error is directly measured during final test at Allegro. Average VIOUT Accuracy Over Temp erature IP(min) Accuracy 25C Only -IP (A) +IP (A) Full Scale IP(max) 0A Accuracy 25C Only Accuracy Over Temp erature Decreasing VIOUT(V) Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 20 ACS710 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection DEFINITIONS OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS I (%) Propagation delay (tPROP). The time required for the sensor output to reflect a change in the primary current signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the inductive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a fixed-time offset and may be compensated. Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 0 Propagation Time, tPROP I (%) Response time (tRESPONSE). The time interval between a)when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current. Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 0 Response Time, tRESPONSE Rise time (tr). The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full-scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its full-scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the current sensor, in which (-3 dB) = 0.35/tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. t I (%) t Primary Current 90 Transducer Output 10 0 Rise Time, tr Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com t 21 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 Package LA, 16-Pin SOICW 10.30 0.20 8 0 16 0.33 0.20 7.50 0.10 0.65 16 1.27 2.25 10.30 0.33 9.50 A 1.40 REF 1 2 1.27 0.40 Branded Face 16X SEATING PLANE 0.10 C 0.51 0.31 1.27 BSC 2 0.25 BSC C SEATING PLANE GAUGE PLANE C PCB Layout Reference View 2.65 MAX 0.30 0.10 For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference MS-013AA) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Terminal #1 mark area B Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion C 1 Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC7351 SOIC127P600X175-8M); all pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances NNNNNNNNNNN TTT-TTT LLLLLLLLL 1 B Standard Branding Reference View N = Device part number T = Temperature range, package - amperage L = Lot number Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 22 120 kHz Bandwidth, High-Voltage Isolation Current Sensor with Integrated Overcurrent Detection ACS710 REVISION HISTORY Number Date 9 June 17, 2013 Description 10 August 19, 2015 11 June 5, 2017 12 August 31, 2017 Added Dielectric Surge Strength Test Voltage to Isolation Characteristics table (p. 3), and Noise and Noise Density characteristics to Common Operating Characteristics table (p. 6). 13 November 13, 2017 Corrected typo in Dielectric Surge Strength Test Voltage notes of Isolation Characteristics table (p. 3) 14 December 6, 2018 Updated UL certificate number and minor editorial updates Add 10BB variant Added certificate number under UL stamp on page 1; updated Isolation Characteristics table. Updated product status 15 February 1, 2019 Updated product status to Pre-End-of-Life 16 January 30, 2020 Updated product status and minor editorial updates The products described herein are protected by U.S. patents: 7,166,807; 7,425,821; 7,573,393; and 7,598,601. Copyright 2020, Allegro MicroSystems. Allegro MicroSystems reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro's products are not to be used in any devices or systems, including but not limited to life support devices or systems, in which a failure of Allegro's product can reasonably be expected to cause bodily harm. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Copies of this document are considered uncontrolled documents. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com 23