Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
A
B SO LUTE MAX I MUM RAT INGS
Operating Temperature
S
.....................................................
–20 to +85ºC
E
.....................................................
–40 to +85ºC
Supply Voltage, Vcc
...........................................
16 V
Output Voltage
...................................................
16 V
Output Current Source
.....................................
3 mA
Output Current Sink
........................................
10 mA
Maximum Storage Temperature
......................
170°C
Maximum Junction Temperature
....................
165°C
123
4
5
Pin 1: V
CC
Pin 2: Gnd
Pin 3: Output
Terminal 4: I
p+
Terminal 5: I
p-
Features and Bene ts
•
Monolithic Hall IC for high reliability
•
Single +5 V supply
•
High isolation voltage
•
Lead-free
•
UL recognized
•
Automotive temperature range available
•
End-of-line factory-trimmed for gain and offset
•
Ultra-low power loss: low resistance of primary conductor
•
Ratiometric output from supply voltage
•
Low thermal drift of offset voltage
•
On-chip transient protection
•
Small package size, with easy mounting capability
Applications
•
Industrial systems
•
Motor control
•
Power conversion
•
Battery monitors
•
Automotive systems
The Allegro ACS750 family of current sensors provides economical and precise
solutions for current sensing in industrial, commercial, automotive, and com-
munications systems. The device package allows easy implementation by the
customer. Typical applications include: motor control, load detection and man-
agement, switched mode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection.
The sensor consists of a precision linear Hall IC, which is optimized to an internal
magnetic circuit to increase device sensitivity. The combination of a precisely
controlled self-aligning assembly process (patents pending), and the factory pro-
grammed precision of the linear Hall sensor, result in high-level performance and
product uniformity.
The primary conductor used for current sensing (terminals 4 and 5) is designed
for extremely low power loss. These power terminals also are electrically isolated
from the sensor leads (pins 1, 2, and 3). This allows the ACS750 family of sen-
sors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation, without using opto-
isolators or other costly isolation techniques.
The output of this device has a positive slope (>V
CC
/ 2) when an increasing cur-
rent ows from terminal 4 to terminal 5.
The ACS750 family is lead-free. All leads are coated with 100% matte tin, and
there is no lead inside the package. The heavy gauge leadframe is made of
oxygen-free copper.
Always order by complete part number:
Always order by complete part number:
ACS750SCA-100
ACS750ECA-100
TÜV America
Certi cate Number:
U8V 04 11 54214 002
2
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Amp Out
VCC
+5V
Pin 1
Pin 3
Output
Gnd
Pin 2
IP+
Terminal 4
Filter
Dynamic Offset
Cancellation
IP
Terminal 5
0.1 µF
Functional Block Diagram
3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS,
over temperature unless otherwise stated
Characteristic
Symbol
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Primary Sensed Current
I
P
–100
–
100
A
Supply Voltage
V
CC
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Supply Current
I
CC
V
cc
= 5.0 V, output open
–
7
10
mA
Output Resistance
R
OUT
I
OUT
= 1.2 mA
–
1
2
Ω
Primary Conductor Resistance
R
PRIMARY
I
P
= ±100A, T
A
= ±100A, TA
= ±100A, T
= +25°C
A = +25°C
A
–
130
–
μΩ
Isolation Voltage
V
ISO
Pins 1-3 and 4-5, 60 Hz, 1 minute
3.0
–
–
kV
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -20°C to +85°C
, V
CC
= 5 V unless otherwise speci ed
Propagation time
t
PROP
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
4
–
μs
Response time
t
RESPONSE
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
27
–
μs
Rise time
t
r
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
26
–
μs
Frequency Bandwidth
f
–3 dB, T = 25°C
–
13
–
kHz
Sensitivity
Sens
±I
P
, T = 25°C
18.75
19.75
20.75
mV/A
±I
P
17.5
–
21.5
mV/A
Noise
V
NOISE
Peak-to-peak, T = 25°C
External lter BW = 24 kHz
–
7
–
mV
Nonlinearity
E
LIN
±I
P
–
–
±5
%
Symmetry
E
SYM
±I
P
97
100
103
%
Zero Current Output Voltage
V
OUT(Q)
I = 0 A, T = 25°C
–
2.5
–
V
Electrical Offset Voltage
(Magnetic error not included)
V
OE
I = 0 A, T = 25°C
–40
–
40
mV
I = 0 A
–50
–
50
mV
Magnetic Offset Error
V
OM
I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A
–
±0.3
±0.8
A
Total Output Error
(Including all offsets)
E
TOT
±I
P
, T = 25°C
–
±1.5
–
%
±I
P
–
–
±13
%
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -40°C to +85°C
, V
CC
= 5 V unless otherwise speci ed
Propagation time
t
PROP
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
4
–
μs
Response time
t
RESPONSE
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
27
–
μs
Rise time
t
r
I
P
= ±50 A, T = +25°C
–
26
–
μs
Frequency Bandwidth
f
–3 dB, T = 25°C
–
13
–
kHz
Sensitivity
Sens
±I
P
, T = 25°C
18.75
19.75
20.75
mV/A
±I
P
17.5
–
21.5
mV/A
Noise
V
NOISE
Peak-to-peak; T = +25°C
External lter BW = 40 kHz
–
7
–
mV
Nonlinearity
E
LIN
±I
P
–
–
±5
%
Symmetry
E
SYM
±I
P
97
100
103
%
Zero Current Output Voltage
V
OUT(Q)
I = 0 A
–
2.5
–
V
Electrical Offset Voltage
(Magnetic error not included)
V
OE
I = 0 A, T = 25°C
–40
–
40
mV
I = 0 A
–60
–
60
mV
Magnetic Offset Error
V
OM
I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A
–
0.3
±0.8
A
Total Output Error
(Including all offsets)
E
TOT
±I
P
, T = 25°C
–
±1.5
–
%
±I
P
–
–
±15
%
4
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Typical Performance Characteristics
Supply Current
Vcc = 5 V
6
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
Temperature (°C)
Icc (mA)
Sensitivity
Vcc = 5 V
0
5
10
15
20
25
-100 -75 -50 -25 25 50 75 100
Primary Current (A)
Sensitivity (mV/A)
–40 C
–20 C
25 C
85 C
Vout vs Primary Current
Vcc = 5 V
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Primary Current (A)
Vout (V)
–40 C
–20 C
25 C
85 C
Non-Linearity
Vcc = 5 V
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
Temperature (°C)
Linearity at -100 A (%)
Ip =
–100 A
Vcc = 5 V
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
Temperature (°C)
Linearity at 100 (%)
Ip = 100 A
Symmetry
Vcc = 5 V
99.5
99.6
99.7
99.8
99.9
100
100.1
100.2
100.3
100.4
100.5
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
Temperature (ºC)
Symmetry (%)
Ip = 100 A
Non-Linearity
5
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Magnetic Offset
Vcc = 5 V
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Temperature ( C)
Magnetic Offset (A)
I = 0 A, after excursion to 100 A
0 Ampere Accuracy Error
Vcc = 5 V
Without Offset
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
0 Ampere Accuracy (A)
Temperature ( C)
Typical Performance Characteristics
6
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Sensitivity (Sens):
The change in sensor output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the
product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC ampli er gain (mV/G). The linear IC ampli er gain is trimmed at the
factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device.
Noise (V
NOISE
):
The product of the linear IC ampli er gain (mV/G) and the noise oor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (≈1 G).
The noise oor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/
A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve.
Linearity (E
LIN
):
The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through
its full-scale amplitude. Linearity reveals the maximum deviation from the ideal transfer curve for this transducer. Nonlinearity in the
output can be attributed to the gain variation across temperature and saturation of the ux concentrator approaching the full-scale cur-
rent. The following equation is used to derive the linearity:
De nitions of Accuracy Characteristics
100 1–
[{
[{
Vout_full-scale amperes –VOUT(Q)
gain % sat ( )
2 (Vout_half-scale amperes –VOUT(Q) )
100
[
[
Vout_+full-scale amperes –VOUT(Q)
VOUT(Q) –Vout_–full-scale amperes
where
∆ gain = the gain variation as a function of temperature changes from 25ºC,
% sat = the percentage of saturation of the ux concentrator, which becomes signi cant as the current
being sensed approaches full-scale ±I
P
, and
V
out_full-scale amperes
V
out_full-scale amperes
V
= the output voltage (V) when the sensed current approximates full-scale ±I
P
.
Symmetry (E
SYM
):
The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the sensor varies in proportion to either a positive or nega-
tive full-scale primary current. The following equation is used to derive symmetry:
Quiescent output voltage (V
OUT(Q)
):
The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it
nominally remains at V
CC
⁄ 2. Thus, V
CC ⁄ 2. Thus, V
CC
CC
= 5 V translates into V
OUT(Q)
= 2.5 V. Variation in V
OUT(Q)
can be attributed to the resolution
of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim, magnetic hysteresis, and thermal drift.
Electrical offset voltage (V
OE
):
The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of V
CC
⁄ 2 due to nonmagnetic causes.
CC ⁄ 2 due to nonmagnetic causes.
CC
Magnetic offset error (V
OM
):
The magnetic offset is due to the residual magnetism (remnant eld) of the core material. The magnetic
offset error is highest when the magnetic circuit has been saturated, usually when the device has been subjected to a full-scale or high-
current overload condition. The magnetic offset is largely dependent on the material used as a ux concentrator. The larger magnetic
offsets are observed at the lower operating temperatures.
Accuracy (E
TOT
):
The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the
total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the Output Voltage versus Current chart on the following page.
Accuracy is divided into four areas:
•
0 A at 25°C:
Accuracy of sensing zero current ow at 25°C, without the effects of temperature.
•
0 A over temperature:
Accuracy of sensing zero current ow including temperature effects.
•
Full-scale current at 25°C:
Accuracy of sensing the full-scale current at 25°C, without the effects of temperature.
•
Full-scale current over Δ temperature:
Accuracy of sensing full-scale current ow including temperature effects.
7
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
+IP(A)
Accuracy
Accuracy
Accuracy
25°C Only
Accuracy
25°C Only
Accuracy
25°C Only
Accuracy
0 A
v rO e �Temperature
Average
VOUT
Decreasing VOUT (V)
–IP(A)
v rO e �Temperature
v rO e �Temperature
Increasing VOUT (V)
–100 A 100 A
Full Scale
Output voltage vs. current, illustrating sensor accuracy at 0 A and at full-scale current
8
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
De nitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics
Propagation delay (t
PROP
):
The time required for the sensor output to re ect a change in the primary current
signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the induc-
tive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a xed time offset
and may be compensated.
Response time (t
RESPONSE
):
The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its
nal value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current.
Rise time (t
r
):
The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when
it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the
current sensor, in which ƒ(–3 dB) = 0.35 / t
r
. Both t
r
and t
r and t
r
RESPONSE
are detrimentally affected by eddy current
losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane and, to varying degrees, in the ferrous ux concentrator
within the current sensor package.
Primary Current
Transducer Output
90
0
I (%)
Propagation Time, tPROP
t
Primary Current
Transducer Output
90
0
I (%)
Response Time, tRESPONSE t
Primary Current
Transducer Output
90
10
0
I (%)
Rise Time, trt
9
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Peak to Peak Noise, applying low-pass lter to ACS750 output
Low Pass Filter Break Frequency
Typical Peak to Peak Noise
Un ltered
22.7 mV
1.4 MHz
21 mV
24 kHz
7.1 mV
Step Response, I
PRIMARY
= 0 to 50 A
PRIMARY = 0 to 50 A
PRIMARY
Standards and Physical Speci cations
Parameter
Speci cation
Flammability (package molding compound)
UL recognized to UL 94V-0
Safety
UL recognized to EN 50178
Fire and Electric Shock
UL60950-1:2003
EN60950-1:2001
CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003
Creepage distance, current terminals to sensor pins
7.25 mm
Clearance distance, current terminals to sensor pins
7.25 mm
Package mass
4.18 g typical
ACS750 Output (mV)
ACS750 Output (mV)
Applied Step (A)
Applied Step (A)
10
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
Package CA
11
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
ACS750100-DS Rev.4
Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-100
The products described herein are manufactured under one
or
more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783;
5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319;
5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other
patents pending.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time
to time, such de par tures from the detail spec i ca tions as may be
required to permit improvements in the per for mance, reliability,
or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the
user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is
current.
Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical compo-
nents in life-support devices or sys tems without express written
approval.
The in for ma tion in clud ed herein is believed to be ac cu rate and
reliable. How ev er, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no re spon -
si bil i ty for its use; nor for any in fringe ment of patents or other
rights of third parties which may result from its use.
