Technical Information SALES PROGRAM AND TECHNICAL HANDBOOK Primary Lithium Cells LiMnO2 Primary Lithium Cells CONTENT 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 3-8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Constructions of Lithium Cells Characteristics and Applications Applications for Primary Lithium Cells Selection Guide 4-5 6 7 8 2. CR PRIMARY LITHIUM BUTTON CELLS 9 - 18 2.1 2.2 2.3 Types - Technical Data Assemblies Performance Data 10 11-13 14 -18 3. CR HIGH CAPACITY PRIMARY LITHIUM CYLINDRICAL CELLS 19 - 24 3.1 3.2 3.3 Types - Technical Data Assemblies Performance Data 20 21 22 - 24 4. CR HIGH POWER PRIMARY LITHIUM CYLINDRICAL CELLS 25 - 30 4.1 4.2 4.3 Types - Technical Data Assemblies Performance Data 26 26 27- 30 5. GENERAL DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS 31- 37 5.1 5.2 Safety Tests Safety Guidelines 33 34- 35 Subject to change without further notice. No responsibility for the correctness of this information. For latest technical data please refer to our data sheets which you will find on our website www.varta-microbattery.com. (c) by VARTA Microbattery GmbH 1. GENERAL INFORMATION The VARTA Microbattery lithium manganese dioxide cell chemistry was one of the first solid cathode cells commercially developed and is still the most widely used system today. These cells offer an excellent shelf life, good high-rate and low-rate capability, a wide operating temperature range and availability in button and cylindrical cell designs. Potential design-in applications for these products are electronic, telecommunication, metering, instrumentation, office and other portable equipment use. Based on the outstanding cell performance and reliability of these products, they have been able to meet and exceed the requirements of our customer base worldwide. Advantages for VARTA Microbattery LiMnO2 Cells High open circuit and load voltage (above 3.0 volts per cell) High energy density (400 Wh/kg and 600 Wh/l) High capacity and high rate cell construction Operation over a wide temperature range Flat discharge profile under low to medium rate applications Low self discharge (less than 1% per year at RT) Superior shelf life and operational life (Up to 10 years and more) UL Recognition Ability to provide a variety of laser welded termination tabs for all cell types Energy Density for Primary Systems FIG. 1 Comparison of different primary battery systems A = Lithium B = Silver-oxide C = Alkaline D = Zinc-chloride page 2 | 3 Primary Lithium Cells 1.1 CONSTRUCTIONS OF LITHIUM CELLS VARTA Microbattery offers a complete range of primary lithium manganese dioxide cylindrical and button cells for memory backup and portable applications worldwide. The cylindrical cell configurations offer the high-capacity bobbin construction and high-power spirally wound product. The bobbin construction is targeted at low to moderate power requirements, dedicated for applications requiring up to a 10 years operational life at 20C. Our spirally wound electrode product offers high-rate discharge capability, with an operational life in excess of 5 years. For compact and light weight equipment use we have a complete range of high performance primary lithium button cells. Lithium Cylindrical Batteries FIG. 2 - BOBBIN CONSTRUCTION - Schematic construction of a Li/MnO2 cylindrical cell (CR 1/2 AA). Negative Contact Gasket Laser Welding Lid Negative Collector Electrolyte MnO2 Ring Lithium Separator + FIG. 3 - SPIRAL CONSTRUCTION + Schematic construction of a Li/MnO2 cylindrical cell (CR 2/3 AH). Positive Contact Positive Cap PTC Device Gasket Lid Positive Tab Anode (Lithium) Electrolyte + Separator Cathode (MnO2) - Negative Tab Negative Can Insulator Plate Lithium Button Cells FIG. 4 Schematic construction of a Li/MnO2 Button Cell Lid (Negative Terminal) Negative Electrode (Li) Gasket Can (Positive Terminal) Organic Electrolyte + Separator Positive Electrode (MnO2) Sealing Technologies FIG. 5 - CRIMP-SEALING CR High Power Cylindrical Cells Positive Cap PTC Device Gasket Lid FIG. 6 - LASER-SEALING Lid Negative Contact Laser Welding CR High Capacity Cylindrical Cells Gasket page 4 | 5 Primary Lithium Cells 1.2 CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS Main Applications They are therefore ideally suited as power sources for the long term supply of microelectronic circuitry. Both mechanical and electrical properties, together with reliability, ensure that VARTA Microbattery lithium batteries meet the requirements of modern electronics. Main Characteristics Long life expectancy and long operational life Low self discharge rate High energy density High cell voltage (3 V) Wide temperature range High operating safety High reliability Resistance to corrosion with stainless steel case No leakage problems with an organic non-corrosive electrolyte Temperature characteristics FIG. 7 Temperature characteristics of CR 1/2 AA and CR AA cylindrical cells (Load: 5.6 k CR AA, 12 k CR 1/2 AA) A = -40C B = +80C C = +60C D = -20C E = +23C CR Series Button Cells CR Series Cylindrical Cells Series System properties of VARTA Microbattery Lithium Cells System Li / MnO 2 Li / MnO 2 Gravimetric energy density 250 - 300 Wh / kg 250 - 300 Wh / kg Nominal voltage 3.0 V 3.0 V Open circuit voltage 3.2 V 3.2 V Available capacity range 950 - 2000 mAh 25 - 560 mAh Storage life >10 years 1) >10 years 1) Self discharge d = 20 C <1 % p. a. <1% p. a. Operating temperature -30 ... +75 C 2) -20 ... +65 C range (short term) 3) -40 ... + 80 C 4) -40 ... + 80 C 4) Storage temperature 5) -55 ... +75 C 2) -55...+ 70 C Maximum temperature TAB. 1 1) CR 2/3 AH, CR 2, (> 5 years) 2) CR 2/3 AH (-20 ... +65 C) 3) max. two weeks 4) A-range 5) Recommended room temperature Main power source Memory backup Cylindrical Cells (Bobbin construction) Memory backup Memory backup Cylindrical Cells (Spirally wound) Main power source Button Cells Main power source Applications 1.3 APPLICATIONS FOR PRIMARY LITHIUM CELLS Telecommunications + + + + Std. Telephone Cordless Telephone Cellular Telephone Mobile Radio PABX + + + + + + + + Utility Meters + Gas Meter + + + + Heat Distribution Meter Electric Meter + Water Meter Office Automation + Computer + + + + Printer Fax Vending Machine Electronic Typewriter + + + Copy Machine Process Control Equipment + Taxi Meter Transponder Intelligent Tagging + + + Electric Parking Meter + Data Logger + Dive Computer + Consumer Products Electronic Games Watch / Clock Calculator + + + + Compass + + Car Radio Video Recorder + + + Automotive Car lock system Dashboard Security + + + + TAB. 2 Application list page 6 | 7 Primary Lithium Cells 1.4 SELECTION GUIDE To enable battery selection the following is required: discharge current and maximum discharge time - capacity operating temperature range - self discharge - surplus capacity requirement cell size FIG. 8 CAPACITY RETENTION Capacity retention characteristics of VARTA Microbattery Lithium Cells Cylindrical Cells CR...AA and CR...A FIG. 9 STORAGE BEHAVIOR Typical storage behaviour at room temperature 21C of CR 1/2 AA FIG. 10 BATTERY SELECTION DIAGRAMM Discharge current/ Operating time 2. CR PRIMARY LITHIUM BUTTON CELLS page 8 | 9 Primary Lithium Cells 2.1 TYPES - TECHNICAL DATA Weight (g) CR 2450 Max. discharge current (pulse) (mA) Max. discharge current (continuous) (mA) CR 2032 Standard load (k) CR 2025 Typical capacity 1) (mAh) CR 2016 Nominal voltage (V) CR 1616 Order No. Type CR 1216 CR 1/3 N 6131 101 501 3 170 5.6 20 80 3.0 2 CR 1/3 N (p 28 pxl) 6231 210 501 6 170 13 20 80 8.8 CR 1216 6216 101 501 3 27 39 2 5 0.7 CR 1220 6220 101 501 3 35 39 2 5 0.8 CR 1616 6616 101 501 3 55 39 3 8 1.2 CR 1620 6620 101 501 3 70 20 3 8 1.2 CR 2016 6016 101 501 3 90 15 3 10 1.8 CR 2025 6025 101 501 3 165 10 3 10 2.5 CR 2032 6032 101 501 3 230 5.6 3 10 3.0 CR 2430 6430 101 501 3 280 5.6 3 20 4.0 CR 2450 6450 101 501 3 560 5.6 2 20 6.2 TAB. 3 Technical data, CR Primary Lithium Button Cells 1) Nominal capacity is determined to an end voltage of 2.0 V (type 2 CR 1/3 N: 4.0 V) when the battery is allowed to discharge at standard load level at 20C 2.2 ASSEMBLIES Fig. No. L I G - - - - 11 - 10.0 1.0 0.3 11.5 0.5 12.0 0.15 - 1.0 0.3 3.0 - - 14 tag 0.25 mm CR 1/3 N LF 6131 301 501 - - - 11.5 12.0 - - 19.0 4.0 13 - - 7.8 - - - Remarks 0.4 1.0 K 10.8 13.0 H B 11.6 6131 201 501 E A 6131 101 501 CR 1/3 N SLF D Order No. CR 1/3 N C Type F CR 1/3 N tag 0.25 mm 180 2 CR 1/3 N ( p 28 pxl ) 6231 210 501 13.0 25.1 1.1 0.6 5.5 3 CR 1/3 N 6331 101 501 12.2 32.2 0.4 - 7.8 6.0 - - - - - - 12 - - - - - - 11 - TAB. 4 Tag material: nickel plated sheet-steel. SLF: tip tinned. Custom made assemblies are available on request for large volume. FIG. 11 FIG. 12 FIG. 13 LF FIG. 14 SLF page 10 | 11 Fig. No. L I G - 10.0 - - - - - - 15 0.3 - 10.0 - - - - - - 15 CR 1616 6616 101 501 16.0 1.6 0.2 - 12.0 - - - - - - 15 CR 1620 6620 101 501 16.0 2.0 0.02 - 12.9 - - - - - - 15 CR 2016 6016 101 501 20.0 1.6 0.1 - - - - - - - - 15 CR 2016 SLF 6016 201 501 21.3 1.0 10.0 0.15 1.0 0.3 2.1 0.5 20.3 0.15 - 4.5 - - 16 tag 0.25 mm CR 2016 LF 6016 301 501 20.0 - - - 1.9 20.0 - - - 10.0 4.0 17 tag 0.15 mm CR 2016 PCB 6016 401 501 20.0 1.0 10.0 9.1 1.6 17.8 7.3 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 18 tag 0.15 mm CR 2016 SMT 6016 301 012 20.5 3.5 1.8 3.0 2.2 - - - - - - CR 2025 6025 101 501 20.0 2.5 - - - - - - CR 2025 SLF 6025 201 501 21.3 1.0 10.0 0.2 1.0 0.3 3.0 0.5 20.3 0.15 - 4.5 - - 16 tag 0.25 mm CR 2025 LF 6025 301 501 20.0 - - - 2.8 20.3 - - - 10.0 4.0 17 tag 0.15 mm CR 2025 PCB 6025 401 501 20.0 1.0 10.0 10.0 2.5 17.8 7.3 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 18 tag 0.15 mm 0.2 - - 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.3 15 TAB. 5.1 Tag material: nickel plated sheet-steel. SLF: tip tinned. Custom made assemblies are available on request for large volume. FIG. 15 FIG. 16 SLF FIG. 17 LF Remarks 0.2 2.0 K 1.6 12.5 H B 12.5 6220 101 501 E A 6216 101 501 CR 1220 D Order No. CR 1216 C Type F Primary Lithium Cells FIG. 18 PCB 3 0.02 - 10.0 16.5 1.0 4.2 - - 20.3 - - Remarks Fig. No. L K I H G 1.0 F B 3.2 21.5 E A 20.0 6032 201 501 D Order No. 6032 101 501 CR 2032 SLF C Type CR 2032 - - - 15 - 1.0 4.5 - - 16 tag 0.25 mm CR 2032 LF 6032 301 501 - - - - 3.2 20.3 - - - 10 4.0 17 tag 0.15 mm CR 2032 PCB 3 6032 401 501 20.0 1.0 10.0 11.0 3.2 17.8 7.5 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 18 tag 0.25 mm CR 2032 PCB 2 6032 701 501 20.0 1.0 - 11.0 3.2 17.8 7.3 10.0 4.5 10.0 - 19 tag 0.20 mm CR 2032 WC 1) 6032 101 013 20.7 - - - 5.5 30.0 - - - 96.0 2.0 20 tag 0.20 mm 2) CR 2032 SMT 6032 301 012 20.0 7.0 2.8 5.0 3.8 - - - - - - 21 - CR 2430 6430 101 501 24.5 3.0 0.3 - - - CR 2430 SLF 6430 201 501 25.8 1.0 10.0 25.0 - - 20.0 1.0 4.0 - - - 15 - 1.0 4.5 - - 16 tag 0.25 mm CR 2430 LF 6430 301 501 - - - - 3.2 25.0 - - - 10.0 4.0 17 tag 0.15 mm CR 2430 PCB 3 6430 401 501 24.5 1.0 10.0 11.0 3.0 17.8 7.5 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 18 tag 0.25 mm CR 2430 PCB 2 6430 701 501 24.5 1.0 - 11.0 3.0 20.0 7.5 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 19 tag 0.20 mm CR 2430 SMT 6430 301 012 24.5 5.2 4.0 5.0 3.3 - - - - - - 21 - CR 2450 6450 101 501 24.7 5.0 0.5 - - - CR 2450 SLF 6450 201 501 25.8 1.0 10.0 1.0 6.0 25.0 - CR 2450 PCB 3 6450 401 501 24.5 1.0 10.0 13.2 5.0 17.8 CR 2450 PCB 2 6450 701 501 24.7 1.0 - 12.7 5.0 17.8 CR 2450 SMT 6450 301 013 24.5 4.5 2.8 3.5 5.3 - - 21.8 TAB. 5.2 Tag material: nickel plated sheet-steel. SLF: tip tinned. 1) using Molex 51021-03 connector (Other wire connectors and wire length are available on request.) Custom made assemblies are available on request for large volume. FIG. 19 PCB 2 FIG. 20 WC - - - 15 - 1.0 4.5 - - 16 tag 0.25 mm 7.5 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 18 tag 0.25 mm 7.5 10.0 4.5 11.4 - 19 tag 0.20 mm - - - - - 21 - 2) in shrink sleeve with wire and connector FIG. 21 SMT page 12 | 13 Primary Lithium Cells 2.3 PERFORMANCE DATA FIG. 22 - CR 1216 Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 23 - CR 1216 Temperature characteristics Constant load 39 k FIG. 24 - CR 1216 Operating voltage vs. current drain Voltage at 50% discharge FIG. 25 - CR 1216 Cell capacity vs. discharge current FIG. 26 - CR 2016 Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 27 - CR 2016 Temperature characteristics Constant load 15 k FIG. 28 - CR 2016 Operating voltage vs. current drain Voltage at 50% discharge FIG. 29 - CR 2016 Cell capacity vs. discharge current page 14 | 15 Primary Lithium Cells FIG. 30 - CR 2025 Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 31 - CR 2025 Temperature characteristics Constant load 10 k FIG. 32 - CR 2025 Operating voltage vs. current drain Voltage at 50 % discharge FIG. 33 - CR 2025 Cell capacity vs. discharge current FIG. 34 - CR 2032 Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 35 - CR 2032 Temperature characteristics Constant load 5.6 k FIG. 36 - CR 2032 Operating voltage vs. current drain Voltage at 50 % discharge FIG. 37 - CR 2032 Cell capacity vs. discharge current page 16 | 17 Primary Lithium Cells FIG. 38 - CR 2430 Load: Pulse: cont. 5.6 k: Ub 2 s/2 h 390 : Ut (parallel) Internal Resistance Ri calculated from Ub and Ut at Rt = 390 and Tt = 2s Temperature: d = 20C FIG. 39 - CR 2430 Load: cont. 5.6 k (B) cont. 15 k (B) cont. 270 k (A) Mean discharge I1 = 400 A current: I2 = 180 A I3 = 10 A Temperature: d = 20C FIG. 40 - CR 2430 Discharge curves at different temperatures Load: cont. R = 15 k Mean discharge current at temperature: d= 0C ~175 A d = -10C ~170 A d = -20C ~155 A FIG. 41 - Load: Pulse: CR 2450 cont. 5.6 k: Ub 2 s/2 h 100 : Ut (parallel) Internal Resistance Ri calculated from Ub and Ut at Rt = 100 and Tt = 2s Temperature: d = 20C 3. CR HIGH CAPACITY PRIMARY LITHIUM CYLINDRICAL CELLS page 18 | 19 Primary Lithium Cells CR 1/2 AA CR 2/3 AA CR 2/3 A AFIG .42 FIG. 45 CR AA Weight (g) Max. continuous discharge current (mA) Nominal capacity at 20 C, down to 2.0 V, load (mAh) Nominal voltage (V) Type Order No. 3.1 TYPES - TECHNICAL DATA CR 1 / 2 AA 6127 101 301 3 950 mAh - 5.6 k 10 11.5 CR 2 / 3 AA 6237 101 301 3 1350 mAh - 1.0 k 15 15.0 CR AA 6117 101 301 3 2000 mAh - 1.0 k 20 21.5 CR 2 / 3 A 6238 101 301 3 1350 mAh - 1.0 k 15 17.0 TAB. 6 Technical data, CR High Capacity Primary Lithium Cylindrical Cells FIG. 43 AFIG. 46 FIG. 44 FIG. 47 - - - - - 7.0 0.6 42 1.0 - 25.4 - 3.0 5.0 - - 43 M - 1.0 K - 10.0 H - 25.2 Tags Fig. No. L I G F 25.2 14.75 D 14.75 6127 201 301 C 6127 101 301 CR 1 / 2 AA SLF B Order No. CR 1 / 2 AA A (Max.) Type E 3.2 ASSEMBLIES CR 1 / 2 AA LF 6127 301 301 14.75 25.2 10.0 - 3.5 2.1 25.4 2.5 - - - - 44 CR 1 / 2 AA CD 6127 501 301 14.75 25.4 45.0 - - - - - - - - - 49 CR 1 / 2 AA CD 6127 601 301 14.75 25.4 - 7.5 - - 33.5 - - - - - 48 (90) CR 1 / 2 AA SLF 6127 701 301 14.75 25.2 - 1.0 1.0 - 25.4 - 3.0 - - - 45 single pin CR 1 / 2 AA LF 6127 801 301 14.75 25.2 14.5 - 3.0 - 25.4 - - - - - 47 (180) CR 1 / 2 AA SLF 6127 901 301 14.75 25.2 - - 1.0 - 25.4 - 3.0 - - - 46 short pin CR 1 / 2 AA TP 6127 601 381 14.75 25.2 16.5 - 0.64 - 25.8 - - - - 50 terminal pin CR 1 / 2 AA WC 1) 6127 201 390 17.5 27.0 50.0 - - - - - - - - - 51 wire & connector CR 2 / 3 AA 6237 101 301 14.75 33.5 - - - - - - - - 7.0 0.6 42 CR 2 / 3 AA SLF 6237 201 301 14.75 33.5 10.0 1.0 1.0 - 33.7 - 3.0 5.0 - - 43 CR 2 / 3 AA LF 6237 301 301 14.75 33.5 10.0 - 3.5 2.1 33.7 2.5 - - - - 44 CR 2 / 3 AA CD 6237 501 301 14.75 33.5 45.0 - - - - - - - - - 49 CR 2 / 3 AA SLF 6237 701 301 14.75 33.5 - 1.0 1.0 - 33.7 - 3.0 - - - 45 single pin CR 2 / 3 AA SLF 6237 901 301 14.75 33.5 - - 1.0 - 33.7 - 3.0 - - - 46 short pin CR AA 6117 101 301 14.75 50.0 - - - - - - - - 7.0 0.6 42 CR AA SLF 6117 201 301 14.75 50.0 10.0 1.0 1.0 - 50.2 - 3.0 5.0 - - 43 CR AA LF 6117 301 301 14.75 50.0 10.0 - 3.5 2.1 50.2 2.5 - - - - 44 CR AA CD 6117 501 301 14.75 50.2 45.0 - 3.5 - - - - - - - 49 CR AA SLF CR AA WC 1) 6117 701 301 14.75 50.0 - 1.0 1.0 - 50.2 - 3.0 - - - 45 6117 201 390 18 51.0 50.0 - - - - - - - - - 51 single pin wire & connector CR 2 / 3 A 6238 101 301 17 33.5 - - - - - - - - 7.0 0.6 CR 2 / 3 A LF 6238 301 301 17 33.5 10.0 - 3.5 2.1 33.7 2.5 - - - - 42 44 CR 2 / 3 A CD 6238 501 301 17 33.5 45.0 - - - - - - - - - 49 TAB. 7 Material: nickel plated sheet-steel, tag thickness: 0.15 mm till 0.25 mm. SLF: tip tinned, all types in green shrink sleeve. 1) using connector: JST type: PHR2 (Other connector types available on request.) Custom made assemblies are available on request for large volume. FIG. 48 FIG. 49 FIG. 50 FIG. 51 page 20 | 21 Primary Lithium Cells 3.3 PERFORMANCE DATA FIG. 52 - FIG. 56 - FIG. 60 - CR 1/2 AA CR 2/3 AA CR AA FIG. 52 CR 1/2 AA Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 53 - FIG. 57 - FIG. 61 - CR 1/2 AA CR 2/3 AA CR AA FIG. 53 CR 1/2 AA Temperature characteristics at 5.6 k FIG. 54 - FIG. 58 - FIG. 62 - CR 1/2 AA CR 2/3 A CR AA FIG. 54 CR 1/2 AA Operating voltage vs. current drain, Voltage at 50% discharge FIG. 55 - FIG. 59 - FIG. 63 - CR 1/2 AA CR 2/3 AA CR AA Cell capacity vs. discharge current FIG. 55 CR 1/2 AA FIG. 56 FIG. 60 CR 2/3 AA CR AA FIG. 57 FIG. 61 CR 2/3 AA CR AA FIG. 58 FIG. 62 CR 2/3 AA CR AA FIG. 59 FIG. 63 CR 2/3 AA CR AA page 22 | 23 Primary Lithium Cells FIG. 64 - CR 2/3 A Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 65 - CR 2/3 A Temperature characteristics Constant load 5.6 k FIG. 66 - CR 2/3 A Operating voltage vs. current drain Voltage at 50% discharge FIG. 67 - CR 2/3 A Cell capacity vs. discharge current 4. CR HIGH POWER PRIMARY LITHIUM CYLINDRICAL CELLS page 24 | 25 Primary Lithium Cells 4.1 TYPES - TECHNICAL DATA CR 2 3 1500 mAh - 200 1500 16 6205 210 501 3 1500 mAh - 200 / 2.0 V 1400 17 CR 2 6206 210 501 3 850 mAh - 200 / 1.8 V 885 11 Type (mA) Max. continuous discharge current 1) 6215 101 501 CR 123 A Nominal voltage (V) CR 2 / 3 AH Order No. Nominal capacity at 20 C, load (mAh) CR 123 A Weight (g) CR 2/3 AH TAB. 8 Technical data, CR High Power Primary Lithium Cylindrical Cells 1) Current value for obtaining 50% capacity 2) in blister card (1 pc) Tags Fig. No. M L K I H G F E D C B A Type Order No. 4.2 ASSEMBLIES CR 2 / 3 AH 6215 101 501 17.0 -1 33.9 -1.5 - - - - - - - - 6.3 0.2 1.0 68 - CR 2 / 3 AH SLF 6215 201 013 16.5 33.3 10.0 - 1.0 - 33.7 - 3.0 - - - 70 - CR 123 A 6205 210 501 34.5 -0.6 27.0 - - - - - - - 6.4 1.29 68 - 6206 210 501 17.0 -1 15.6 -0.5 - CR 2 - - - - - - - - 6.5 0.7 68 - TAB. 9 Material: nickel plated sheet-steel, tag thickness: 0.15 mm till 0.25 m. SLF: tip tinned. Custom made assemblies are available on request for large volume. FIG. 68 FIG. 69 FIG. 70 4.3 PERFORMANCE DATA FIG. 71 - CR 2/3 AH Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 72 - CR 2/3 AH Temperature characteristics Constant load 5.6 k FIG. 73 - CR 2/3 AH Pulse discharge characteristics 1) Load: 2) After 0.9 A, 3 sec. on, 27 sec. off storage at 60 C /100 days FIG. 74 - CR 2/3 AH Typical discharge curve Load: cont. 560 Pulse load: 2 sec./min 3 (parallel) page 26 | 27 Primary Lithium Cells FIG. 75 - CR 123 A Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 76 - CR 123 A Temperature characteristics Constant load 5.6 k FIG. 77 - CR 123 A Pulse discharge characteristics 1) Load: 2) After 0.9 A, 3 sec. on, 27 sec. off storage at 60 C /100 days FIG. 78 - CR 123 A Typical discharge curve Load: cont. 560 Pulse load: 2 sec./min 3 (parallel) FIG. 79 - CR 2 Discharge characteristics at room temperature (21C) FIG. 80 - CR 2 Pulse discharge characteristics FIG. 81 - CR 2 Discharge temperature characteristics page 28 | 29 Primary Lithium Cells 5. GENERAL DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS Battery Selection In order to ensure optimum battery performance for the primary CR Button, the cylindrical CR High Power and cylindrical High Capacity cells, we suggest consideration of the following design-in requirements. They are the nominal and operating voltage, load current and profile, the duty cycle, temperature requirements and shelf life for the application. These characteristics for each battery type must be evaluated against the design requirements to select the most appropriate product that fulfills these requirements. Design-in Considerations VARTA Microbattery Primary Lithium Batteries offer lightweight packaged power for a variety of portable electric and electronic equipment. They are suitable as a main or standby power source for memory (RAM) and Real-Time clock (RTC) applications. The Lithium Batteries are blocked from the power supply by means of a diode to prevent discharge of the battery into the DC supply during shut down. FIG. 76 The voltage drop across D1 should be taken into account as the minimum voltage of the load that has to be maintained under all circumstances. Blocking diode D2 and D3 prevents the battery from being charged through the power supply. The amount of accumulated reverse current (IR) should be kept around 1% of the cell's typical capacity during its standby life time. A maximum of 5 A continuously must not be exceeded. FIG. 77 In the absence of a DC supply voltage, the lithium battery supplies the load with the necessary power. As diodes fail at low current levels by an alloy-effect causing a severe reduction in impedance, an additional safety device must be incorporated. FIG. 78 Using 2 cells when 6 V is used in series page 30 | 31 Primary Lithium Cells UL-Recognition All VARTA Microbattery Lithium Cells and Batteries listed in Tab.10 are recognized by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. under UL-file number MH 13654 (N). Trademark of Underwriters Laboratories The cells are marked with the Recognized Component Mark. Underwriters Laboratories requires for lithium cells/ batteries a circuit, which must contain a protective component to prevent charging. In case of diode failure a current limiting resistor must be chosen according to the values listed in Tab. 10. The supply voltage to the load can be calculated by the battery voltage drop across the diode and the resistor. CR 1216 3 mA High Capacity CR 1220 3 mA CR 1 / 2 AA 4 mA CR 1616 4 mA CR 2 / 3 AA 4 mA CR 1620 2.5 mA CR AA 4 mA CR 2016 4 mA CR 2 / 3 A 4 mA CR 2025 5 mA CR 2032 5 mA CR 2320 5 mA CR 2 / 3 AH 25 mA CR 2430 15 mA CR 123 A 10 mA CR 2450 15 mA CR 2 20 mA CR 1 / 3 N 2 mA High Power TAB. 10 All listed cells/batteries are recognized by UL-recognition. Printed Circuit Board Mounting Never solder on the body of the battery directly, use a battery equipped with PC-mount terminals. When using automatic soldering apply 250 -270 C within 5 seconds. Make sure that the battery is not suspended or dropped into the soldering bath. Do not heat above 80 C to avoid leakage caused by deterioration in the battery's performance. Max. safe reverse current acc. to UL Type It should be noted that the value of the resistor has to be calculated using the higher power supply voltage - not the battery voltage. Cylindrical Cells Max. safe reverse current acc. to UL For safety tests of the cells, "UL" requires either an additional diode, or a resistor, limiting the current to a safe level of 4 mA (for all cylindrical CR ... A(A) lithium mass cells). Button Cells Type Please also pay attention to the Safety Guidelines on page 34. 5.1 SAFETY TESTS For safety aspects please consult Varta Microbattery before performing these extreme tests: Compression Test 1120 kg no significant electrolyte loss no rupturing In Short Circuit Condition 24 h, 0.1 Test at 150C for 2 Hours after 24 h the bottom of the cell is curved by only 0.1 mm; diameter unchanged no electrolyte creepage or loss no rupturing Short Circuit no electrolyte creepage or loss no rupture no fire no explosion open circuit voltage almost unchanged at 3.2 V the cell base bowed, causing cell height to increase by 1 mm, diameter unchanged Puncture Test total Penetration of the Cell by a Nail O 3mm no splashing or pressurized electrolyte loss no rupturing Temperature Characteristics FIG. 79 24 C 28 C 24 C 40 C 50 C 50 C 47 C 70 C 80 C 84 C 77 C CR AA CR 1 / 2 AA 20 C CR 2 / 3 AA Ambient temperature In table 11 the temperature is listed at short circuit at an ambient temperature of 20C, 40C and 70C. CR 1/2 AA, Temperature characteristics Conditions: 20 h / 20C: 15 k, 4 h/at various temp.: 270 k A = -30C B = 20C C = 75C TAB. 11 Vibration test Result Vibration Test Frequency range Without changing of 5 Hz 55 Hz 500 Hz 55 Hz 5 Hz the electrical values Amplitude at frequency range: the following Li-cell 5 to 55 Hz: 0.75 mm can be exposed to Acceleration at frequencey range: this vibration test: 55 Hz to 500 Hz: 100 m /s 2 CR 1 / 2 AA Cycle duration: 15 min CR 2 / 3 AA Oscillation time of each main axis: 3 h CR AA TAB. 12 page 32 | 33 Primary Lithium Cells 5.2 SAFETY GUIDELINES Pleas see www.varta-microbattery.com/top/trans-safe for latest information about Transportation, Safety and Recycling Note for Batteries. 5.4 APPLICATION CHECK LIST Customer: Application: Requested quantity: Batteries per annum: Type of battery: Primary power source: MBU: Umax: Umin: Ucutoff: Imax: Imin: Iaverage: max (C): min (C): average (C): max (C): min (C): average (C): Current profile: Operating temperature: Temperature profile: Storage temperature Storage time: Operating time: Dimensions: Remarks: page 34 | 35 www.varta-microbattery.com Product Portfolio Primary Batteries Silver Oxide Button Cells Lithium-Manganese Cells Lithium-Thionyl-Chloride Cells Alkaline Batteries Lithium Button Cells Zinc Air Cells Rechargeable Batteries Li-Polymer NiMH Button Cells (V...H / HR / HT / HRT) Cylindrical & Prismatic Li-Ion & NiMH Cells Contacts Germany and Central Europe VARTA Microbattery GmbH Daimlerstrasse 1 73479 Ellwangen, Germany Tel +49 79 61 921 - 0 Fax +49 79 61 921 - 553 Americas Asia Pacific VARTA Microbattery, Inc. 1311 Mamaroneck Avenue, Suite 120 White Plains, NY 10605, USA Tel +1 914 592 25 00 Fax +1 914 345 04 88 VARTA Microbattery Pte. Ltd. 300, Tampines Avenue 5, #05-01 Tampines Junction, 529653 Singapore Tel +65 6 260 58 01 Fax +65 6 260 58 12 UK and Ireland China Japan VARTA Microbattery GmbH 17 Progress Business Centre, Whittle Parkway, Slough SL 1 6DQ, GB Tel +44 16 28 60 79 30 Fax +44 16 28 60 79 39 VARTA Microbattery Pte. Ltd. Room 1702-3, 17/F., Fullerton Centre 19 Hung to Road, Kwun Tong Kowloon, Hongkong Tel +852 28 98 83 73 Fax +852 28 97 76 09 VARTA Microbattery Pte. Ltd. Kyobashi Y'SUS Bldg, 3F.1-6-12, Kyobashi, Chuo-Ku Tokyo 104-0031, Japan Tel +81 3 35 67 81 71 Fax +81 3 35 67 81 75 VARTA Microbattery (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. Block 3, Shanghai Pudong Chuansha Industrial Park No. 6999 Chuansha Road Pudong New Area 201202 Shanghai, China Tel +86 21 58 59 83 85 Fax +86 21 58 59 33 13 Taiwan France VARTA Microbattery Pte. 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