TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 Cap-Free, NMOS, 400mA Low-Dropout Regulator with Reverse Current Protection FEATURES * * * * * * * * * * * DESCRIPTION Stable with No Output Capacitor or Any Value or Type of Capacitor Input Voltage Range of 1.7V to 5.5V Ultra-Low Dropout Voltage: 75mV typ Excellent Load Transient Response--with or without Optional Output Capacitor New NMOS Topology Delivers Low Reverse Leakage Current Low Noise: 30VRMS typ (10Hz to 100kHz) 0.5% Initial Accuracy 1% Overall Accuracy Over Line, Load, and Temperature Less Than 1A max IQ in Shutdown Mode Thermal Shutdown and Specified Min/Max Current Limit Protection Available in Multiple Output Voltage Versions - Fixed Outputs of 1.20V to 4.3V - Adjustable Output from 1.20V to 5.5V - Custom Outputs Available APPLICATIONS * * * * Portable/Battery-Powered Equipment Post-Regulation for Switching Supplies Noise-Sensitive Circuitry such as VCOs Point of Load Regulation for DSPs, FPGAs, ASICs, and Microprocessors Optional VIN The TPS736xx family of low-dropout (LDO) linear voltage regulators uses a new topology: an NMOS pass element in a voltage-follower configuration. This topology is stable using output capacitors with low ESR, and even allows operation without a capacitor. It also provides high reverse blockage (low reverse current) and ground pin current that is nearly constant over all values of output current. The TPS736xx uses an advanced BiCMOS process to yield high precision while delivering very low dropout voltages and low ground pin current. Current consumption, when not enabled, is under 1A and ideal for portable applications. The extremely low output noise (30VRMS with 0.1F CNR) is ideal for powering VCOs. These devices are protected by thermal shutdown and foldback current limit. DRB PACKAGE 3mm x 3mm SON (TOP VIEW) OUT 1 DBV PACKAGE SOT23 (TOP VIEW) N/C 2 8 IN 7 N/C NR/FB 3 GND 4 6 N/C 5 EN IN 1 GND 2 EN 3 5 OUT 4 NR/FB DCQ PACKAGE SOT223 (TOP VIEW) Optional IN TAB IS GND VOUT OUT TPS736xx EN GND NR 1 Optional IN 2 3 4 5 GND EN OUT NR/FB Typical Application Circuit for Fixed Voltage Versions Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright (c) 2003-2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ORDERING INFORMATION (1) VOUT (2) PRODUCT XX is nominal output voltage (for example, 25 = 2.5V, 01 = Adjustable (3)). YYY is package designator. Z is package quantity. TPS736xxyyyz (1) (2) (3) For the most current specification and package information, refer to the Package Option Addendum located at the end of this datasheet or see the TI website at www.ti.com. Additional output voltages from 1.25V to 4.3V in 100mV increments are available on a quick-turn basis using innovative factory EEPROM programming. Minimum order quantities apply; contact factory for details and availability. For fixed 1.2V operation, tie FB to OUT. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted (1) TPS736xx UNIT VIN range -0.3 to 6.0 V VEN range -0.3 to 6.0 V VOUT range -0.3 to 5.5 V Peak output current Internally limited Output short-circuit duration Indefinite Continuous total power dissipation See Dissipation Ratings Table Junction temperature range, TJ -55 to +150 Storage temperature range C -65 to +150 C ESD rating, HBM 2 kV ESD rating, CDM 500 V (1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under the Electrical Characteristics is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. POWER DISSIPATION RATINGS (1) BOARD PACKAGE RJC RJA DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25C TA 25C POWER RATING TA = 70C POWER RATING TA = 85C POWER RATING Low-K (2) DBV 64C/W 255C/W 3.9mW/C 390mW 215mW 155mW High-K (3) DBV 64C/W 180C/W 5.6mW/C 560mW 310mW 225mW Low-K (2) DCQ 15C/W 53C/W 18.9mW/C 1.89W 1.04W 0.76W High-K (3) (4) DRB 1.2C/W 40C/W 25.0mW/C 2.50W 1.38W 1.0W (1) (2) (3) (4) 2 See Power Dissipation in the Applications section for more information related to thermal design. The JEDEC Low-K (1s) board design used to derive this data was a 3inch x 3inch, 2-layer board with 2-ounce copper traces on top of the board. The JEDEC High-K (2s2p) board design used to derive this data was a 3inch x 3inch, multilayer board with 1-ounce internal power and ground planes and 2-ounce copper traces on the top and bottom of the board. Based on preliminary thermal simulations. TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Over operating temperature range (TJ = -40C to +125C), VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V (1), IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TJ = 25C. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS VIN Input voltage range (1) (2) VFB Internal reference (TPS73601) Accuracy (1) VOUT%/VIN TJ = 25C UNIT 5.5 V 1.210 V VFB 5.5 - VDO V +0.5 1.198 TJ = 25C -0.5 over VIN, IOUT, and T VOUT + 0.5V VIN 5.5V; 10mA IOUT 400mA -1.0 Line regulation (1) 0.01 0.002 10mA IOUT 400mA 0.0005 VDO Dropout voltage (3) (VIN = VOUT(nom) - 0.1V) IOUT = 400mA ZO(DO) Output impedance in dropout 1.7V VIN VOUT + VDO ICL Output current limit ISC Short-circuit current IGND Ground pin current ISHDN Shutdown current (IGND) IFB FB pin current (TPS73601) 75 +1.0 VOUT = 0.9 x VOUT(nom) 400 3.6V VIN 4.2V, 0C TJ 70C 500 650 % %/V %/mA 200 mV 0.25 VOUT = 0V (-IIN) 0.5 1mA IOUT 400mA Load regulation Reverse leakage 1.20 VO(nom) + 0.5V VIN 5.5V VOUT%/IOUT IREV MAX Nominal current (4) TYP 1.7 Output voltage range (TPS73601) VOUT MIN 800 mA 800 mA 450 mA VEN 0.5V, 0V VIN VOUT 0.1 10 IOUT = 10mA (IQ) 400 550 IOUT = 400mA 800 1000 VEN 0.5V, VOUT VIN 5.5 0.02 1 A 0.1 0.3 A PSRR Power-supply rejection ratio (ripple rejection) VN Output noise voltage BW = 10Hz - 100KHz COUT = 10F, No CNR 27 x VOUT COUT = 10F, CNR = 0.01F 8.5 x VOUT tSTR Startup time VEN(HI) Enable high (enabled) 1.7 VIN VEN(LO) Enable low (shutdown) 0 0.5 V IEN(HI) Enable pin current (enabled) 0.1 A TSD Thermal shutdown temperature TJ Operating junction temperature (3) (4) f = 10KHz, IOUT = 400mA 37 A f = 100Hz, IOUT = 400mA (1) (2) 58 A VOUT = 3V, RL = 30 COUT = 1F, CNR = 0.01F dB VRMS 600 VEN = 5.5V 0.02 Shutdown, temperature increasing 160 Reset, temperature decreasing 140 -40 s V C 125 C Minimum VIN = VOUT +VDO or 1.7V, whichever is greater. For VOUT(nom) <1.6V, when VIN 1.6V, the output will lock to VIN and may result in a damaging over-voltage level on the output. To avoid this situation, disable the device before powering down the VIN. VDO is not measured for the TPS73615 (VOUT(nom) = 1.5V) since minimum VIN = 1.7V. Refer to Applications section for more information. 3 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS IN 4MHz Charge Pump EN Thermal Protection Ref Servo 27k Bandgap Error Amp Current Limit OUT 8k GND R1 R1 + R2 = 80k R2 NR Figure 1. Fixed Voltage Version IN Table 1. Standard 1% Resistor Values for Common Output Voltages VO 4MHz Charge Pump EN Thermal Protection Ref Servo 27k Bandgap Error Amp GND 8k 80k R1 FB R2 Figure 2. Adjustable Voltage Version 4 R2 1.2V Short Open 1.5V 23.2k 95.3k 1.8V 28.0k 56.2k 2.5V 39.2k 36.5k 2.8V 44.2k 33.2k 3.0V 46.4k 30.9k 3.3V 52.3k 30.1k NOTE: VOUT = (R1 + R2)/R2 x 1.204; R1R2 19k for best accuracy. OUT Current Limit R1 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 PIN ASSIGNMENTS DRB PACKAGE 3mm x 3mm SON (TOP VIEW) DCQ PACKAGE SOT223 (TOP VIEW) DBV PACKAGE SOT23 (TOP VIEW) OUT 1 IN 1 GND 2 EN 3 5 TAB IS GND OUT N/C 2 NR/FB 3 GND 4 4 NR/FB 1 2 IN OUT 3 4 8 IN 7 N/C 6 N/C 5 EN 5 GND EN NR/FB Terminal Functions SOT23 (DBV) PIN NO. SOT223 (DCQ) PIN NO. 3x3 SON (DRB) PIN NO. IN 1 1 8 GND 2 3 4, Pad EN 3 5 5 Driving the enable pin (EN) high turns on the regulator. Driving this pin low puts the regulator into shutdown mode. Refer to the Shutdown section under Applications Information for more details. EN can be connected to IN if not used. NR 4 4 3 Fixed voltage versions only--connecting an external capacitor to this pin bypasses noise generated by the internal bandgap, reducing output noise to very low levels. FB 4 4 3 Adjustable voltage version only--this is the input to the control loop error amplifier, and is used to set the output voltage of the device. OUT 5 2 1 Output of the Regulator. There are no output capacitor requirements for stability. NAME DESCRIPTION Unregulated input supply Ground 5 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS For all voltage versions, at TJ = +25C, VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. LOAD REGULATION LINE REGULATION 0.20 0.5 Referred to IOUT = 10mA -40C +25C +125 C Change in VOUT (%) 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 Referred to VIN = VOUT + 0.5V at IOUT = 10mA 0.15 Change in VOUT (%) 0.4 0.10 0 -0.05 -40 C -0.10 -0.15 -0.4 -0.20 -0.5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 400 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 VIN - VOUT (V) IOUT (mA) Figure 3. Figure 4. DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE 100 100 TPS73625DBV TPS73625DBV +125 C 80 80 60 VDO (mV) VDO (mV) +25 C +125C 0.05 +25 C 40 -40C 20 50 100 150 200 250 300 40 20 0 0 60 350 0 -50 400 IOUT (mA) -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature (C) Figure 5. Figure 6. OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY HISTOGRAM OUTPUT VOLTAGE DRIFT HISTOGRAM 30 18 IOUT = 10mA 16 25 IOUT = 10mA All Voltage Versions Percent of Units (%) Percent of Units (%) 14 20 15 10 12 10 8 6 4 5 2 0 6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 VOUT Error (%) Worst Case dVOUT/dT (ppm/C) Figure 7. Figure 8. TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) For all voltage versions, at TJ = +25C, VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. GROUND PIN CURRENT vs OUTPUT CURRENT GROUND PIN CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 900 800 800 700 700 600 600 I GND (A) 1000 900 IGND (A) 1000 500 400 300 IOUT = 400mA 500 400 300 VIN = 5.5V VIN = 4V VIN = 2V 200 100 100 0 0 100 200 300 0 -50 400 -25 0 25 50 75 100 IOUT (mA) Temperature (C) Figure 9. Figure 10. CURRENT LIMIT vs VOUT (FOLDBACK) GROUND PIN CURRENT in SHUTDOWN vs TEMPERATURE 125 1 800 VENABLE = 0.5V VIN = VO + 0.5V 700 ICL 600 500 IGND (A) Current Limit (mA) VIN = 5.5V VIN = 3V VIN = 2V 200 ISC 400 300 0.1 200 100 TPS73633 0.01 -50 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0 25 50 Temperature (C) Figure 11. Figure 12. CURRENT LIMIT vs VIN 75 100 125 CURRENT LIMIT vs TEMPERATURE 800 800 750 750 700 700 Current Limit (mA) Current Limit (mA) -25 VOUT (V) 650 600 550 500 450 650 600 550 500 450 400 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 400 -50 -25 0 25 50 VIN (V) Temperature (C) Figure 13. Figure 14. 75 100 125 7 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) For all voltage versions, at TJ = +25C, VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. PSRR (RIPPLE REJECTION) vs FREQUENCY PSRR (RIPPLE REJECTION) vs VIN- VOUT 40 90 IOUT = 100mA COUT = Any Ripple Rejection (dB) 70 IOUT = 1mA COUT = 1F 35 30 IOUT = 1mA COUT = 10F 60 50 IO = 100mA CO = 1F IOUT = 1mA C OUT = Any 40 25 PSRR (dB) 80 20 15 30 20 IOUT = Any COUT = 0F 10 0 10 100 1k 10k 10 I OUT = 100mA COUT = 10F Frequency = 100kHz COUT = 10F VOUT = 2.5V 5 0 100k 1M 0 10M 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 Frequency (Hz) VIN - VOUT (V) Figure 15. Figure 16. NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY CNR = 0F NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY CNR = 0.01F 1 1.8 2.0 1 COUT = 0F 0.1 COUT = 10F eN (V/Hz) eN (V/Hz) C OUT = 1F COUT = 1F 0.1 COUT = 0F COUT = 10F IOUT = 150mA IOUT = 150mA 0.01 0.01 10 100 1k 10k 100k 10 100 1k Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) Figure 17. Figure 18. RMS NOISE VOLTAGE vs COUT 10k 100k RMS NOISE VOLTAGE vs CNR 60 140 50 120 VOUT = 5.0V VOUT = 5.0V 100 30 VN (RMS) VN (RMS) 40 VOUT = 3.3V 80 VOUT = 3.3V 60 20 40 VOUT = 1.5V 10 0 20 CNR = 0.01F 10Hz < Frequency < 100kHz 0.1 0 1 COUT (F) Figure 19. 8 10 VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 0F 10Hz < Frequency < 100kHz 1p 10p 100p CNR (F) Figure 20. 1n 10n TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) For all voltage versions, at TJ = +25C, VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. TPS73633 LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE VIN = 3.8V TPS73633 LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE COUT = 0F 100mV/tick IOUT = 400mA VOUT COUT = 0F 50mV/div COUT = 1F 50mV/tick COUT = 10F 20mV/tick VOUT VOUT VOUT COUT = 100F 50mV/div VOUT dVIN 5.5V 400mA IOUT 50mA/tick 10mA 1V/div VIN 10s/div 10s/div Figure 21. Figure 22. TPS73633 TURN-ON RESPONSE TPS73633 TURN-OFF RESPONSE RL = 1k CO UT = 0F R L = 20 C OUT = 10F VOUT RL = 20 COUT = 1F 1V/div R L = 20 C OUT = 1F 1V/div R L = 1k C OUT = 0F RL = 20 COUT = 10F VOUT 2V 2V VEN 1V/div 1V/div 0V 0V VEN 100s/div 100s/div Figure 23. Figure 24. TPS73633 POWER UP / POWER DOWN IENABLE vs TEMPERATURE 10 6 5 4 VIN VOUT IENABLE (nA) 3 Volts = 0.5V/s dt 4.5V 2 1 1 0.1 0 -1 -2 50ms/div 0.01 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Temperature ( C) Figure 25. Figure 26. 9 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) For all voltage versions, at TJ = +25C, VIN = VOUT(nom) + 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA, VEN = 1.7V, and COUT = 0.1F, unless otherwise noted. TPS73601 IFB vs TEMPERATURE 60 160 55 140 50 120 45 100 IFB (nA) VN (rms) TPS73601 RMS NOISE VOLTAGE vs CADJ 40 35 30 25 80 60 VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 0F R1 = 39.2k 10Hz < Frequency < 100kHz 20 10p 100p 40 20 1n 10n 0 -50 -25 CFB (F) 0 25 50 75 100 Figure 27. Figure 28. TPS73601 LOAD TRANSIENT, ADJUSTABLE VERSION TPS73601 LINE TRANSIENT, ADJUSTABLE VERSION CFB = 10nF R1 = 39.2k COUT = 0F 200mV/div VOUT COUT = 0F 100mV/div COUT = 10F 100mV/div COUT = 10F 200mV/div 125 Temperature (C) VOUT = 2.5V CFB = 10nF VOUT VOUT VOUT 4.5V 400mA 3.5V VIN 10mA 25s/div Figure 29. 10 IOUT 5s/div Figure 30. TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION The TPS736xx belongs to a family of new generation LDO regulators that use an NMOS pass transistor to achieve ultra-low-dropout performance, reverse current blockage, and freedom from output capacitor constraints. These features, combined with low noise and an enable input, make the TPS736xx ideal for portable applications. This regulator family offers a wide selection of fixed output voltage versions and an adjustable output version. All versions have thermal and over-current protection, including foldback current limit. Figure 31 shows the basic circuit connections for the fixed voltage models. Figure 32 gives the connections for the adjustable output version (TPS73601). R1 and R2 can be calculated for any output voltage using the formula in Figure 32. Sample resistor values for common output voltages are shown in Figure 2. For best accuracy, make the parallel combination of R1 and R2 approximately 19k. Optional input capacitor. May improve source impedance, noise, or PSRR. VIN Optional output capacitor. May improve load transient, noise, or PSRR. IN VOUT OUT TPS736xx EN GND NR Optional bypass capacitor to reduce output noise. Figure 31. Typical Application Circuit for Fixed-Voltage Versions Optional input capacitor. May improve source impedance, noise, or PSRR. VIN IN EN Optional output capacitor. May improve load transient, noise, or PSRR. OUT TPS736xx GND VOUT R1 CFB (R1 + R2) R1 x 1.204 Although an input capacitor is not required for stability, it is good analog design practice to connect a 0.1F to 1F low ESR capacitor across the input supply near the regulator. This will counteract reactive input sources and improves transient response, noise rejection, and ripple rejection. A higher-value capacitor may be necessary if large, fast rise-time load transients are anticipated or the device is located several inches from the power source. The TPS736xx does not require an output capacitor for stability and has maximum phase margin with no capacitor. It is designed to be stable for all available types and values of capacitors. In applications where VIN - VOUT < 0.5V and multiple low ESR capacitors are in parallel, ringing may occur when the product of COUT and total ESR drops below 50nF. Total ESR includes all parasitic resistances, including capacitor ESR and board, socket, and solder joint resistance. In most applications, the sum of capacitor ESR and trace resistance will meet this requirement. Output Noise A precision band-gap reference is used to generate the internal reference voltage, VREF. This reference is the dominant noise source within the TPS736xx and it generates approximately 32VRMS (10Hz to 100kHz) at the reference output (NR). The regulator control loop gains up the reference noise with the same gain as the reference voltage, so that the noise voltage of the regulator is approximately given by: V N 32VRMS V (R1 R2) 32VRMS OUT R2 VREF (1) Since the value of VREF is 1.2V, this relationship reduces to: V RMS V N(VRMS) 27 V OUT(V) V (2) for the case of no CNR. FB R2 VOUT = Input and Output Capacitor Requirements Optional capacitor reduces output noise and improves transient response. Figure 32. Typical Application Circuit for Adjustable-Voltage Versions An internal 27k resistor in series with the noise reduction pin (NR) forms a low-pass filter for the voltage reference when an external noise reduction capacitor, CNR, is connected from NR to ground. For CNR = 10nF, the total noise in the 10Hz to 100kHz bandwidth is reduced by a factor of ~3.2, giving the approximate relationship: V RMS V N(VRMS) 8.5 V OUT(V) V (3) for CNR = 10nF. 11 TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 This noise reduction effect is shown as RMS Noise Voltage vs CNR in the Typical Characteristics section. The TPS73601 adjustable version does not have the noise-reduction pin available. However, connecting a feedback capacitor, CFB , from the output to the FB pin will reduce output noise and improve load transient performance. The TPS736xx uses an internal charge pump to develop an internal supply voltage sufficient to drive the gate of the NMOS pass element above VOUT. The charge pump generates ~250V of switching noise at ~4MHz; however, charge-pump noise contribution is negligible at the output of the regulator for most values of IOUT and COUT. Board Layout Recommendation to Improve PSRR and Noise Performance To improve ac performance such as PSRR, output noise, and transient response, it is recommended that the board be designed with separate ground planes for VIN and VOUT, with each ground plane connected only at the GND pin of the device. In addition, the ground connection for the bypass capacitor should connect directly to the GND pin of the device. Internal Current Limit The TPS736xx internal current limit helps protect the regulator during fault conditions. Foldback helps to protect the regulator from damage during output short-circuit conditions by reducing current limit when VOUT drops below 0.5V. See Figure 11 in the Typical Characteristics section for a graph of IOUT vs VOUT. Shutdown The Enable pin is active high and is compatible with standard TTL-CMOS levels. VEN below 0.5V (max) turns the regulator off and drops the ground pin current to approximately 10nA. When shutdown capability is not required, the Enable pin can be connected to VIN. When a pull-up resistor is used, and operation down to 1.8V is required, use pull-up resistor values below 50k. Dropout Voltage The TPS736xx uses an NMOS pass transistor to achieve extremely low dropout. When (VIN - VOUT) is less than the dropout voltage (VDO), the NMOS pass device is in its linear region of operation and the input-to-output resistance is the RDS-ON of the NMOS pass element. 12 For large step changes in load current, the TPS736xx requires a larger voltage drop from VIN to VOUT to avoid degraded transient response. The boundary of this transient dropout region is approximately twice the dc dropout. Values of VIN - VOUT above this line insure normal transient response. Operating in the transient dropout region can cause an increase in recovery time. The time required to recover from a load transient is a function of the magnitude of the change in load current rate, the rate of change in load current, and the available headroom (VIN to VOUT voltage drop). Under worst-case conditions [full-scale instantaneous load change with (VIN - VOUT) close to dc dropout levels], the TPS736xx can take a couple of hundred microseconds to return to the specified regulation accuracy. Transient Response The low open-loop output impedance provided by the NMOS pass element in a voltage follower configuration allows operation without an output capacitor for many applications. As with any regulator, the addition of a capacitor (nominal value 1F) from the output pin to ground will reduce undershoot magnitude but increase duration. In the adjustable version, the addition of a capacitor, CFB, from the output to the adjust pin will also improve the transient response. The TPS736xx does not have active pull-down when the output is over-voltage. This allows applications that connect higher voltage sources, such as alternate power supplies, to the output. This also results in an output overshoot of several percent if load current quickly drops to zero when a capacitor is connected to the output. The duration of overshoot can be reduced by adding a load resistor. The overshoot decays at a rate determined by output capacitor COUT and the internal/external load resistance. The rate of decay is given by: (Fixed Voltage Version) dVdt VOUT C OUT 80k R LOAD (4) (Adjustable Voltage Version) dVdt V OUT C OUT 80k (R 1 R 2) R LOAD (5) TPS736xx www.ti.com SBVS038K - SEPTEMBER 2003 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2005 Reverse Current expected ambient temperature and worst-case load. The NMOS pass element of the TPS736xx provides inherent protection against current flow from the output of the regulator to the input when the gate of the pass device is pulled low. To ensure that all charge is removed from the gate of the pass element, the enable pin must be driven low before the input voltage is removed. If this is not done, the pass element may be left on due to stored charge on the gate. The internal protection circuitry of the TPS736xx has been designed to protect against overload conditions. It was not intended to replace proper heat sinking. Continuously running the TPS736xx into thermal shutdown will degrade reliability. After the enable pin is driven low, no bias voltage is needed on any pin for reverse current blocking. Note that reverse current is specified as the current flowing out of the IN pin due to voltage applied on the OUT pin. There will be additional current flowing into the OUT pin due to the 80k internal resistor divider to ground (see Figure 1 and Figure 2). For the TPS73601, reverse current may flow when VFB is more than 1.0V above VIN. Thermal Protection Thermal protection disables the output when the junction temperature rises to approximately 160C, allowing the device to cool. When the junction temperature cools to approximately 140C, the output circuitry is again enabled. Depending on power dissipation, thermal resistance, and ambient temperature, the thermal protection circuit may cycle on and off. This limits the dissipation of the regulator, protecting it from damage due to overheating. Any tendency to activate the thermal protection circuit indicates excessive power dissipation or an inadequate heat sink. For reliable operation, junction temperature should be limited to 125C maximum. To estimate the margin of safety in a complete design (including heat sink), increase the ambient temperature until the thermal protection is triggered; use worst-case loads and signal conditions. For good reliability, thermal protection should trigger at least 35C above the maximum expected ambient condition of your application. This produces a worst-case junction temperature of 125C at the highest Power Dissipation The ability to remove heat from the die is different for each package type, presenting different considerations in the PCB layout. The PCB area around the device that is free of other components moves the heat from the device to the ambient air. Performance data for JEDEC low and high K boards are shown in the Power Dissipation Ratings table. Using heavier copper will increase the effectiveness in removing heat from the device. The addition of plated through-holes to heat-dissipating layers will also improve the heat-sink effectiveness. Power dissipation depends on input voltage and load conditions. Power dissipation is equal to the product of the output current times the voltage drop across the output pass element (VIN to VOUT): P D (VIN VOUT) I OUT (6) Power dissipation can be minimized by using the lowest possible input voltage necessary to assure the required output voltage. Package Mounting Solder pad footprint recommendations for the TPS736xx are presented in Application Bulletin Solder Pad Recommendations for Surface-Mount Devices (AB-132), available from the Texas Instruments web site at www.ti.com. 13 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 24-Feb-2006 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TPS73601DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73601DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73601DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73601DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73601DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DCQG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Call TI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DRBR ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DRBRG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DRBT ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73601DRBTG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS736125DRBR ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS736125DRBRG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS736125DRBT ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS736125DRBTG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73615DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73615DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73615DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73615DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DCQG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DRBR ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Addendum-Page 1 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 24-Feb-2006 Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TPS73615DRBRG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DRBT ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73615DRBTG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73618DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73618DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73618DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73618DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73618DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73618DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73618DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73625DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73625DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73625DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73625DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73625DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73625DCQG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73625DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73625DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Call TI Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73630DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73630DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73630DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73630DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73630DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73630DCQG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73630DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73630DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Addendum-Page 2 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 24-Feb-2006 Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TPS73632DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73632DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73632DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73632DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73633DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73633DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73633DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73633DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM TPS73633DCQ ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DCQG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DCQR ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DCQRG4 ACTIVE SOT-223 DCQ 6 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DRBR ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DRBRG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DRBT ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73633DRBTG4 ACTIVE SON DRB 8 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73643DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73643DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73643DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS73643DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered Addendum-Page 3 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 24-Feb-2006 at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. 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