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Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A

Datasheet

Version 1.12

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Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Table of Con tents

1 Overview ..................................................................................... 11

1.1 Introduction .................................................................................. 11

1.2 W7100A Features ............................................................................ 11

1.3 W7100A Block Diagram & Features ....................................................... 12

1.3.1 ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) ....................................................... 12

1.3.2 TCPIPCore ............................................................................ 14

1.4 Pin Description .............................................................................. 16

1.4.1 Pin Layout ............................................................................ 16

1.4.2 Pin Description ....................................................................... 17

1.4.2.1 Configuration ................................................................... 18

1.4.2.2 Timer ............................................................................ 19

1.4.2.3 UART ............................................................................. 19

1.4.2.4 DoCD™ Compatible Debugger ................................................ 19

1.4.2.5 Interrupt / Clock .............................................................. 19

1.4.2.6 GPIO ............................................................................. 20

1.4.2.7 Media Interface ................................................................ 21

1.4.2.8 Network Indicator LED ........................................................ 22

1.4.2.9 Power Supply Signal ........................................................... 22

1.5 64pin package description ................................................................. 24

1.5.1 Difference between 100 and 64pin package .................................... 24

2 Memory ....................................................................................... 26

2.1 Code Memory ................................................................................ 26

2.1.1 Code Memory Wait States .......................................................... 28

2.2 Data Memory ................................................................................. 29

2.2.1 Data Memory Wait States .......................................................... 29

2.3 External Data Memory Access ............................................................. 29

2.3.1 Standard 8051 Interface ............................................................ 30

2.3.2 Direct Interface ...................................................................... 31

2.4 Internal Data Memory and SFR ............................................................ 32

2.5 SFR definition ................................................................................ 33

2.5.1 Program Code Memory Write Enable Bit ......................................... 33

2.5.2 Program Code Memory Wait States Register .................................... 33

2.5.3 Data Pointer Extended Registers .................................................. 35

2.5.4 Data Pointer Registers .............................................................. 35

2.5.5 Clock Control Register .............................................................. 36

2.5.6 Internal Memory Wait States Register ............................................ 37

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2.5.7 Address Latch Enable Register .................................................... 38

2.5.8 External Memory Wait States Register ........................................... 38

2.5.9 Stack Pointer ......................................................................... 39

2.5.10 New & Extended SFR ................................................................ 39

2.5.11 Peripheral Registers ................................................................. 41

3 Interrupt ...................................................................................... 43

4 I/O Ports ...................................................................................... 47

5 Timers ......................................................................................... 50

5.1 Timers 0, 1 ................................................................................... 50

5.1.1 Overview .............................................................................. 50

5.1.2 Interrupts ............................................................................. 51

5.1.3 Timer0 – Mode0 ...................................................................... 52

5.1.4 Timer0 – Mode1 ...................................................................... 53

5.1.5 Timer0 – Mode2 ...................................................................... 53

5.1.6 Timer0 – Mode3 ...................................................................... 54

5.1.7 Timer1 – Mode0 ...................................................................... 55

5.1.8 Timer1 – Mode1 ...................................................................... 55

5.1.9 Timer1 – Mode2 ...................................................................... 56

5.1.10 Timer1 – Mode3 ...................................................................... 56

5.2 Timer2 ........................................................................................ 57

5.2.1 Overview .............................................................................. 57

5.2.2 Interrupts ............................................................................. 58

6 UART .......................................................................................... 61

6.1 Interrupts ..................................................................................... 62

6.2 Mode0, Synchronous ........................................................................ 63

6.3 Mode1, 8-Bit UART, Variable Baud Rate, Timer 1 or 2 Clock Source ................ 64

6.4 Mode2, 9-Bit UART, Fixed Baud Rate ..................................................... 64

6.5 Mode3, 9-Bit UART, Variable Baud Rate, Timer1 or 2 Clock Source ................. 65

6.6 Examples of Baud Rate Setting ........................................................... 65

7 Watchdog Timer ............................................................................. 66

7.1 Overview ..................................................................................... 66

7.2 Interrupts ..................................................................................... 66

7.3 Watchdog Timer Reset ...................................................................... 67

7.4 Simple Timer ................................................................................. 68

7.5 System Monitor .............................................................................. 68

7.6 Watchdog Related Registers ............................................................... 68

7.7 Watchdog Control ........................................................................... 69

7.7.1 Clock Control ......................................................................... 70

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7.8 Timed Access Registers ..................................................................... 70

8 TCPIPCore .................................................................................... 71

8.1 Memory Map ................................................................................. 71

8.2 Registers list ................................................................................. 71

8.2.1 Common Registers ................................................................... 71

8.2.2 SOCKET Registers .................................................................... 73

8.3 Register Description ........................................................................ 84

8.3.1 Mode Register ........................................................................ 84

8.3.2 SOCKET Registers .................................................................... 90

9 Functional Description ................................................................... 108

9.1 Initialization ............................................................................... 108

9.2 Data Communication ..................................................................... 113

9.2.1 TCP .................................................................................. 113

9.2.1.1 TCP SERVER ................................................................... 114

9.2.1.2 TCP CLIENT ................................................................... 121

9.2.2 UDP .................................................................................. 122

9.2.2.1 Unicast & Broadcast ......................................................... 122

9.2.2.2 Multicast ...................................................................... 127

9.2.3 IPRAW ............................................................................... 130

9.2.4 MACRAW ............................................................................. 132

10 Electrical Specification .................................................................. 139

10.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................................................. 139

10.2 DC Characteristics ........................................................................ 139

10.3 Power consumption(Driving voltage 3.3V) ............................................ 139

10.4 AC Characteristics ........................................................................ 140

10.5 Crystal Characteristics ................................................................... 140

10.6 Transformer Characteristics ............................................................. 141

11 IR Reflow Temperature Profile (Lead-Free) ........................................... 142

12 Package Descriptions ..................................................................... 143

12.1 Package type: LQFP 100 .................................................................. 143

12.2 Package type: QFN 64 .................................................................... 145

13 Appendix:Performance Improvement about W7100A ................................ 147

13.1 Summary .................................................................................... 147

13.2 8–Bit Arithmetic Functions ............................................................... 147

13.2.1 Addition ............................................................................. 147

13.2.2 Subtraction ......................................................................... 149

13.2.3 Multiplication ...................................................................... 150

13.2.4 Division .............................................................................. 150

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13.3 16-Bit Arithmetic Functions ............................................................. 150

13.3.1 Addition ............................................................................. 150

13.3.2 Subtraction ......................................................................... 151

13.3.3 Multiplication ...................................................................... 151

13.4 32-bit Arithmetic Functions ............................................................. 152

13.4.1 Addition ............................................................................. 152

13.4.2 Subtraction ......................................................................... 153

13.4.3 Multiplication ...................................................................... 153

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 W7100A Block Diagram ....................................................................... 12

Figure 1.2 Accumulator A Register ....................................................................... 13

Figure 1.3 B Register ....................................................................................... 13

Figure 1.4 Program Status Word Register ............................................................... 13

Figure 1.5 PSW Register ................................................................................... 13

Figure 1.6 TCPIPCore Block Diagram .................................................................... 14

Figure 1.7 W7100A Pin Layout ............................................................................ 16

Figure 1.8 W7100A QFN 64 Pin Layout ................................................................... 17

Figure 1.9 Power Design ................................................................................... 24

Figure 2.1 Code / Data Memory Connections .......................................................... 26

Figure 2.2. Boot Sequence Flowchart ................................................................... 27

Figure 2.3 APP Entry Process .............................................................................. 27

Figure 2.4 Changing the code memory Status at RB = ‘0’ ........................................... 28

Figure 2.5 Data Memory Map ............................................................................. 29

Figure 2.6 Standard 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “001”) ............................ 30

Figure 2.7 Standard 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “011”) ............................ 30

Figure 2.8 Direct 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “101”) ............................... 31

Figure 2.9 Direct 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “111”) ............................... 31

Figure 2.10 Internal Memory Map ........................................................................ 32

Figure 2.11 SFR Memory Map ............................................................................. 32

Figure 2.13 PWE bit of PCON Register ................................................................... 33

Figure 2.14 Code memory Wait States Register ........................................................ 33

Figure 2.12 Waveform for code memory Synchronous Read Cycle with Minimal Wait States

(WTST = ‘3’) ................................................................................. 34

Figure 2.13 Waveform for code memory Synchronous Write Cycle with Minimal Wait

States(WTST = ‘3’) .......................................................................... 34

Figure 2.17 Data Pointer Extended Register ............................................................ 35

Figure 2.18 Data Pointer Extended Register ............................................................ 35

Figure 2.19 MOVX @RI Extended Register ............................................................... 35

Figure 2.20 Data Pointer Register DPTR0 ............................................................... 35

Figure 2.21 Data Pointer 1 Register DPTR1 ............................................................. 35

Figure 2.22 Data Pointer Select Register ............................................................... 36

Figure 2.23 Clock Control Register – STRETCH bits .................................................... 36

Figure 2.24 Internal Memory Wait States Register .................................................... 37

Figure 2.25 Internal Memory Wait States Register .................................................... 38

Figure 2.26 First Byte of Internal Memory Wait States Register .................................... 38

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Figure 2.27 Second Byte of Internal Memory Wait States Register ................................. 38

Figure 2.28 Stack Pointer Register ....................................................................... 39

Figure 2.29 PHY Status Register .......................................................................... 39

Figure 2.30 Internal PHY Configuration Register ...................................................... 39

Figure 2.31 W7100A Configuration Register ............................................................ 40

Figure 2.32 Core clock count register ................................................................... 40

Figure 2.33 Core clock count register ................................................................... 41

Figure 2.34 Core clock count register ................................................................... 41

Figure 2.35 Core clock count register ................................................................... 41

Figure 3.1 Interrupt Enable Register .................................................................... 44

Figure 3.2 Interrupt Priority Register .................................................................... 44

Figure 3.3 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register ........................................................... 44

Figure 3.4 UART Configuration Register ................................................................. 45

Figure 3.5 Extended Interrupt Enable Register ........................................................ 45

Figure 3.6 Extended Interrupt Priority Register ....................................................... 45

Figure 3.7 Extended Interrupt Flag Register ........................................................... 46

Figure 3.8 Watchdog Control Register ................................................................... 46

Figure 4.1 Port0 Register .................................................................................. 47

Figure 4.2 Port1 Register .................................................................................. 47

Figure 4.3 Port2 Register .................................................................................. 47

Figure 4.4 Port3 Register .................................................................................. 47

Figure 4.5 Port0 Pull-down register ..................................................................... 48

Figure 4.6 Port1 Pull-down register ..................................................................... 48

Figure 4.7 Port2 Pull-down register ..................................................................... 48

Figure 4.8 Port3 Pull-down register ..................................................................... 49

Figure 4.9 Port0 Pull-up register ......................................................................... 49

Figure 4.10 Port1 Pull-up register ........................................................................ 49

Figure 4.11 Port2 Pull-up register ........................................................................ 49

Figure 4.12 Port3 Pull-up register ........................................................................ 49

Figure 5.1 Timer0, 1 Control Mode Register ............................................................ 51

Figure 5.2 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register ........................................................... 51

Figure 5.3 Interrupt Enable Register .................................................................... 51

Figure 5.4 Interrupt Priority Register .................................................................... 52

Figure 5.5 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register ........................................................... 52

Figure 5.6 Timer Counter0, Mode0: 13-Bit Timer/Counter .......................................... 53

Figure 5.7 Timer/Counter0, Mode1: 16-Bit Timer/Counter .......................................... 53

Figure 5.8 Timer/Counter0, Mode2: 8-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload ..................... 54

Figure 5.9 Timer/Counter0, Mode3: Two 8-Bit Timers/Counters ................................... 54

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Figure 5.10 Timer/Counter1, Mode0: 13-Bit Timer/Counter ........................................ 55

Figure 5.11 Timer/Counter1, Mode1: 16-Bit Timers/Counters ...................................... 55

Figure 5.12 Timer/Counter1, Mode2: 8-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload .................... 56

Figure 5.13 Timer2 Configuration Register ............................................................. 57

Figure 5.14 Timer/Counter2, 16-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload ............................ 58

Figure 5.15 Interrupt Enable Register — Timer2 ....................................................... 58

Figure 5.16 Interrupt Priority Register — Timer2 ...................................................... 59

Figure 5.17 Timer2 Configuration Register — TF2 ..................................................... 59

Figure 5.18 Timer/Counter2, 16-Bit Timer/Counter with Capture Mode .......................... 59

Figure 5.19 Timer2 for Baud Rate Generator Mode ................................................... 60

Figure 6.1 UART Buffer Register .......................................................................... 61

Figure 6.2 UART Configuration Register ................................................................. 61

Figure 6.3 UART Bits in Power Configuration Register ................................................ 62

Figure 6.4 UART Bits in Interrupt Enable Register ..................................................... 63

Figure 6.5 UART Bits in Interrupt Priority Register .................................................... 63

Figure 6.6 UART Configuration Register ................................................................. 63

Figure 6.7 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode0 (clk = 88.4736 MHz) ................... 64

Figure 6.8 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode1 ............................................ 64

Figure 6.9 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode2 ............................................ 64

Figure 6.10 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode3 .......................................... 65

Figure 7.1 Watchdog Timer Structure ................................................................... 66

Figure 7.2 Interrupt Enable Register .................................................................... 66

Figure 7.3 Extended Interrupt Enable Register ........................................................ 66

Figure 7.4 Extended interrupt Priority Register ....................................................... 67

Figure 7.5 Watchdog Control Register ................................................................... 67

Figure 7.6 Watchdog Control Register ................................................................... 69

Figure 7.7 Clock Control register – Watchdog bits..................................................... 70

Figure 8.1 TCPIPCore Memory Map ...................................................................... 71

Figure 8.2 SOCKET n Status transition................................................................... 98

Figure 8.3 Calculate Physical Address ................................................................. 105

Figure 9.1 Allocation Internal TX/RX memory of SOCKET n ........................................ 112

Figure 9.2 TCP SERVER & TCP CLIENT ................................................................. 113

Figure 9.3 “TCP SERVER” Operation Flow ............................................................ 114

Figure 9.4 “TCP CLIENT” Operation Flow ............................................................. 121

Figure 9.5 UDP Operation Flow ......................................................................... 122

Figure 9.6 The received UDP data format ............................................................ 124

Figure 9.7 IPRAW Operation Flow ...................................................................... 131

Figure 9.8 The received IPRAW data format ......................................................... 132

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Figure 9.9 MACRAW Operation Flow ................................................................... 133

Figure 9.10 The received MACRAW data format ..................................................... 134

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

List of Tables

Table 2.1 External memory access mode ............................................................... 29

Table 2.2 WTST Register Values .......................................................................... 33

Table 2.3 DPTR0, DPTR1 Operations ..................................................................... 36

Table 2.4 MD[2:0] Bit Values .............................................................................. 37

Table 2.5 Ram WTST Bit Values ........................................................................... 37

Table 2.6 TCPIPCore / Flash WTST Bit Values .......................................................... 37

Table 3.1 External Interrupt Pin Description ........................................................... 43

Table 3.2 W7100A Interrupt Summary ................................................................... 43

Table 4.1 I/O Ports Pin Description ...................................................................... 47

Table 4.2 Read-Modify-Write Instructions ............................................................... 48

Table 5.1 Timers 0, 1 Pin Description ................................................................... 50

Table 5.2 Timers 0, 1 Mode ............................................................................... 50

Table 5.3 Timer0, 1 interrupts ............................................................................ 52

Table 5.4 Timer2 Pin Description ......................................................................... 57

Table 5.5 Timer2 Modes ................................................................................... 57

Table 5.6 Timer2 Interrupt ................................................................................ 60

Table 6.1 UART Pin Description ........................................................................... 61

Table 6.2 UART Modes...................................................................................... 62

Table 6.3 UART Baud Rates................................................................................ 62

Table 6.4 UART Interrupt .................................................................................. 63

Table 6.5 Examples of Baud Rate Setting ............................................................... 65

Table 7.1 Watchdog Interrupt ............................................................................ 67

Table 7.2 Summary for Watchdog Related Bits ......................................................... 68

Table 7.3 Watchdog Bits and Actions .................................................................... 69

Table 7.4 Watchdog Intervals ............................................................................. 70

Table 7.5 Timed Access Registers ........................................................................ 70

Table 9.1 Timer / Counter Mode ....................................................................... 109

Table 9.2 Baud rate ...................................................................................... 109

Table 9.3 Mode of UART ................................................................................. 109

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

1 Overview

1.1 Introduction

iMCU W7100A is the one-chip solution which integrates an 8051 compatible microcontroller,

64KB SRAM and hardwired TCP/IP Core for high performance and easy development.

The TCP/IP core is a market-proven hardwired TCP/IP stack with an integrated Ethernet

MAC & PHY. The Hardwired TCP/IP stack supports the TCP, UDP, IPv4, ICMP, ARP, IGMP and

PPPoE which has been used in various applications for years.

1.2 W7100A Features

• Fully software compatible with industrial standard 8051

• Pipelined architecture which enables execution of instructions 4~5 times faster than a

standard 8051

• 10BaseT/100BaseTX Ethernet PHY embedded

• Power down mode supported for saving power consumption

• Hardwired TCP/IP Protocols: TCP, UDP, ICMP, IPv4 ARP, IGMP, PPPoE, Ethernet

• Auto Negotiation (Full-duplex and half duplex), Auto MDI/MDIX

• ADSL connection with PPPoE Protocol with PAP/CHAP Authentication mode support

• 8 independent sockets which are running simultaneously

• 32Kbytes Data buffer for the Network

• Network status LED outputs (TX, RX, Full/Half duplex, Collision, Link, and Speed)

• Not supports IP fragmentation

• 2 Data Pointers (DPTRs) for fast memory blocks processing

○ Advanced INC & DEC modes

○ Auto-switch of current DPTR

• 64KBytes Data Memory (RAM)

• 255Bytes data FLASH, 64KBytes Code Memory, 2KBytes Boot Code Memory

• Up to 16M bytes of external (off-chip) data memory

• Interrupt controller

○ 2 priority levels

○ 4 external interrupt sources

○ 1 Watchdog interrupt

• Four 8-bit I/O Ports

• Three timers/counters

• Full-duplex UART

• Programmable Watchdog Timer

• DoCD™ compatible debugger

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1.3 W7100A Block Diagram & Features

Figure 1.1 W7100A Block Diagram

The W7100A internal block diagram is shown in the Figure 1.1. Details of block functions are

described as follows:

ALU – Performs arithmetic and logic operations during execution of an instruction. It

contains accumulator (ACC), Program Status Word (PSW), B registers, and related logics such

as arithmetic unit, logic unit, multiplier, and divider.

SFR – Controls the access of special registers. It contains standard and user defined registers

and related logic. User defined external devices can be quickly accessed (read, write,

modified) using all direct addressing mode instructions.

1.3.1 ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

W7100A is fully compatible with the standard 8051 microcontroller, and maintains all

instruction mnemonics and binary compatibility. W7100A incorporates many great

architectural enhancements which enable the W7100A MCU to execute instructions with high

speed.

The ALU of W7100A MCU performs extensive data manipulation and is comprised of the 8-bit

arithmetic logic unit (ALU), an ACC (0xE0) register, a B (0xF0) register and a PSW (0xD0)

register

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ACC (0xE0)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

ACC.7 ACC.6 ACC.5 ACC.4 ACC.3 ACC.2 ACC.1 ACC.0 0x00

Figure 1.2 Accumulator A Register

The B register is used during multiplication and division operations. In other cases, this

register is used as normal SFR.

B (0xF0)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

B.7 B.6 B.5 B.4 B.3 B.2 B.1 B.0 0x00

Figure 1.3 B Register

The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and

division, and other operations such as increment, decrement, BCD-decimal-add-adjust, and

compare. Logic unit uses AND, OR, Exclusive OR, complement, and rotation to perform

different operations. The Boolean processor performs bit operations such as set, clear,

complement, jump-if-not-set, jump-if-set-and-clear, and move to/from carry.

PSW (0xD0)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

CY AC F0 RS1 RS0 OV F1 P 0x00

Figure 1.4 Program Status Word Register

CY Carry flag

AC Auxiliary carry

F0 General purpose flag 0

RS[1:0]

Register bank select bits

RS[1:0] Function Description

00 -Bank 0, data address 0x00 - 0x07

01 -Bank 1, data address 0x08 - 0x0F

10 -Bank 2, data address 0x10 - 0x17

11 -Bank 3, data address 0x18 - 0x1F

OV Overflow flag

F1 General purpose flag 1

P Parity flag

Figure 1.5 PSW Register

The PSW register contains several bits that can reflect the current state of MCU.

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1.3.2 TCPIPCore

Figure 1.6 TCPIPCore Block Diagram

Ethernet PHY

The W7100A includes 10BaseT/100BaseTX Ethernet PHY. It supports half-duplex/full-duplex,

auto-negotiation and auto-MDI/MDIX. It also supports 6 network indicator LED outputs such as

Link, TX, RX status, Collision, speed and duplex.

TCPIP Engine

TCPIP Engine is a hardwired logic based network protocol which contains technology of

WIZnet.

- 802.3 Ethernet MAC(Media Access Control)

This controls Ethernet access of CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision

Detect). The protocol is based on a 48-bit source/destination MAC address.

- PPPoE(Point-To-Point Protocol over Ethernet)

This protocol uses PPP service over Ethernet. The payload (PPP frame) is encapsulated

inside an Ethernet frame during a transmission. When receiving, it de-capsulates the

PPP frame. PPPoE supports PPP communication with PPPoE server and PAP/CHAP

authentications.

- ARP(Address Resolution Protocol)

ARP is the MAC address resolution protocol by using IP address. This protocol exchanges

ARP-reply and ARP-request from peers to determine the MAC address of each other

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- IP (Internet Protocol)

This protocol operates in the IP layer and provides data communication. IP

fragmentation is not supported. It is not possible to receive the fragmented packets. All

protocol number is supported except for TCP or UDP. In case of TCP or UDP, use the

hardwired embedded TCPIP stack.

- ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol)

ICMP is a protocol which provides information, unreachable destination. When a Ping-

request ICMP packet is received, a Ping-reply ICMP packet is sent.

- IGMPv1/v2(Internet Group Management Protocol version 1/2)

This protocol processes IGMP messages such as the IGMP Join/Leave. The IGMP is only

enabled in UDP multicast mode. Only version 1 and 2 of IGMP logic is supported. When

using a newer version of IGMP, IGMP should be manually implemented in the IP layer.

- UDP(User Datagram Protocol)

It is a protocol which supports data communication at the UDP layer. User datagram

such as unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported

- TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)

This protocol operates in the TCP layer and provides data communication. Both TCP

server and client modes are supported.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

1.4 Pin Description

1.4.1 Pin Layout

Package type: LQFP 100

VCC3V3

P2.7/A15

P2.6/A14

P2.5/A13

P2.4/A12

P2.3/A11

P2.2/A10

P2.1/A9

GND

P2.0/A8

P0.7/AD7

P0.6/AD6

P0.5/AD5

VCC3V3

P0.4/AD4

P0.3/AD3

P0.2/AD2

VCC1V8

P0.1/AD1

P0.0/AD0

P1.0/A0

P1.1/A1

P1.2/A2

P1.3/A3

P1.4/A4

P1.5/A5

P1.6/A6

P1.7/A7

P3.0/A16

P3.1/A17

GND

P3.2/A18

VCC3V3

P3.3/A19

P3.4/A20

P3.5/A21

P3.6/A22

P3.7/A23

VCC1V8

SPDLED

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

80

79

78

77

76

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

85

84

83

82

81

100

99

98

97

96

95

94

93

92

91

90

89

88

87

86

FDXLED

COLLED

RXLED

TXLED

LINKLED

nRD

nWR

ALE

PLOCK

GNDA

iMCU W7100A

Figure 1.7 W7100A Pin Layout

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Package type: QFN 64

Figure 1.8 W7100A QFN 64 Pin Layout

1.4.2 Pin Description

The pin functionalities are described in the following table. There are no tri-state output

pins and internal signals.

Typ e Description

I Input

O Output with 8mA driving current

IO Input/Output (Bidirectional)

Pu Internal pulled-up with 4.7KΩ resistor

Pd Internal pulled-down with 85KΩ resistor

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1.4.2.1 Configuration

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/P

d

Description

100pin 64pin

nRST 8 9 I - Global asynchronous reset, Active low

TM3-0 1,2,

3,4

2,3,

4,5

I Pd Must be connected to GND; value ‘0000’

PM2 - 0 70,

71,

72

- I Pd PHY Mode

PM

Description

2

1

0

Normal Operation Mode

Auto-negotiation enabled with all

functionalities

0

1

Auto-negotiation with 100 BASE-TX

FDX/HDX ability

0

1

0

Auto-negotiation with 10 BASE-T

FDX/HDX ability

0

1

Reserved

1

0

Manual selection of 100 BASE-TX FDX

1

0

1

Manual selection of 100 BASE-TX HDX

1

0

Manual selection of 10 BASE-T FDX

1

Manual selection of 10 BASE-T HDX

FDX : Full-Duplex, HDX : Half-Duplex

BOOTEN 5 6 I Pd Boot Enable/Disable

0 – Enable User Application mode

Jump to 0x0000, the start address of user Code

FLASH.

1- Enable Boot mode

Run boot code in Boot ROM

PLOCK 77 - O - PLL Lock line, It notifies when internal PLL is

locked

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1.4.2.2 Timer

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

Timer0, 1 Interface

T0 9 - I - Timer0 external clock input

T1 10 - I - Timer1 external clock input

GATE0 11 - I - Timer0 gate control

GATE1 12 - I - Timer1 gate control

Timer2 Interface

T2 13 - I - Timer2 external clock input

T2EX 14 - I - Timer2 Capture/Reload trigger

1.4.2.3 UART

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

RXD 15 10 I - Serial receiver

TXD 17 12 O - Serial transmitter

1.4.2.4 DoCD™ Compatible Debugger

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

DCDCLK 18 13 O - DoCD clock

DCDDI 19 14 I - DoCD data input

DCDDO 20 15 O DoCD data output

1.4.2.5 Interrupt / Clock

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

nINT0 22 17 I - External interrupt0

nINT1 23 - I - External interrupt1

nINT2 24 - I - External interrupt2

nINT3 25 - I - External interrupt3

XTLN0 61 40 O - Crystal output for WIZnet Core, A parallel-

resonant 25MHz crystal or ceramic is connected.

If use oscillator, this pin can be floated.

XTLP0 62 41 I - Crystal input for WIZnet Core, A parallel-

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resonant 25MHz crystal or ceramic is connected.

If use oscillator, this pin connected with 1.8V

output of OSC.

XTLN1 67 45 O - Crystal output for MCU core, A parallel-resonant

11.0592MHz crystal or ceramic is connected. If

oscillator is uesd, this pin can be floated.

XTLP1 66 44 I - Crystal input for MCU core, A parallel-resonant

11.0592MHz crystal or ceramic is connected. If

oscillator is used, this pin is connected with 1.8V

output of OSC.

1.4.2.6 GPIO

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

P0.0 81 52 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data0, Addr0

P0.1 82 53 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data1, Addr1

P0.2 84 55 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data2, Addr2

P0.3 85 56 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data3, Addr3

P0.4 86 57 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data4, Addr4

P0.5 87 59 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data5, Addr5

P0.6 89 60 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data6, Addr6

P0.7 90 61 IO - Port0 input/output, Ext Memory Data7, Addr7

P1.0 26 18 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr0

P1.1 27 19 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr1

P1.2 28 20 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr2

P1.3 29 21 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr3

P1.4 30 22 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr4

P1.5 31 23 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr5

P1.6 32 24 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr6

P1.7 33 25 IO - Port1 input/output, Ext Memory Addr7

P2.0 91 62 IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr8

P2.1 93 64 IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr9

P2.2 94 1 IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr10

P2.3 95 - IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr11

P2.4 96 - IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr12

P2.5 97 - IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr13

P2.6 98 - IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr14

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P2.7 99 - IO - Port2 input/output, Ext Memory Addr15

P3.0 34 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr16

P3.1 35 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr17

P3.2 37 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr18

P3.3 39 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr19

P3.4 40 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr20

P3.5 41 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr21

P3.6 42 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr22

P3.7 43 - IO - Port3 input/output, Ext Memory Addr23

Note: User can control the GPIO I/O driving voltage using PxPU/PxPD SFR.

Note: In that case, GPIO0~3 is used to transfer External memory address and data. Please

refer to the ‘2.3 External Data Memory Access’

1.4.2.7 External Memory Interface

Pin name Num I/O Type Description

ALE 78 O Data memory address bus [7:0] latch enable

nWR 79 OL External data memory write

nRD 80 OL External data memory read

Note: When user using External memory by standard 8051 interface, P0[7:0] can transfer

Data[7:0] or Address[7:0] by ALE pin control.

1.4.2.8 Media Interface

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

TXON 52 32 O - TXON/TXOP Signal Pair, The differential data is

transmitted to the media on the TXON/TXOP

signal pair

TXOP 53 33 O -

RXIN 55 35 I - RXIN/RXIP Signal Pair, The differential data from

the media is received on the RXIN/RXIP Signal

pair

RXIP 56 36 I -

RESETBG 59 38 I - PHY Off-chip resistor, Connect a resistor of 12.3

㏀±1% to the ground. Refer to the “Reference

schematic”

For the best performance,

1. Make the length of RXIP / RXIN signal pair (RX) same if possible.

2. Make the length of TXOP / TXON signal pair (TX) same if possible.

3. Locate the RXIP and RXIN signal as near as possible.

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4. Locate the TXOP and TXON signal as near as possible.

5. Locate the RX and TX signal pairs far from noisy signals such as bias resistor or

crystal.

6. Keep regular between TX/RX signal pair.

For more details, refer to “W5100 Layout Guide.pdf.”

1.4.2.9 Network Indicator LED

Pin name Pin number I/O Pu/Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

SPDLED 45 27 O - Link speed LED

Low: 100Mbps

High: 10Mbps

FDXLED 46 - O - Full duplex LED

Low: Full-duplex

High: Half-duplex

COLLED 47 - O - Collision LED

Low: Collision detected (only half-duplex)

RXLED 48 - O - Receive activity LED

Low: Receive signal detected on RXIP/RXIN

TXLED 49 - O - Transmit activity LED

Low: Transmit signal detected on TXOP/TXON

LINKLED 50 28 O - Link LED

Low: Link (10/100M) is detected

1.4.2.10 Power Supply Signal

name

Pin number I/O Pu/

Pd

Description

100pin 64pin

VCC3A3 58, 75 37, 49 Power - Analog 3.3V power supply

Be sure to connect a 10uF tantalum capacitor

between VCC3A3 and GNDA in order to prevent

power compensation

VCC3V3 21,

38,

73,

87,

100

16, 58 Power - Digital 3.3V power supply

A 0.1uF decoupling capacitor should be connected

between each pair of VCC and GND. A 1uH ferrite

bead should be used to separate the VCC3V3 and

VCC3A3

VCC1A8 54, 34, 42 Power - Analog 1.8V power supply

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

60,

64

A 10uF tantalum capacitor and a 0.1uF capacitor

should be connected between VCC1A8 and GNDA

to filter out core power noise

VCC1V8 16,

44,

68, 83

39,

46,

54, 11

Power - Digital 1.8V power supply

Between each pair of VCC and GND, a 0.1uF

decoupling capacitor should be connected

GNDA 51,

57,

63,

65,

76

31,

43, 50

Power - Analog ground

Design the analog ground plane as wide as

possible during PCB layout

GND 6, 7,

36,

69, 92

7, 8,

26,

47, 63

Power - Digital ground

Design the digital ground plane as wide as

possible during PCB layout

1V8O 74 48 Power - 1.8V regulated output voltage

1.8V/150mA power generated by internal power

regulator which is used for core operation power

(VCC1A8, VCC1V8).

Between the 1V8O and GND, Be sure to connect a

3.3uF tantalum capacitor for output frequency

compensation and a 0.1uF capacitor for high

frequency noise decoupling.

1V8O is connected to VCC1V8, separated to 1uH

inductor and connected to VCC1A8.

<Notice> 1V8O is the power supply for W7100A use

only. This supply should not be connected with

any other devices.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 1.9 Power Design

1.5 64pin package description

1.5.1 Difference between 100 and 64pin package

Difference 64 pin 100 pin

Deleted pin

T0, T1, GATE0, GATE1, T2, T2EX, nINT1, nINT2,

nINT3, FDXLED, COLLED, RXLED, TXLED, PM2,

PM1, PM0, EXTALE, EXTDATAWR, EXTDATARD,

GPIO3[0:7], GPIO2[3:7]

-

External memory X O

PHY mode setting only use SFR use SFR or PM pins

GPIO max 19pin max 32pin

*Note: In case of 64pin package, the PHY mode is must be set by PHYCONF SFR. So, user must

set the MODE_EN bit to enable the MODE2 ~ 0 bit configuration. Then set the MODE2 ~ 0 value

and reset the PHY controlling the PHY_RSTn bit. After the reset the 64pin package chip will

be successfully initialized and operate properly. When the user uses the 64pin package chip,

the code below must be executed in chip initialize routine.

For more detailed information about the PHYCONF SFR, please refer to the section 2.5.10

‘New & Extended SFR’.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

PHYCONF |= 0x08; // MODE_EN bit enable

PHYCONF &= 0xF8; // MODE2 ~ 0 value is 0 (normal mode); Auto configuration mode

PHYCONF |= 0x20; // Set the PHY_RSTn bit (reset bit)

Delay(); // Delay for reset timing (refer to the section 10 ‘Reset Timing’)

PHYCONF &= ~(0x20); // Clear the PHY_RSTn bit

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2 Memory

The W7100A’s memory is divided into two types of memories: “Code Memory” and “Data

Memory”. Each memory can use the memory lock function. If the lock is set, internal memory

accessing from outside is denied and also cannot use the W7100A debugger. For more detailed

information about the memory lock function, please refer to the “WizISP Program Guide”.

The memory structure of W7100A is roughly shown figure 2.1.

Figure 2.1 Code / Data Memory Connections

2.1 Code Memory

“Code Memory” consists the Boot ROM from 0x0000 to 0x07FF and Code FLASH from 0x0000

to 0xFFFF. After the system is reset, the W7100A always executes the code of Boot ROM at

“Code Memory.” According to the BOOTEN pin, the code of Boot ROM executes differently.

Figure 2.2 shows the flow of Boot ROM code. After the booting, the system proceeds to either

the ISP process or the APP Entry according to the BOOTEN pin. When ISP process is selected

(BOOTEN = ‘1’), the ISP code of the Boot ROM will run. Otherwise ( BOOTEN = ‘0’), the system

jumps to the APP Entry without running the ISP code of Boot ROM.

ISP code is used for WizISP program when writing user code to code FLASH. And the APP

Entry is used for running user application code. The APP Entry contains the ‘memory map

switching code’ and the jumping code which jumps to the start address 0x0000 of the user

application in Code FLASH memory. The memory map switching is as below.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 2.2. Boot Sequence Flowchart

The initial state of W7100A has both ‘Boot ROM / APP Entry’ and FLASH as shown in Figure

2.3. But since the addresses of ‘Boot ROM / APP Entry’ and FLASH are overlapped, they use

same address at 0x0000 ~ 0x07FF / 0xFFF7 ~ 0xFFFF. The iMCU W7100A respectively maps the

‘Boot ROM / APP Entry’ and FLASH(64K) to the code and data memory.

The user application code can be written to the FLASH(mapped to data memory). But in this

state, the FLASH cannot be used as a code memory because this state is for writing user

application code. To use the FLASH as a code memory, the memory map needs to be switched.

To do this, user should select APP Mode by setting the BOOTEN pin to ‘0’, and then the Boot

ROM code jumps to APP Entry immediately. Next, the APP Entry un-maps the Boot ROM and

maps the Code FLASH to code memory. After switching the code memory map, the APP Entry

Figure 2.3 APP Entry Process

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

jumps to start address of Code FLASH (0x0000). This flow is shown in Figure 2.3.

If the APP Mode is selected, the Code FLASH 64KB can be used as a code memory. But both

FLASH and APP Entry are still overlapped at the same address. Therefore, to use all FLASH

64KB, the APP Entry must be un-mapped from “Code Memory.” To un-map APP Entry, user

should set RB bit in WCONF(0xFF) to ‘0’ at the user startup code. Then the APP Entry is un-

mapped as shown below.

Figure 2.4 Changing the code memory Status at RB = ‘0’

WCONF (0xFF)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

RB ISPEN EM2 EM1 EM0 Reserved

FB BE 0x00

When the Code FLASH takes more than 0xFFF7, the below code must be inserted into startup

code. If using this method, the W7100A immediately disables the APP Entry address after its

system reset.

ANL 0FFH, #07FH ; Clear Reboot flag

Set the BOOTEN pin to ‘0’ and clear the RB bit of WCONF register at the startup code. Then

the embedded Code FLASH 64KB memory of the W7100A can be completely used as a code

memory.

2.1.1 Code Memory Wait States

The wait states are managed by internal WTST(0x92) register. The number of wait states is

fixed by the value stored in the WTST register. Please refer to the section 2.5.10 ‘New &

Extended SFR’ for more details.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2.2 Data Memory

The W7100A contains 64KB of embedded RAM, 64KB of TCPIPCore and the 255Byte of the

Data FLASH. The Data FLASH can be used for saving user IP, MAC, subnet mask or port number.

Also the W7100A can address up to 16M bytes of external Data Memory. The figure below

shows the Data Memory map. This memory is accessed by MOVX instructions only. The

external memory can be extended by user.

Figure 2.5 Data Memory Map

2.2.1 Data Memory Wait States

The Data Memory wait states are managed by CKCON(0x8E). The number of wait states is

fixed to the value stored inside CKCON register. Please refer to the section 2.5.10 ‘New &

Extended SFR’ for more detailed information.

2.3 External Data Memory Access

The external address pin and data pin has two access modes. The first mode is to use latch

to address line in standard 8051. And the second method is directly connecting all lines to

address line. Also user can use address pin and data pin as GPIO (General Purpose I/O). Please

refer to the section 10 ‘Electrical specification’ for the speed of external memory accessing.

Table 2.1 External memory access mode

Mode EM[2:0] P0 P1 P2 P3

Standard 1 001 Addr[7:0]/Data[7:0]

GPIO Addr[15:8] GPIO

Standard 2 011 Addr[7:0]/Data[7:0]

GPIO Addr[15:8] Addr[23:16]

Direct 1 101 Data[7:0] Addr[7:0] Addr[15:8] GPIO

Direct 2 111 Data[7:0] Addr[7:0] Addr[15:8] Addr[23:16]

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2.3.1 Standard 8051 Interface

This method is same as external interface of general 8051. But the range of accessible

address is changed refer to the setting of EM[2:0] (External Memory Mode) which spaced

WCONF(0xFF) of SFR register. When user sets the EM[2:0] to “001”, the port0 is used as

address/data bus and the port2 is used as upper side address (A[15:8]). The port1 and port3 is

used as GPIO. It is shown the figure below.

W7100A

A[15:0]

AD[7:0]

D[7:0]

Latch

ALE

P0[7:0]

External

Device

P1[7:0]

P2[7:0]

EM[2:0]=001

WCONF

(0xFF) GPIO

GPIO

A[15:8]

P3[7:0]

Figure 2.6 Standard 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “001”)

When user sets the EM[2:0] to “011”, as in the previous case, the port0 is used as

address/data bus and the port2 is used as upper side address (A[15:8]). But, since the port3 is

used as topside address (A[23:16]), the range of accessible address is expanded. The

remained port1 is used as GPIO. It is shown the figure below.

Figure 2.7 Standard 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “011”)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

In the Standard 8051 External pin access mode, MCU controls the ALE (Address Latch Enable)

signal to classify the address and data signal. User can configure the duration of ALE signal

using the ALECON(0x9F) SFR. For more detailed information about ALECON, please refer to

the section 2.5.10 ‘New & Extended SFR’.

2.3.2 Direct Interface

This method is directly connecting the data line to address line. When user sets the EM[2:0]

to “101”, the port0 is used as data line (D[7:0]) and the port1 is lower side address (A[7:0])

and the port2 is used as upper side address (A[15:8]). The remained port3 can be used as

GPIO. Using this method, user can connect data line to address line without latch. It is shown

the figure 2.8 as below.

W7100A A[7:0]

D[7:0]

P1[7:0]

P0[7:0]

External

Device

P2[7:0]

P3[7:0] GPIO

A[15:8]

A[15:0]

EM[2:0]=101

WCONF

(0xFF)

Figure 2.8 Direct 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “101”)

When user sets the EM[2:0] to “111”, the port0, port1 and port2 has same usage in the

previous case and the port3 is used as topside address (A[23:16]). In this method, there is no

port to use GPIO. It is shown the figure below.

Figure 2.9 Direct 8051 External Pin Access Mode (EM[2:0] = “111”)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2.4 Internal Data Memory and SFR

The Figure below shows the Internal Memory and Special Function Registers (SFR) map.

Figure 2.10 Internal Memory Map

The lower internal RAM consists of four register banks with eight registers each, a bit-

addressable segment with 128 bits (16 bytes) that begins at 0x20, and a scratchpad area with

208 bytes is embedded. With indirect addressing mode ranging from 0x80 to 0xFF, the highest

128 bytes is accessed as an internal memory. But with direct addressing mode ranging from

0x80 to 0xFF, this area is accessed as a SFR memory.

Figure 2.11 SFR Memory Map

New SFR – New additional SFR, described in this section

Extended SFR – Extended from standard 8051, described in this section

Standard – standard 8051 SFR, described in this section

All of the SFR in the left hand side column ending with 0 or 8 are bit addressable.

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2.5 SFR definition

The following section describes SFR of W7100A and its functions. For more detailed

information about peripheral SFR, please refer to the section 2.5.11 ‘Peripheral SFR’.

2.5.1 Program Code Memory Write Enable Bit

Inside the PCON register, the Program Write Enable (PWE) bit is used to enable/disable

Program Write signal activity during MOVX instructions.

When the PWE bit is set to logic ‘1', the “MOVX @DPTR, A” instruction writes the data from

the accumulator register into the code memory addressed by using the DPTR register (active

DPH:DPL)

The “MOVX @Rx, A” instruction writes the data from the accumulator register into code

memory addressed by using the P2 register (bits 15:8) and Rx register (bits 7:0).

PCON (0x87)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SMOD0 - - PWE - 0 0 0 0x00

Figure 2.13 PWE bit of PCON Register

Note: 1. PCON.2 ~ PCON.0 bits are reserved. They must be set to ‘0’

2.5.2 Program Code Memory Wait States Register

Wait states register provides the information for code memory access time.

WTST (0x92)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - - - WTST.2

WTST.1

WTST.0 0x07

Figure 2.14 Code memory Wait States Register

Note: 1. These bits are considered during program fetches and MOVC instructions only.

Since code memory write are performed by MOVX instruction, CKCON

register regulates the CODE-WR pulse width.

2. Read cycle takes minimal 4 clock period and maximal 8 clock periods.

Table 2.2 WTST Register Values

WTST[2:0] Access Time [clk]

7 8

6 7

5 6

4 5

3 4

2 Not Used

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1 Not Used

0 Not Used

During Instruction fetching, code memory can be accessed by MOVC instruction only. The

code memory can be read with minimal 3 wait states. The timing diagrams are shown in the

Figures below.

Figure 2.12 Waveform for code memory Synchronous Read Cycle with Minimal Wait State

s (WTST = ‘3’)

Note: 1. clk – System clock frequency (88.4736 MHz)

2. ADDRESS – Address of the actual modified program byte

3. CODE_RD – Read signal of the code memory

4. CODE – Data write to the actual modified program byte

The code memory can be written by MOVX instruction with minimal 3 wait states. It allows

W7100A core to operate with fast and slow code memory devices. The timing diagrams are

shown in the Figure below.

Figure 2.13 Waveform for code memory Synchronous Write Cycle with Minimal Wait State

s(WTST = ‘3’)

Note: 1. clk – System clock frequency (88.4736 MHz)

2. ADDRESS – Address of the actual modified program byte

3. CODE – Data write to the actual modified program byte

4. CODE_WR – Write signal of the code memory

5. PRG – State of the code memory

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2.5.3 Data Pointer Extended Registers

Data Pointer Extended registers, DPX0, DPX1 and MXAX, hold the most significant part of

memory addresses when accessing to data located above 64KB. After reset, DPX0, DPX1, and

MXAX restores to the default value 0x00.

DPX0 (0x93)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

DPXP.7 DPX.6 DPX.5 DPX.4 DPX.3 DPX.2 DPX.1 DPX.0 0x00

Figure 2.17 Data Pointer Extended Register

DPX1 (0x95)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

DPX1.7 DPX1.6

DPX1.5 DPX1.4

DPX1.3

DPX1.2

DPX1.1

DPX1.0 0x00

Figure 2.18 Data Pointer Extended Register

MXAX (0xEA)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

MXAM.7 MXAX.6

MXAX.5 MXAX.4

MXAX.3

MXAX.2

MXAX.1

MXAX.0 0x00

Figure 2.19 MOVX @RI Extended Register

When MOVX instruction uses DPTR0/DPTR1 register, the most significant part of the address

A[23:16] is always equal to the content of DPX0(0x93)/DPX1(0x95). When MOVX instruction

uses R0 or R1 register, the most significant part of the address A[23:16] is always equal to the

content of MXAX(0xEA) while another A[15:8] is always equal to P2(0xA0) contents.

2.5.4 Data Pointer Registers

Dual data pointer registers are implemented to speed up data block copying. DPTR0 and

DPTR1 are located in four SFR addresses. Active DPTR register is selected by SEL bit (0x86.0).

If the SEL bit set to ‘0’, DPTR0 (0x83:0x82) is selected, otherwise DPTR1 (0x85:0x84) is

selected.

DPTR0(0x83:0x82)

DPH0(0x83) DPL0(0x82) Reset

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0 0x0000

Figure 2.20 Data Pointer Register DPTR0

DPTR1(0x85:0x84)

DPH1(0x85) DPL1(0x84) Reset

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0 0x0000

Figure 2.21 Data Pointer 1 Register DPTR1

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

DPS (0x86)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

ID1 ID0 TSL - - - - SEL 0x00

Figure 2.22 Data Pointer Select Register

Note: TSL - Toggle select enable. When TSL is set, this bit toggles the SEL bit by exec

uting the following instructions.

INC DPTR

MOV DPTR, #data16

MOVC A, @A + DPTR

MOVX @DPTR, A

MOVX A, @DPTR

When TSL = 0, DPTR related instructions will not affect the state of the SEL

bit.

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1.

Table 2.3 DPTR0, DPTR1 Operations

ID1 ID0 SEL = 0 SEL = 1

0 0 INC DPTR INC DPTR1

0 1 DEC DPTR INC DPTR1

1 0 INC DPTR DEC DPTR1

1 1 DEC DPTR DEC DPTR1

Selected data pointer register is used in the following instructions:

MOVX @DPTR, A

MOVX A, @DPTR

MOVC A, @A + DPTR

JMP @A + DPTR

INC DPTR

MOV DPTR, #data16

2.5.5 Clock Control Register

Clock control register CKCON (0x8E) contains MD [2:0] bits which provide the information for

the dedicated data memory read/write signal pulses width.

CKCON (0x8E)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

WD1 WD0 - - - MD2 MD1 MD0 0x07

Figure 2.23 Clock Control Register – STRETCH bits

The dedicated data memory read/write signals are activated during MOVX instruction. The

purpose of MD[2:0] is to adjust the communication speed with I/O devices such as slow RAM,

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

LCD displays, etc. After reset, MD[2:0] will be restored to the default value of 0x07, which

means that slow devices work properly. Users can change the MD[2:0] value to speed up/slow

down the software execution. The value of MD[2:0] can be changed any time during program

execution (e.g. between MOVX and different speed devices).

Table 2.4 MD[2:0] Bit Values

MD[2:0] Pulse Width[clock]

7 8

… …

2 3

1 Not Used

0 Not Used

This read/write pulse width must have a minimum of 3 clock cycle and a maximum of 8

clock cycle.

2.5.6 Internal Memory Wait States Register

Internal Memory Wait States Register INTWTST(0x9C) is used for setting the access time of

internal 64KB RAM, TCPIPCore and 255Byte internal flash.

INTWTST (0x9C)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Ram WTST TCPIPCore WTST Flash WTST 0xFF

Figure 2.24 Internal Memory Wait States Register

- Ram WTST: Set the 64Kbytes RAM access time, has two 2bit value 0 ~ 3.

- TCPIPCore WTST: Set the TCPIPCore access time, has 3bit value 0 ~ 7.

- Flash WTST: Set the internal flash access time, has 3bit value 0 ~ 7.

Internal ram WTST value means below access time in table 2.3.

Table 2.5 Ram WTST Bit Values

WTST Pulse Width[clock]

3 5

2 4

1 3

0 2

TCPIPCore, Internal flash WTST value means below access time in table 2.4.

Table 2.6 TCPIPCore / Flash WTST Bit Values

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

WTST Pulse Width[clock]

7 10

6 9

5 8

4 7

3 6

2 5

1 4

0 3

2.5.7 Address Latch Enable Register

ALECON SFR is used for standard 8051 external pin access mode. The time duration of ALE

(Address Latch Enable) signal can be controlled by ALECON SFR.

If we set the ALECON to 1, ALE signal will be down to ‘0’ after 1 clock. If we set it to ‘n’,

ALE signal maintains 1+n clock and down to ‘0’.

ALE maintain duration = ALECON value + 1 clock

The initial value of ALECON is 0xFF. User can configure this value depending on external

device speed.

ALECON (0x9F)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

AC.7 AC.6 AC.5 AC.4 AC.3 AC.2 AC.1 AC.0 0xFF

Figure 2.25 Internal Memory Wait States Register

2.5.8 External Memory Wait States Register

EXTWTST SFR is used for configuring the timing of external memory access. Using the 16bit

of this SFR user can control the value from 0 to 65535.

EXTWTST0 (0x9D)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EW.7 EW.6 EW.5 EW.4 EW.3 EW.2 EW.1 EW.0 0xFF

Figure 2.26 First Byte of Internal Memory Wait States Register

EXTWTST1 (0x9E)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EW.15 EW.14 EW.13 EW.12 EW.11 EW.10 EW.9 EW.8 0xFF

Figure 2.27 Second Byte of Internal Memory Wait States Register

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2.5.9 Stack Pointer

The W7100A has an 8-bit stack pointer called SP(0x81) and is located in the internal RAM

space.

SP (0x81)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SP.7 SP.6 SP.5 SP.4 SP.3 SP.2 SP.1 SP.0 0x07

Figure 2.28 Stack Pointer Register

This pointer is incremented before data is stored in PUSH and CALL executions, and

decremented after data is popped in POP, RET, and RETI executions. In other words, the Stack

pointers always points to the last valid stack byte.

2.5.10 New & Extended SFR

PHY_IND(0xEF): PHY indicator register, shows the current state of internal PHY in W7100A.

PHY_IND (0xEF)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

FDX SPD LINK 0x00

Figure 2.29 PHY Status Register

Note: FDX : 0 – Full duplex / 1 – Half duplex

SPD : 0 – 100Mbps / 1 – 10Mbps

LINK : 0 – The link is down / 1 – The link is up

ISPID(0xF1) : ID Register for ISP.

ISPADDR16(0xF2) : 16bit Address Register for ISP

ISPDATA(0xF4) : Data Register for ISP.

CKCBK(0xF5) : CKCON Backup Register.

DPX0BK(0xF6) : DPX0 Backup Register.

DPX1BK(0xF7) : DPX1 Backup Register.

DPSBK(0xF9) : DPX Backup Register.

RAMBA16(0xFA) : RAM Base Address Register.

RAMEA16(0xFC) : RAM End Address Register.

PHYCONF (0xFE): W7100A PHY operation mode, reset, power down configuration register

PHYCONF (0xFE)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - PHY_RSTn PHY_PWDN

MODE_EN

MODE2

MODE1

MODE0 0x00

Figure 2.30 Internal PHY Configuration Register

Note: PHY_RSTn: Reset the Internal PHY of W7100A, if user want to reset the PHY usi

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

ng this bit, set this bit ‘1’ first, then manually clear to ‘0’ after the

reset time. About the reset time please refer to the section 10 ‘Elec

trical Specification’.

PHY_PWDN: 1- Power down mode: turn off the embedded Ethernet PHY to save

power consumption

0 – Normal operation mode.

MODE_EN : 1 – Configure W7100A operation mode using the MODE2 ~ 0 bit / 0 – d

on’t use MODE2 ~ 0 bit. In the QFN 64pin package, must use this bit

and MODE2 ~ 0 bits to configure the operation mode of W7100A

MODE2 ~ 0: Please refer to the section 1.4.2 ‘Pin Description’ PM2 ~ 0 pin settin

g value, MODE2 ~ 0 bit are same as PM2 ~ 0 pin.

- : Reserved, must be set to ‘0’

ex> usage of mode selection using MODE2 ~ 0

PHYCONF |= 0x08; // MODE_EN bit enable

PHYCONF &= 0xF8; // MODE2 ~ 0 value is 0 (normal mode); Auto configuration mode

PHYCONF |= 0x20; // Set the PHY_RSTn bit (reset bit)

Delay(); // Delay for reset timing(refer to the section 10 ‘Electrical Specification’)

PHYCONF &= ~(0x20); // Clear the PHY_RSTn bit

WCONF(0xFF): W7100A configuration register

WCONF (0xFF)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

RB ISPEN EM2 EM1 EM0 Reserved

FB BE 0x00

Figure 2.31 W7100A Configuration Register

Note: RB : 0 – No Reboot / 1 – Reboot after the ISP done (APP Entry(0xFFF7 ~

0xFFFF) RD/WR Enable)

ISPEN : 0 – Enable ISP in Boot built in W7100A / 1 – Disable

EM[2:0] : External memory mode, please refer to the section 2.3 ‘External Data

Memory Access’.

FB : FLASH Busy Flag for ISP. Read only.

BE : Boot Enable (1 – Boot Running / 0 – Apps Running). Read only.

CLKCNT0(0xDC): W7100A core clock count register bit0 ~ 7.

CLK_CNT0 (0xDC)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 0x00

Figure 2.32 Core clock count register

Note: CLK_CNT is 32bit SFR, reset value is 0, increase its value at every core clock. T

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his SFR is used for counting core clock or measuring time or clock.

ex> 1 second = about 88000000 clock count (core clock is about 88MHz)

CLKCNT0(0xDD): W7100A core clock count register bit8 ~ 15.

CLK_CNT1 (0xDD)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Bit15 Bit14 Bit13 Bit12 Bit11 Bit10 Bit9 Bit8 0x00

Figure 2.33 Core clock count register

CLKCNT0(0xDE): W7100A core clock count register bit16 ~ 23.

CLK_CNT2 (0xDE)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Bit23 Bit22 Bit21 Bit20 Bit19 Bit18 Bit17 Bit16 0x00

Figure 2.34 Core clock count register

CLKCNT0(0xDF): W7100A core clock count register bit24 ~ 31.

CLK_CNT3 (0xDF)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Bit31 Bit30 Bit29 Bit28 Bit27 Bit26 Bit25 Bit24 0x00

Figure 2.35 Core clock count register

2.5.11 Peripheral Registers

P0, P1, P2, P3 : Port register. For detail information, please refer to the section 4 ‘I/O

Ports’ for the Functionality of I/O Ports.

TCON(0x88) : Timer0, 1 configuration register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 5.1 ‘Timer 0, 1’ for the Functionality of Timer0 and Timer 1.

TMOD(0x89) : Timer0, 1 control mode register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 5.1 ‘Timer 0, 1’ for the Functionality of Timer0 and Timer 1.

TH0(0x8C), TL0(0x8A) : Counter register of timer 0. For detail information, please refer to

the section 5.1 ‘Timer 0, 1’ for the Functionality of Timer0 and

Timer 1.

TH1(0x8D), TL1(0x8B) : Counter register of timer 1. For detail information, please refer to

the section 5.1 ‘Timer 0, 1’ for the Functionality of Timer0 and

Timer 1.

SCON(0x98) : UART Configuration Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 6 ‘UART’ for the Functionality of UART.

SBUF(0x99) : UART Buffer Register. For detail information, please refer to the section 6

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‘UART’ for the Functionality of UART.

IE(0xA8) : UART Bits in Interrupt Enable Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 6 ‘UART’ for the Functionality of UART.

IP(0xB8) : UART Bits in Interrupt Priority Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 6 ‘UART’ for the Functionality of UART.

TA(0xC7) : Timed Access Register. For detail information, please refer to the section 7

‘Watchdog Timer’ for Timed Access Registers of Watchdog Timer.

T2CON(0xC8) : Timer 2 Configuration Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 5.2 ‘Timer 2’ for the Functionality of Timer 2.

RLDH(0xCB), RLDL(0xCA) : Capture Registers of Timer 2. For detail information, please

refer to the section 5.2 ‘Timer 2’ for the Functionality of Timer

2.

TH2(0xCD), TL2(0xCC) : Counter Register of Timer 2. For detail information, please refer to

the section 5.2 ‘Timer 2’ for the Functionality of Timer 2.

PSW(0xD0) : Program Status Word Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 1.3.1 ‘ALU’.

WDCON(0xD8) : Watchdog Control Register. For detail information, please refer to the

section 7 ‘Watchdog Timer’.

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3 Interrupt

The functions of interrupt pins are described in the table below. All pins are unidirectional.

There are no tri-state signals.

Table 3.1 External Interrupt Pin Description

Pin Active Typ e Pu/Pd Description

nINT0/FA6 Low/Falling I - External interrupt 0

nINT1/FA7 Low/Falling I - External interrupt 1

nINT2/FA8 Falling I - External interrupt 2

nINT3/FA9 Falling I - External interrupt 3

nINT4 - Reserved

TCPIPCore

(nINT5)

Falling I - Interrupt Request Signal for TCPIPCore

The W7100A core is implemented with two levels of interrupt priority control. Each external

interrupt can be in high or low level priority group by setting or clearing a bit in the IP(0xB8)

and EIP(0xF8) registers. External interrupt pins are activated by a falling edge signal.

Interrupt requests are sampled at the rising edge of the system’s clock.

Table 3.2 W7100A Interrupt Summary

Interrupt

Flag

Function Active

Level/Edge

Flag Reset Vector

Interrupt

Number

Natural

Priority

IE0 Device pin INT0 Low/Falling

Hardware 0x03 0 1

TF0 Internal, Timer0 - Hardware 0x0B 1 2

IE1 Device pin INT1 Low/Falling

Hardware 0x13 2 3

TF1 Internal, Timer1 - Hardware 0x1B 3 4

TI & RI Internal, UART - Software 0x23 4 5

TF2 Internal, Timer2 - Software 0x2B 5 6

INT2F Device Pin INT2 Falling Software 0x43 8 7

INT3F Device Pin INT3 Falling Software 0x4B 9 8

INT4F Reserved

INT5F

TCPIPCore

Interrupt for

TCPIPCore

Falling Software 0x5B 11 10

WDIF Internal,

WATCHDOG

- Software 0x63 12 11

Each interrupt vector can be individually enabled or disabled by changing the corresponding

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bit in IE(0xA8) and EIE(0xE8) registers. The IE register contains global interrupt system

disable(0)/enable(1) bit called EA.

IE (0xA8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 0x00

Figure 3.1 Interrupt Enable Register

Note: EA - Enable global interrupt

EX0 - Enable INT0 interrupt

ET0 - Enable Timer0 interrupt

EX1 - Enable INT1 interrupt

ET1 - Enable Timer1 interrupt

ES – Enable UART interrupt

ET2 - Enable Timer2 interrupt

All these bits which generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same

result by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated or cancelled by software. The only

exceptions are the request flags IE0 and IE1. If the external interrupt 0 or 1 are programmed

as level-activated, the IE0 and IE1 are controlled by the external source pins nINT0/FA6 and

nINT1/FA7 respectively.

IP (0xB8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 0x00

Figure 3.2 Interrupt Priority Register

Note: PX0 - INT0 priority level control (high level at 1)

PT0 - Timer0 priority level control (high level at 1)

PX1 - INT1 priority level control (high level at 1)

PT1 - Timer1 priority level control (high level at 1)

PS - UART priority level control (high level at 1)

PT2 – Timer2 priority level control (high level at 1)

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

TCON (0x88)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 0x00

Figure 3.3 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register

Note: IT0 - INT0 level (at 0)/edge (at 1) sensitivity

IT1 - INT1 level (at 0)/edge (at 1) sensitivity

IE0 - INT0 interrupt flag is automatically cleared when processor branches to

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interrupt routine

IE1 – INT1 interrupt flag is automatically cleared when processor branches to

interrupt routine

TF0 - Timer0 interrupt (overflow) flag. Automatically cleared when processor

branches to interrupt routine

TF1 – Timer 1 interrupt (overflow) flag. Automatically cleared when processor

branches to interrupt routine

SCON (0x98)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 0x00

Figure 3.4 UART Configuration Register

Note: RI - UART receiver interrupt flag

TI - UART transmitter interrupt flag

EIE (0xE8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - EWDI EINT5 EINT4 EINT3 EINT2 0x00

Figure 3.5 Extended Interrupt Enable Register

Note: EINT2 - Enable external INT2 Interrupt

EINT3 - Enable external INT3 Interrupt

EINT4 – Must be ‘0’, if use the EIE register

EINT5 - Enable TCPIPCore Interrupt

EWDI - Enable WATCHDOG Interrupt

EIP (0xF8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - PWDI PINT5 PINT4 PINT3 PINT2 0x00

Figure 3.6 Extended Interrupt Priority Register

Note: PINT2 - INT2 priority level control (high level at 1)

PINT3 - INT3 priority level control (high level at 1)

PINT4 – Must be set to ‘0’, if use the EIP register

PINT5 - TCPIPCore Interrupt priority level control (high level at 1)

PWDI - WATCHDOG priority level control (high level at 1)

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EIF (0x91)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - - INT5F INT4F INT3F INT2F 0x00

Figure 3.7 Extended Interrupt Flag Register

Note: INT2F - INT2 interrupt flag. Must be cleared by software

INT3F – INT3 interrupt flag. Must be cleared by software

INT4F – Must be set to ‘0’. if use the EIF register

INT5F - TCPIPCore Interrupt flag. Must be cleared by software

WDCON (0xD8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - - WDIF WTRF EWT RWT 0x00

Figure 3.8 Watchdog Control Register

Note: WDIF - Watchdog Interrupt Flag. WDIF in conjunction with the Enable Wat

chdog Interrupt bit (EIE.4) and EWT provides information such as

whether the Watchdog Timer event has been encountered or not

and what action should be taken. This bit must be cleared by sof

tware before exiting the interrupt service routine. By using softwa

re to enable the WDIF, a Watchdog interrupt is generated. Enable

d software-set WDIF will generate a Watchdog interrupt. Timed Ac

cess Register procedure can be used to modify this bit.

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4 I/O Ports

The I/O port pin functionalities are described in the following table.

Table 4.1 I/O Ports Pin Description

Pin Active Ty pe Pu/Pd

Description

P0[7:0] - IO - Port0 input / output

P1[7:0] - IO - Port1 input / output

P2[7:0] - IO - Port2 input / output

P3[7:0] - IO - Port3 input / output

P0 (0x80)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

P0.7 P0.6 P0.5 P0.4 P0.3 P0.2 P0.1 P0.0 0xFF

Figure 4.1 Port0 Register

P1 (0x90)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

P1.7 P1.6 P1.5 P1.4 P1.3 P1.2 P1.1 P1.0 0xFF

Figure 4.2 Port1 Register

P2 (0xA0)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

P2.7 P2.6 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2 P2.1 P2.0 0xFF

Figure 4.3 Port2 Register

P3 (0xB0)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

P3.7 P3.6 P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 P3.1 P3.0 0xFF

Figure 4.4 Port3 Register

Read and write accesses are performed in the I/O ports via their corresponding SFR: P0

(0x80), P1 (0x90), P2 (0xA0), and P3 (0xB0). Some port-reading instructions read from the

data registers while others read from the port pin. The “Read-Modify-Write” instructions are

directed to the data registers as shown below.

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Table 4.2 Read-Modify-Write Instructions

Instruction Function Description

ANL Logic AND

ORL Logic OR

XRL Logic exclusive OR

JBC Jump if bit is set and cleared

CPL Complement bit

INC, DEC Increment, decrement byte

DJNZ Decrement and jump if not zero

MOV Px.y, C Move carry bit to bit y of port x

CLR Px.y Clear bit y of port x

SETB Px.y Set bit y of port x

All other instructions read from a port exclusively through the port pins. All ports pin can be

used as GPIO (General Purpose Input Output). The GPIO of W7100A is shown in the Figure

below. The output driving voltage of GPIO is 0V or 3.3V according to the Px_PD/PU SFR value.

P0_PD(0xE3): GPIO0 Pull-down register, the value ‘1’ pull-down the related pin.

P0_PD (0xE3)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port0[7] Port0[6]

Port0[5] Port0[4]

Port0[3]

Port0[2]

Port0[1]

Port0[0] 0x00

Figure 4.5 Port0 Pull-down register

P1_PD(0xE4): GPIO1 Pull-down register, the value ‘1’ pull-down the related pin.

P1_PD (0xE4)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port1[7] Port1[6]

Port1[5] Port1[4]

Port1[3]

Port1[2]

Port1[1]

Port1[0] 0x00

Figure 4.6 Port1 Pull-down register

P2_PD(0xE5): GPIO2 Pull-down register, the value ‘1’ pull-down the related pin.

P2_PD (0xE5)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port2[7] Port2[6]

Port2[5] Port2[4]

Port2[3]

Port2[2]

Port2[1]

Port2[0] 0x00

Figure 4.7 Port2 Pull-down register

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P3_PD(0xE6): GPIO3 Pull-down register, the value ‘1’ pull-down the related pin.

P3_PD (0xE6)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port3[7] Port3[6]

Port3[5] Port3[4]

Port3[3]

Port3[2]

Port3[1]

Port3[0] 0x00

Figure 4.8 Port3 Pull-down register

P0_PU(0xEB): GPIO0 Pull-up register, the value ‘1’ means pull-up the related pin.

P0_PU (0xEB)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port0[7] Port0[6]

Port0[5] Port0[4]

Port0[3]

Port0[2]

Port0[1]

Port0[0] 0x00

Figure 4.9 Port0 Pull-up register

P1_PU(0xEC): GPIO1 Pull-up register, the value ‘1’ means pull-up the related pin.

P1_PU (0xEC)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port1[7] Port1[6]

Port1[5] Port1[4]

Port1[3]

Port1[2]

Port1[1]

Port1[0] 0x00

Figure 4.10 Port1 Pull-up register

P2_PU(0xED): GPIO2 Pull-up register, the value ‘1’ means pull-up the related pin.

P2_PU (0xED)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port2[7] Port2[6]

Port2[5] Port2[4]

Port2[3]

Port2[2]

Port2[1]

Port2[0] 0x00

Figure 4.11 Port2 Pull-up register

P3_PU(0xEE): GPIO3 Pull-up register, the value ‘1’ means pull-up the related pin.

P3_PU (0xEE)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

Port3[7] Port3[6]

Port3[5] Port3[4]

Port3[3]

Port3[2]

Port3[1]

Port3[0] 0x00

Figure 4.12 Port3 Pull-up register

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

5 Timers

The W7100A contains two 16-bit timers/counters, Timer0 and Timer 1. In the ‘timer mode’,

the timer registers are incremented by every 12 CLK periods. In “counter mode”, the timer

registers are incremented during the falling transition on their corresponding input pins: T0 or

T1. The input pins are sampled at every CLK period.

5.1 Timers 0, 1

5.1.1 Overview

The Timer0, 1 pin functionalities are described in the following table. All pins are

unidirectional. There are no tri-state output pins and internal signals.

Table 5.1 Timers 0, 1 Pin Description

Pin Active Typ e Pu/Pd Description

T0/FCS Falling I - Timer0 clock

GATE0/FOE High I - Timer0 clock gate control

T1/FAE Falling I - Timer1 clock

GATE1/FA0 High I - Timer1 clock gate control

Timer0 and Timer 1 are fully compatible with the standard 8051 timers. Each timer consists

of two 8-bit registers, TH0 (0x8C) and TL0 (0x8A), TH1 (0x8D) and TL1 (0x8B). The timers

work in four modes which are described below.

Table 5.2 Timers 0, 1 Mode

M1 M0 Mode

Function Description

0 0 0 THx operates as a 8-bit timer/counter with a divided-by-32

prescaler served by lower 5-bit of TLx

0 1 1 16-bit timer/counter. THx and TLx are cascaded.

1 0 2 TLx operates as a 8-bit timer/counter with 8bit auto-reload by

THx.

1 1 3 TL0 is configured as a 8-bit timer/counter controlled by the

standard Timer0 bits. TH0 is a 8-bit timer controlled by Timer 1

control bits. Timer 1 holds its count.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

TMOD (0x89)

Timer1 Timer0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

GATE CT M1 M0 GATE CT M1 M0 0x00

Figure 5.1 Timer0, 1 Control Mode Register

Note: GATE - Gating control

1: Timer x is enabled while GATEx pin is at high and TRx control b

it is set

0: Timer x is enabled while TRx control bit is set

CT - Counter or timer select bit

1: Counter mode, Timer x clock source from Tx pin

0: Timer mode, internally clocked

M1, M0 – Mode select bits

TCON (0x88)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 0x00

Figure 5.2 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register

Note: TR0 - Timer0 run control bit

1: Enabled

0: Disabled

TR1 - Timer 1 run control bit

1: Enabled

0: Disabled

External input pins, GATE0 and GATE1, can be programmed to function as a gate to

facilitate pulse width measurements.

5.1.2 Interrupts

Timer0, 1 interrupt related bits are shown below. An interrupt can be toggled by the IE

register, and priorities can be configured in the IP register.

IE (0xA8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 0x00

Figure 5.3 Interrupt Enable Register

Note: EA - Enable global interrupts

ET0 - Enable Timer0 interrupts

ET1- Enable Timer1 interrupts

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IP (0xB8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 0x00

Figure 5.4 Interrupt Priority Register

Note: PT0 - Enable global interrupts

PT1 - Enable Timer0 interrupts

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

TCON (0x88)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 0x00

Figure 5.5 Timer0, 1 Configuration Register

Note: TF0 - Timer0 interrupt (overflow) flag. Automatically cleared when proce

ssor branches to interrupt routine

TF1 - Timer1 interrupt (overflow) flag. Automatically cleared when proces

sor branches to interrupt routine

All of the bits which generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same

result by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated or cancelled by software.

Table 5.3 Timer0, 1 interrupts

Interrupt

Flag

Function Active

Level/Edge

Flag Resets

Vector Natural Priority

TF0 Internal, Timer0 - Hardware 0x0B 2

TF1 Internal, Timer1 - Hardware 0x1B 4

5.1.3 Timer0 – Mode0

The Timer0 register is configured as a 13-bit register (8bit: Timer, 5bit: prescaler). As the all

counts (valid bits) roll over from 1 to 0, Timer0 interrupt flag TF0 is set. The timer starts

counting when TCON.4 =1 and either TMOD.3 = 0 or GATE0 = 1. By setting TMOD.3 = 1, the

external input GATE0 can control Timer0 to manage the pulse width measurements. The 13-

bit register consists of 8 bits TH0 and 5 bits of TL0. The upper 3 bits of TL0 should be ignored.

Refer to the following Figure for details.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 5.6 Timer Counter0, Mode0: 13-Bit Timer/Counter

5.1.4 Timer0 – Mode1

Mode1 is the same as Mode0, except that the timer register is running with all 16 bits.

Mode1 is shown in the Figure below.

Figure 5.7 Timer/Counter0, Mode1: 16-Bit Timer/Counter

5.1.5 Timer0 – Mode2

Mode2 configures the timer register as a 8-bit counter TL0 with automatic reload as shown

in the Figure below. During an overflow from TL0, it sets TF0 and reloads the contents of TH0

into TL0. TH0 remains unchanged after the reload is completed.

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Figure 5.8 Timer/Counter0, Mode2: 8-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload

5.1.6 Timer0 – Mode3

In this mode, the TL0 and TH0 are divided into two separate counters. The following Figure

shows the logic for Timer0 running in Mode3. The TL0 uses the Timer0 control bits: C/T, GATE,

TR0, GATE0 and TF0. And the TH0 is locked into a timer function and uses TR1 and TF1 flags

from Timer 1 and controls Timer 1 interrupt. Mode3 is used in applications which require an

extra 8-bit timer/counter. When Timer0 is in Mode3, Timer 1 can be turned on/off by

switching itself into Mode3, or can still be used by the serial channel as a baud rate generator,

or in any application where interrupt from Timer 1 is not required.

Figure 5.9 Timer/Counter0, Mode3: Two 8-Bit Timers/Counters

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5.1.7 Timer1 – Mode0

In this mode, the Timer1 register is configured as a 13-bit register (8bit: Timer, 5bit:

prescaler). As the all counts (valid bits) roll over from 1 to 0, Timer 1 interrupt flag TF1 is set.

The counted input is enabled to Timer 1 when TCON.6 = 1 and either TMOD.6 = 0 or GATE1 = 1.

(Setting TMOD.7 = 1 allows Timer 1 controlled by external input GATE1, to facilitate pulse

width measurements). The 13-bit register consists of 8 bits TH1 and the lower 5 bits of TL1.

The upper 3 bits of TL1 are indeterminate and should be ignored. Refer to the following

Figure for detail.

Figure 5.10 Timer/Counter1, Mode0: 13-Bit Timer/Counter

5.1.8 Timer1 – Mode1

Mode1 is the same as Mode0, except that the timer register is running with all 16 bits.

Mode1 is shown in the Figure below.

Figure 5.11 Timer/Counter1, Mode1: 16-Bit Timers/Counters

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5.1.9 Timer1 – Mode2

Mode2 configures timer register as 8-bit counter TL1, with automatic reload as shown in

Figure below. Overflow from TL1 only sets TF1, but also automatically reloads TL1 with the

contents of TH1. The reload leaves TH1 unchanged.

Figure 5.12 Timer/Counter1, Mode2: 8-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload

5.1.10 Timer1 – Mode3

Timer1 in Mode3 holds counting. The effect is the same as setting TR1 = 0 because it is used

for Timer0-Mode3. For more detail, please refer to the section 5.1.6 ‘Timer0-Mode3’.

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5.2 Timer2

5.2.1 Overview

The Timer2 pin functionalities are described in the following table. All pins are

unidirectional. There are no tri-state output pins and internal signals.

Table 5.4 Timer2 Pin Description

Pin Active Typ e Pu/Pd Description

T2/FA1 Falling I - Timer2 external clock input

T2EX/FA2 Falling I - Timer2 capture/reload trigger

Timer2 of W7100A is fully compatible with the standard 8051 Timer2. A total of five SFR are

used to control Timer2 operation, TH2/TL2 (0xCD/0xCC) counter registers, RLDH/RLDL

(0xCB/0xCA) capture registers, and T2CON (0xC8) control register. Timer2 works under three

modes selected by T2CON bits as shown in the table below.

Table 5.5 Timer2 Modes

RCLK,TCLK CPRL2 TR2 Function Description

0 0 1 16-bit auto-reload mode. TF2 bit is set when Timer2

overflows. TH2 and TL2 registers are reloaded with 16-

bit value from RLDH and RLDL.

0 1 1 16-bit capture mode. TF2 bit is set when Timer2

overflows. When EXEN2=1 and T2EX pin is on the falling

edge, TH2 and TL2 register values are stored into RLDH

and RLDL.

1 X 1 Baud rate generator for UART interface

X X 0 Timer2 is off.

T2CON (0xC8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 CT2 CPRL2 0x00

Figure 5.13 Timer2 Configuration Register

Note: EXF2 – indicates a Falling edge in the T2EX pin when EXEN2=1. Must be cl

eared by software

RCLK - Receive clock enable

0: UART receiver is clocked by Timer1 overflow pulses

1: UART receiver is clocked by Timer2 overflow pulses

TCLK - Transmit clock enable

0: UART transmitter is clocked by Timer1 overflow pulses

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1: UART transmitter is clocked by Timer2 overflow pulses

EXEN2 - Enable T2EX pin functionality

0: Ignore T2EX events

1: Allow capture or reload as a result of T2EX pin falling edge

TR2 - Start/Stop Timer2

0: Stop

1: Start

CT2 - Timer/Counter select

0: Internally clocked timer

1: External event counter. Clock source is T2 pin

CPRL2 - Capture/Reload select

0: Automatic reload occurs when Timer2 overflow or falling edge of

the T2EX pin with EXEN2=1. When RCLK or TCLK is set, this bit

is ignored and automatic reload when Timer2 overflows.

1: On the falling edge of T2EX pin, capture is activated when EXEN

2=1.

Figure 5.14 Timer/Counter2, 16-Bit Timer/Counter with Auto-Reload

5.2.2 Interrupts

The interrupt bits for Timer2 are shown below. An interrupt can be toggled by the IE register,

and priorities can be configured by the IP register.

IE (0xA8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 0x00

Figure 5.15 Interrupt Enable Register — Timer2

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Note: EA - Enable global interrupts

ET2 - Enable Timer2 interrupts

IP (0xB8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 0x00

Figure 5.16 Interrupt Priority Register — Timer2

Note: PT2 - Timer2 interrupt priority level control (high level at 1)

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

T2CON (0xC8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 CT2 CPRL2 0x00

Figure 5.17 Timer2 Configuration Register — TF2

Note: TF2 – Timer2 interrupt (overflow) flag. It must be cleared by software. T

his flag will not be set when either RCLK or TCLK is set.

Figure 5.18 Timer/Counter2, 16-Bit Timer/Counter with Capture Mode

All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same

result by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated or cancelled by software.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Table 5.6 Timer2 Interrupt

Interrupt

Flag

Function Active

Level/Edge

Flag Resets

Vector Natural Priority

TF2 Internal, Timer2 - Software 0x2B 6

Interrupt is generated at the falling edge of T2EX pin with EXEN2 bit enabled.

Using the 0x2B vector, EXF2 is set by this interrupt, but the TF2 flag remains unchanged.

Figure 5.19 Timer2 for Baud Rate Generator Mode

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6 UART

The UART of W7100A operates in full duplex mode which is capable of receiving and

transmitting at the same time. Since the W7100A is double-buffered, the receiver is capable

of receiving data while the first byte of the buffer is not read. During a read operation, the

SBUF reads from the receive register. On the other hand, SBUF loads the data into the

transmit register during a send operation. The UART has 4 different modes which include one

in synchronous mode and three in asynchronous modes. Modes 2 and 3 include a special

feature for multiprocessor communication. This feature is enabled by setting the SM2 bit in

the SCON register. The master processor sends out the first address byte which identifies the

target slave. An address byte differs from a data byte in that the 9th bit is 1 in an address byte

and 0 in a data byte. With SM2 = 1, no slave will be interrupted by a data byte, while an

address byte will interrupt all slaves. The addressed slave will clear its SM2 bit and prepare to

receive the data bytes that will be coming. The slaves that were not being addressed leave

their SM2 set and ignore the incoming data.

The pin functionalities of UART are described in the following table.

Table 6.1 UART Pin Description

Pin Active Typ e Pu/Pd Description

RXD - I Pu Serial receiver input / output

TXD - O - Serial transmitter

The UART of W7100A is fully compatible with the standard 8051 UART. The UART related

registers are: SBUF (0x99), SCON (0x98), PCON (0x87), IE (0xA8) and IP (0xB8). The UART data

buffer (SBUF) consists of two registers: transmit and receive. When data is written into the

SBUF transmit register, the sending process begins. Similarly, data is read from the receive

register during the receiving process.

SBUF (0x99)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SB7 SB6 SB5 SB4 SB3 SB2 SB1 SB0 0x00

Figure 6.1 UART Buffer Register

SCON (0x98)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 0x00

Figure 6.2 UART Configuration Register

Note: SM2 - Enable a multiprocessor communication feature

SM1 - Set baud rate

SM0 - Set baud rate

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REN – ‘1’ : enable serial receive

‘0’: disable serial receive

TB8 - The 9th transmitted data bit in Modes 2 and 3. This bit is enabled

depending on the MCU’s operation (parity check, multiprocessor

communication, etc.),

RB8 - In Modes 2 and 3, it is the 9th bit of data received. In Mode1, if S

M2 is 0, RB08 is a stop bit. In Mode0, this bit is not used.

The UART modes are presented in the table below.

Table 6.2 UART Modes

SM0 SM1 Mode Description Baud Rate

0 0 0 Shift register fosc/12

0 1 1 8-bit UART Variable

1 0 2 9-bit UART fosc/32 or /64

1 1 3 9-bit UART Variable

The UART baud rates are presented below.

Table 6.3 UART Baud Rates

Mode Baud Rate

Mode0 fosc/12

Mode1,3 Time1 overflow rate or Timer2 overflow rate

Mode2 SMOD0 = 0 fosc/64

SMOD0 = 1 fosc/32

The SMOD0 bit is located in the PCON register.

PCON (0x87)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SMOD0 SMOD1

- PWE - 0 0 0 0x00

Figure 6.3 UART Bits in Power Configuration Register

Note: SMOD0 - Bit for UART baud rate

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

Bits 2-0 must be written as 0

6.1 Interrupts

UART interrupt related bits are shown below. An interrupt can be toggled by the IE register,

and priorities can be configured by the IP register.

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IE (0xA8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 0x00

Figure 6.4 UART Bits in Interrupt Enable Register

Note: ES - RI & TI interrupt enable flag

IP (0xB8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 0x00

Figure 6.5 UART Bits in Interrupt Priority Register

Note: SMOD0 - Bit for UART baud rate

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

SCON (0x98)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB08 RB08 TI RI 0x00

Figure 6.6 UART Configuration Register

Note: TI – Transmit interrupt flag, automatically set after completion of a serial

transfer. It must be cleared by software.

RI – Receive interrupt flag, automatically set after completion of a serial

reception. It must be cleared by software.

All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same

result by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated or cancelled by software.

Table 6.4 UART Interrupt

Interrupt

Flag

Function Active

Level/Edge

Flag Resets

Vector Natural Priority

TI & RI Internal, UART - software 0x23 5

6.2 Mode0, Synchronous

TXD output is a shift clock. The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 of the CLK clock frequency. Eight

bits are transmitted with LSB first. Reception is initialized by setting the flags in SCON as

follows: RI = 0 and REN = 1.

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Figure 6.7 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode0 (clk = 88.4736 MHz)

6.3 Mode1, 8-Bit UART, Variable Baud Rate, Timer 1 or 2

Clock Source

The pin RXD serves as an input while TXD serves as an output for the serial communication.

10 bits are transmitted in the following sequence: a start bit (always 0), 8 data bits (LSB first),

and a stop bit (always 1). During data reception, a start bit synchronizes the transmission.

Next, the 8 data bits can be accessed by reading SBUF, and the stop bit triggers the flag RB08

in SFR SCON (0x98). The baud rate is variable and dependent on Timer 1 or Timer 2 mode. To

enable Timer 2 clocking, set the TCLK and RCLK bits which are located in the T2CON (0xC8)

register.

Figure 6.8 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode1

6.4 Mode2, 9-Bit UART, Fixed Baud Rate

This mode is almost identical to Mode1 except that the baud rate is fixed at 1/32 or 1/64 of

CLK clock frequency, and 11 bits are transmitted or received in the following sequence: A

start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th bit, and a stop bit (1). The 9th bit

can be used to control the parity of the UART interface. During a transmission, the TB08 bit in

SCON is outputted as the 9th bit. While receiving data, the 9th bit changes the RB08 bit in

SCON.

Figure 6.9 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode2

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6.5 Mode3, 9-Bit UART, Variable Baud Rate, Timer1 or 2

Clock Source

The only difference between Mode2 and Mode3 is the baud rate in Mode3 is variable. Data

reception is enabled when REN = 1. The baud rate is variable and dependent on Timer 1 or

Timer 2 mode. To enable Timer 2 clocking, set the TCLK and RCLK bits which are located in

the T2CON (0xC8) register.

Figure 6.10 Timing Diagram for UART Transmission Mode3

6.6 Examples of Baud Rate Setting

Table 6.5 Examples of Baud Rate Setting

Baud Rate(bps)

Timer 1 / Mode2 Timer 2

TH1(0x8D) RLDH(0xCB), RLDL(0xCA)

SMOD = ‘0’ SMOD = ‘1’

2400 160(0xA0) 64(0x40) 64384(0XFB80)

4800 208(0xD0) 160(0xA0) 64960(0xFDC0)

9600 232(0xE8) 208(0xD0) 65248(0xFEE0)

14400 240(0xF0) 224(0xE0) 65344(0XFF40)

19200 244(0xF4) 232(0xE8) 65392(0XFF70)

28800 248(0xF8) 240(0xF0) 65440(0xFFA0)

38400 250(0xFA) 244(0xF4) 65464(0XFFB8)

57600 252(0xFC) 248(0xF8) 65488(0xFFD0)

115200 254(0xFE) 252(0xFC) 65512(0xFFE8)

230400 255(0xFF) 254(0xFE) 65524(0xFFF4)

Note: Baud Rate calculation formula

Using Timer1 – Baud Rate = ( 2SMOD / 32 ) * ( Clock Frequency / 12( 256 – TH1 ) )

Using Timer2 – Baud Rate = Clock Frequency / ( 32 * ( 65536 – ( RLDH, RLDL ) ) )

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

7 Watchdog Timer

7.1 Overview

The Watchdog Timer is driven by the main system clock that is supplied by a series of dividers

as shown in the Figure below. The divider output is selectable and determines the timeout

intervals. When the timeout is reached, an interrupt flag will be set, and if enabled, a reset

will be occurred. When interrupt enable bit and global interrupt are enabled, the interrupt

flag will activate the interrupts. The reset and interrupt are completely discrete functions

that may be acknowledged separately, together or even ignored depending on the application.

Figure 7.1 Watchdog Timer Structure

7.2 Interrupts

Watchdog interrupt related bits are shown below. An interrupt can be turned on/off by the

IE (0xA8) and EIE (0xE8) registers, and high/low priorities can be set in the EIP EIP (0xF8)

register. The IE contains global interrupt system disable (0) / enable (1) bit called EA.

IE (0xA8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 0x00

Figure 7.2 Interrupt Enable Register

EIE (0xE8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - EWDI EINT5 EINT4 EINT3 EINT2 0x00

Figure 7.3 Extended Interrupt Enable Register

Note: EA - Enable global interrupt

EWDI - Enable Watchdog interrupt

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EIP (0xF8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - PWDI PINT5 PINT4 PINT3 PINT2 0x00

Figure 7.4 Extended interrupt Priority Register

Note: PWDI - Watchdog priority level control (high level at 1)

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

WDCON (0xD8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - - WDIF WTRF EWT RWT 0x00

Figure 7.5 Watchdog Control Register

Note: WDIF - Watchdog Interrupt Flag. WDIF in conjunction with Enable Watchd

og Interrupt bit (EIE.4) and EWT, indicates if a watchdog timer e

vent has occurred and what action should be taken. This bit mu

st be cleared by software before exiting the interrupt service ro

utine or another interrupt is generated. Setting WDIF in software

will generate a watchdog interrupt if enabled. User must use ‘Ti

med Access Register’ when clear this WDIF bit. Please refer to

the section 7.8 ‘Timed Access’ procedure.

All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, with the same

result by hardware. That is, interrupts can be generated or cancelled by software.

Table 7.1 Watchdog Interrupt

Interrupt Flag Function Active Level/Edge

Flag Reset

Vector Natural Priority

WDIF Internal,

Watchdog

- Software

0x63 11

7.3 Watchdog Timer Reset

The Watchdog Timer reset operates as follows. Once the timeout interval is initialized, the

system restarts the Watchdog first by using RWT. Then, the reset mode is enabled by the EWT

(Enable Watchdog Timer reset = WDCON.1) bit. Before the timer reaches the user selected

terminal value, the software can set the RWT (Reset Watchdog Timer = WDCON.0) bit. If RWT

is set before the timeout is reached, the timer will start over. If the timeout is reached

without RWT being set, the Watchdog will reset the MCU. The Hardware automatically clears

RWT after sets the RWT by software. When a reset occurs, the WTRF (Watchdog Timer reset

Flag = WDCON.2) will automatically set to indicate the cause of the reset; however, software

must clear this bit manually.

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7.4 Simple Timer

The Watchdog Timer is a free running timer. In timer mode with reset disabled (EWT = 0)

and interrupt functions disabled (EWDI = 0), the timer counts up to pre-programmed interval

in WD[1:0] which will enable the Watchdog interrupt flag. By resetting the RWT bit, this timer

can operate in polled timeout mode. The WDIF bit can be cleared by software or reset. The

Watchdog interrupt is available for application which requires a long timer. The interrupt is

enabled by using the EWDI (Enable WatchDog timer Interrupt = EIE.4) bit. When a timeout

occurs, the Watchdog Timer will set the WDIF bit (WDCON.3), and an interrupt will occur if

the global interrupt enable (EA) is set. Note that WDIF is set to 512 clocks before a

potential Watchdog reset. The Watchdog interrupt flag indicates the source of the interrupt,

and must be cleared by software. When the Watchdog interrupt is used properly, the

Watchdog reset allows the interrupt software to monitor the system for any errors.

7.5 System Monitor

If the EWT bit of WDCON was set, W7100A will reset when a Watchdog timeout occurs. User

can use the Watchdog timer as a system monitor using this function. For example, assuming

that an unexpected code was running, there is no RWT clear routine because this code is not

designed by user; resulting a Watchdog timeout to occur, and the W7100A will reset. User can

escape unexpected state by using this method.

7.6 Watchdog Related Registers

The Watchdog Timer has several SFR bits that are used during its operation. These bits can

be utilized as a reset source, interrupt source, software polled timer or any combination of

the three. Both the reset and interrupt have status flags. The Watchdog also has a bit which

restarts the timer. The table below shows the bit locations with descriptions.

Table 7.2 Summary for Watchdog Related Bits

Bit Name Register Bit Position Description

EWDI EIE EIE.4 Enable Watchdog Timer Interrupt

PWDI EIP EIP.4 Priority of Watchdog Timer Interrupt

WD[1:0] CKCON CKCON.7-6 Watchdog Interval

RWT WDCON WDCON.0 Reset Watchdog Timer

EWT WDCON.1 Enable Watchdog Timer reset

WTRF WDCON.2 Watchdog Timer reset flag

WDIF WDCON.3 Watchdog Interrupt flag

The Watchdog Timer is not disabled during a Watchdog timeout reset, but it restarts the

timer. Control bits that support Watchdog operation are described in next subsections.

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7.7 Watchdog Control

Watchdog control bits are described below. Please note that access (write) to this register

has to be performed using ‘7.8 Timed Access Registers’ procedure.

WDCON (0xD8)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

- - - - WDIF WTRF EWT RWT 0x00

Figure 7.6 Watchdog Control Register

Note: WTRF - Watchdog Timer reset Flag. A Watchdog Timer reset has occurred

when this flag is enabled; however, when using software to enable

this flag, the Watchdog timer reset is not triggered. During a res

et, this flag is cleared otherwise it should be cleared by software.

The Watchdog Timer has no effect on this bit if EWT bit is clear

ed.

EWT – Enable the Watchdog Timer reset. This bit controls the Watchdog

Timer to reset the microcontroller, and has no effect on the abil

ity of the Watchdog Timer to generate a Watchdog interrupt. Tim

ed Access procedure must be used to modify this bit.

0 : Watchdog Timer timeout does not reset microcontroller

1 : Watchdog Timer timeout resets microcontroller

RWT – Reset the Watchdog Timer. Setting RWT resets the Watchdog Timer

count. Timed Access procedure must be followed to enable this

bit before the Watchdog Timer expires, reset or interrupt will be

generated if the RWT is enabled.

Unimplemented bit - Read as 0 or 1

The table below summarizes Watchdog control bits and the functions.

Table 7.3 Watchdog Bits and Actions

EWT EWDI WDIF Result

X X 0 No Watchdog event.

0 0 1 Watchdog timeout has expired. No interrupt has been generated.

0 1 1 Watchdog interrupt has occurred.

1 0 1 Watchdog timeout has expired. No interrupt has been generated.

Watchdog Timer reset will occur in 512 clock periods (CLK pin) if

RWT is not strobed.

1 1 1 Watchdog interrupt has occurred. Watchdog Timer reset will

occur in 512 clock periods (CLK pin) if RWT is not set using Timed

Access procedure.

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7.7.1 Clock Control

The Watchdog timeout selection is made using bits WD[1:0] as shown in the Figure below.

CKCON (0x8E)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Reset

WD1 WD0 - - - MD2 MD1 MD0 0x03

Figure 7.7 Clock Control register – Watchdog bits

Clock control register CKCON(0x8E) contains WD[1:0] bits to select Watchdog Timer timeout

period. The Watchdog is clocked directly from the CLK pin. The Watchdog has four timeout

selections based on the input CLK clock frequency as shown in the Figure 7.1. The selections

are a pre-selected number of clocks.

*W7100A clock frequency = 88.4736MHz

Table 7.4 Watchdog Intervals

WD[1:0] Watchdog Interval Number of Clocks

00 217 131072

01 220 1048576

10 223 8388608

11 226 67108864

Note that the time period shown above is for the interrupt events. When the reset is

enabled, it will activate 512 clocks later regardless of the interrupt. Therefore, the actual

Watchdog timeout is the number of clocks chosen from Watchdog intervals plus 512 clocks

(always CLK pin).

7.8 Timed Access Registers

Since the WDCON is timed access register, user must use following procedure when set a

value to WDCON. TA is an SFR addressed 0xC7.

MOV TA, #0xAA

MOV TA, #0x55

;Any direct addressing instruction writing timed access register

User always use this sequence every setting the WDCON

Table 7.5 Timed Access Registers

Register name Description

WDCON(0xD8) Watchdog configuration

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8 TCPIPCore

8.1 Memory Map

TCPIPCore is composed of Common Register, SOCKET Register, TX Memory, and RX Memory as

shown below.

Figure 8.1 TCPIPCore Memory Map

8.2 Registers list

8.2.1 Common Registers

Address offset Symbol Description

0xFE0000 MR Mode Register

0xFE0001 GAR0

GAR (Gateway Address Register)

0xFE0002 GAR1

0xFE0003 GAR2

0xFE0004 GAR3

0xFE0005 SUBR0

SUBR (Subnet Mask Register)

0xFE0006 SUBR1

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0xFE0007 SUBR2

0xFE0008 SUBR3

0xFE0009 SHAR0

SHAR (Source Hardware Address Register)

0xFE000A SHAR1

0xFE000B SHAR2

0xFE000C SHAR3

0xFE000D SHAR4

0xFE000E SHAR5

0xFE000F SIPR0

SIPR (Source IP Address Register)

0xFE0010 SIPR1

0xFE0011 SIPR2

0xFE0012 SIPR3

0xFE0013 Reserved

0xFE0014

0xFE0015 IR Interrupt Register

0xFE0016 IMR Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE0017 RTR0

RTR (Retransmission Timeout-value Register)

0xFE0018 RTR1

0xFE0019 RCR RCR (Retransmission Retry-count Register)

0xFE001A Reserved

0xFE001B

0xFE001C PATR0

PART (PPPoE Authentication Register)

0xFE001D PATR1

0xFE001E PPPALGO PPPoE Authentication Algorithm Register

0xFE001F VERSIONR W7100A Version Register

0xFE0020

~

0xFE0027

Reserved

0xFE0028 PTIMER PPP Link Control Protocol Request Timer Register

0xFE0029 PMAGIC PPP LCP Magic Number Register

0xFE002A

~

0xFE002F

Reserved

0xFE0030 INTLEVEL0

INTLEVEL (Interrupt Low Level Timer Register)

0xFE0031 INTLEVEL1

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0xFE0032

Reserved

0xFE0033

0xFE0034 IR2 SOCKET Interrupt Register

8.2.2 SOCKET Registers

Address offset Symbol Description

0xFE4000 S0_MR SOCKET 0 Mode Register

0xFE4001 S0_CR SOCKET 0 Command Register

0xFE4002 S0_IR SOCKET 0 Interrupt Register

0xFE4003 S0_SR SOCKET 0 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4004 S0_PORT0

S0_PORT (SOCKET 0 Source Port Register)

0xFE4005 S0_PORT1

0xFE4006 S0_DHAR0

S0_DHAR (SOCKET 0 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4007 S0_DHAR1

0xFE4008 S0_DHAR2

0xFE4009 S0_DHAR3

0xFE400A S0_DHAR4

0xFE400B S0_DHAR5

0xFE400C S0_DIPR0

S0_DIPR (SOCKET 0 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE400D S0_DIPR1

0xFE400E S0_DIPR2

0xFE400F S0_DIPR3

0xFE4010 S0_DPORT0

S0_DPORT (SOCKET 0 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4011 S0_DPORT1

0xFE4012 S0_MSSR0

S0_MSSR (SOCKET 0 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4013 S0_MSSR1

0xFE4014 S0_PROTO

SOCKET 0 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4015 S0_TOS SOCKET 0 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4016 S0_TTL SOCKET 0 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4017

~

0xFE401D

Reserved

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0xFE401E S0_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 0 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE401F S0_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 0 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4020 S0_TX_FSR0

S0_TX_FSR (SOCKET 0 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4021 S0_TX_FSR1

0xFE4022 S0_TX_RD0

S0_TX_RD0

(SOCKET 0 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4023 S0_TX_RD1

0xFE4024 S0_TX_WR0

S0_TX_WR

(SOCKET 0 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4025 S0_TX_WR1

0xFE4026 S0_RX_RSR0

S0_RX_RSR

(SOCKET 0 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4027 S0_RX_RSR1

0xFE4028 S0_RX_RD

S0_RX_RD

(SOCKET 0 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4029 S0_RX_RD1

0xFE402A S0_RX_WR

S0_RX_WR

(SOCKET 0 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE402B S0_RX_WR1

0xFE402C S0_IMR SOCKET 0 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE402D S0_FRAG0

S0_FRAG

(SOCKET 0 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register)

0xFE402E S0_FRAG1

0xFE402F

~

0xFE40FF

Reserved

0xFE4100 S1_MR SOCKET 1 Mode Register

0xFE4101 S1_CR SOCKET 1 Command Register

0xFE4102 S1_IR SOCKET 1 Interrupt Register

0xFE4103 S1_SR SOCKET 1 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4104 S1_PORT0

S1_PORT (SOCKET 1 Source Port Register)

0xFE4105 S1_PORT1

0xFE4106 S1_DHAR0

S1_DHAR (SOCKET 1 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4107 S1_DHAR1

0xFE4108 S1_DHAR2

0xFE4109 S1_DHAR3

0xFE410A S1_DHAR4

0xFE410B S1_DHAR5

0xFE410C S1_DIPR0

S1_DIPR (SOCKET 1 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE410D S1_DIPR1

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0xFE410E S1_DIPR2

0xFE410F S1_DIPR3

0xFE4110 S1_DPORT0

S1_DPORT (SOCKET 1 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4111 S1_DPORT1

0xFE4112 S1_MSSR0

S1_MSSR (SOCKET 1 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4113 S1_MSSR1

0xFE4114 S1_PROTO

SOCKET 1 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4115 S1_TOS SOCKET 1 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4116 S1_TTL SOCKET 1 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4117

~

0xFE411D

Reserved

0xFE411E S1_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 1 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE411F S1_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 1 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4120 S1_TX_FSR0

S1_TX_FSR (SOCKET 1 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4121 S1_TX_FSR1

0xFE4122 S1_TX_RD0

S1_TX_RD

(SOCKET 1 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4123 S1_TX_RD1

0xFE4124 S1_TX_WR0

S1_TX_WR

(SOCKET 1 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4125 S1_TX_WR1

0xFE4126 S1_RX_RSR0

S1_RX_RSR

(SOCKET 1 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4127 S1_RX_RSR1

0xFE4128 S1_RX_RD0

S1_RX_RD

(SOCKET 1 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4129 S1_RX_RD1

0xFE412A S1_RX_WR0

S1_RX_WR (SOCKET 1 Receive Memory Write Pointer

Register)

0xFE412B S1_RX_WR1

0xFE412C S1_IMR SOCKET 1 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE412D S1_FRAG0

S1_FRAG

(SOCKET 1 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register)

0xFE412E S1_FRAG1

0xFE412F

~

0xFE41FF

Reserved

0xFE4200 S2_MR SOCKET 2 Mode Register

0xFE4201 S2_CR SOCKET 2 Command Register

0xFE4202 S2_IR SOCKET 2 Interrupt Register

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4203 S2_SR SOCKET 2 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4204 S2_PORT0

S2_PORT (SOCKET 2 Source Port Register)

0xFE4205 S2_PORT1

0xFE4206 S2_DHAR0

S2_DHAR (SOCKET 2 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4207 S2_DHAR1

0xFE4208 S2_DHAR2

0xFE4209 S2_DHAR3

0xFE420A S2_DHAR4

0xFE420B S2_DHAR5

0xFE420C S2_DIPR0

S2_DIPR (SOCKET 2 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE420D S2_DIPR1

0xFE420E S2_DIPR2

0xFE420F S2_DIPR3

0xFE4210 S2_DPORT0

S2_DPORT (SOCKET 2 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4211 S2_DPORT1

0xFE4212 S2_MSSR0

S2_MSSR (SOCKET 2 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4213 S2_MSSR1

0xFE4214

S2_PROTO0 S2_PROTO (SOCKET 2 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in

IP raw mode)

S2_PROTO1

0xFE4215 S2_TOS SOCKET 2 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4216 S2_TTL SOCKET 2 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4217

~

0xFE421D

Reserved

0xFE421E S2_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 2 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE421F S2_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 2 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4220 S2_TX_FSR0

S2_TX_FSR (SOCKET 2 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4221 S2_TX_FSR1

0xFE4222 S2_TX_RD0

S2_TX_RD

(SOCKET 2 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4223 S2_TX_RD1

0xFE4224 S2_TX_WR0

S2_TX_WR

(SOCKET 2 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4225 S2_TX_WR1

0xFE4226 S2_RX_RSR0

S2_RX_RSR (SOCKET 2 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4227 S2_RX_RSR1

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4228 S2_RX_RD0

S2_RX_RD

(SOCKET 2 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4229 S2_RX_RD1

0xFE422A S2_RX_WR0

S2_RX_WR

(SOCKET 2 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE422B S2_RX_WR1

0xFE422C S2_IMR SOCKET 2 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE422D S2_FRAG0

SOCKET 2 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register

0xFE422E S2_FRAG1

0xFE422F

~

0xFE42FF

Reserved

0xFE4300 S3_MR SOCKET 3 Mode Register

0xFE4301 S3_CR SOCKET 3 Command Register

0xFE4302 S3_IR SOCKET 3 Interrupt Register

0xFE4303 S3_SR SOCKET 3 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4304 S3_PORT0

S3_PORT (SOCKET 3 Source Port Register)

0xFE4305 S3_PORT1

0xFE4306 S3_DHAR0

S3_DHAR (SOCKET 3 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4307 S3_DHAR1

0xFE4308 S3_DHAR2

0xFE4309 S3_DHAR3

0xFE430A S3_DHAR4

0xFE430B S3_DHAR5

0xFE430C S3_DIPR0

S3_DIPR (SOCKET 3 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE430D S3_DIPR1

0xFE430E S3_DIPR2

0xFE430F S3_DIPR3

0xFE4310 S3_DPORT0

S3_DPORT (SOCKET 3 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4311 S3_DPORT1

0xFE4312 S3_MSSR0

S3_MSSR (SOCKET 3 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4313 S3_MSSR1

0xFE4314 S3_PROTO

SOCKET 3 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4315 S3_TOS SOCKET 3 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4316 S0_TTL SOCKET 3 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4317

~

0xFE431D

Reserved

0xFE431E S3_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 3 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE431F S3_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 3 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4320 S3_TX_FSR0

S3_TX_FSR (SOCKET 3 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4321 S3_TX_FSR1

0xFE4322 S3_TX_RD0

S3_TX_RD

(SOCKET 3 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4323 S3_TX_RD1

0xFE4324 S3_TX_WR0

S3_TX_WR

(SOCKET 3 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4325 S3_TX_WR1

0xFE4326 S3_RX_RSR0

S3_RX_RSR (SOCKET 3 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4327 S3_RX_RSR1

0xFE4328 S3_RX_RD0

S3_RX_RD

(SOCKET 3 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4329 S3_RX_RD1

0xFE432A S3_RX_WR0

S3_RX_WR

(SOCKET 3 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE432B S3_RX_WR1

0xFE432C S3_IMR SOCKET 3 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE432D S3_FRAG0

SOCKET 3 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register

0xFE432E S3_FRAG1

0xFE432F

~

0xFE43FF

Reserved

0xFE4400 S4_MR SOCKET 4 Mode Register

0xFE4401 S4_CR SOCKET 4 Command Register

0xFE4402 S4_IR SOCKET 4 Interrupt Register

0xFE4403 S4_SR SOCKET 4 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4404 S4_PORT0

S4_PORT (SOCKET 4 Source Port Register)

0xFE4405 S4_PORT1

0xFE4406 S4_DHAR0

S4_DHAR (SOCKET 4 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4407 S4_DHAR1

0xFE4408 S4_DHAR2

0xFE4409 S4_DHAR3

0xFE440A S4_DHAR4

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE440B S4_DHAR5

0xFE440C S4_DIPR0

S4_DIPR (SOCKET 4 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE440D S4_DIPR1

0xFE440E S4_DIPR2

0xFE440F S4_DIPR3

0xFE4410 S4_DPORT0

S4_DPORT (SOCKET 4 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4411 S4_DPORT1

0xFE4412 S4_MSSR0

S4_MSSR (SOCKET 4 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4413 S4_MSSR1

0xFE4414 S4_PROTO

SOCKET 4 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4415 S4_TOS SOCKET 4 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4416 S4_TTL SOCKET 4 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4417

~

0xFE441D

Reserved

0xFE441E S4_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 4 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE441F S4_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 4 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4420 S4_TX_FSR0

S4_TX_FSR (SOCKET 4 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4421 S4_TX_FSR1

0xFE4422 S4_TX_RD0

S4_TX_RD

(SOCKET 4 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4423 S4_TX_RD1

0xFE4424 S4_TX_WR0

S4_TX_WR

(SOCKET 4 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4425 S4_TX_WR1

0xFE4426 S4_RX_RSR0

S4_RX_RSR (SOCKET 4 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4427 S4_RX_RSR1

0xFE4428 S4_RX_RD0

S4_RX_RD

(SOCKET 4 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4429 S4_RX_RD1

0xFE442A S4_RX_WR0

S4_RX_WR

(SOCKET 4 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE442B S4_RX_WR1

0xFE442C S4_IMR SOCKET 4 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE442D S4_FRAG0

SOCKET 4 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register

0xFE442E S4_FRAG1

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE442F

~

0xFE44FF

Reserved

0xFE4500 S5_MR SOCKET 5 Mode Register

0xFE4501 S5_CR SOCKET 5 Command Register

0xFE4502 S5_IR SOCKET 5 Interrupt Register

0xFE4503 S5_SR SOCKET 5 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4504 S5_PORT0

S5_PORT (SOCKET 5 Source Port Register)

0xFE4505 S5_PORT1

0xFE4506 S5_DHAR0

S5_DHAR (SOCKET 5 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4507 S5_DHAR1

0xFE4508 S5_DHAR2

0xFE4509 S5_DHAR3

0xFE450A S5_DHAR4

0xFE450B S5_DHAR5

0xFE450C S5_DIPR0

S5_DIPR (SOCKET 5 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE450D S5_DIPR1

0xFE450E S5_DIPR2

0xFE450F S5_DIPR3

0xFE4510 S5_DPORT0

S5_DPORT (SOCKET 5 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4511 S5_DPORT1

0xFE4512 S5_MSSR0

S5_MSSR (SOCKET 5 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4513 S5_MSSR1

0xFE4514 S5_PROTO

SOCKET 5 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4515 S5_TOS SOCKET 5 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4516 S5_TTL SOCKET 5 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4517

~

0xFE451D

Reserved

0xFE451E S5_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 5 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE451F S5_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 5 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4520 S5_TX_FSR0

S5_TX_FSR (SOCKET 5 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4521 S5_TX_FSR1

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4522 S5_TX_RD0

S5_TX_RD

(SOCKET 5 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4523 S5_TX_RD1

0xFE4524 S5_TX_WR0

S5_TX_WR

(SOCKET 5 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4525 S5_TX_WR1

0xFE4526 S5_RX_RSR0

S5_RX_RSR (SOCKET 5 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4527 S5_RX_RSR1

0xFE4528 S5_RX_RD0

S5_RX_RD

(SOCKET 5 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4529 S5_RX_RD1

0xFE452A S5_RX_WR0

S5_RX_WR

(SOCKET 5 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE452B S5_RX_WR1

0xFE452C S5_IMR SOCKET 5 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE452D S5_FRAG0

S5_FRAG

(SOCKET 5 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register)

0xFE452E S5_FRAG1

0xFE452F

~

0xFE45FF

Reserved

0xFE4600 S6_MR SOCKET 6 Mode Register

0xFE4601 S6_CR SOCKET 6 Command Register

0xFE4602 S6_IR SOCKET 6 Interrupt Register

0xFE4603 S6_SR SOCKET 6 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4604 S6_PORT0

S6_PORT (SOCKET 6 Source Port Register)

0xFE4605 S6_PORT1

0xFE4606 S6_DHAR0

S6_DHAR (SOCKET 6 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4607 S6_DHAR1

0xFE4608 S6_DHAR2

0xFE4609 S6_DHAR3

0xFE460A S6_DHAR4

0xFE460B S6_DHAR5

0xFE460C S6_DIPR0

S6_DIPR (SOCKET 6 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE460D S6_DIPR1

0xFE460E S6_DIPR2

0xFE460F S6_DIPR3

0xFE4610 S6_DPORT0 S6_DPORT (SOCKET 6 Destination Port Register)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4611 S6_DPORT1

0xFE4612 S6_MSSR0

S6_MSSR (SOCKET 6 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4613 S6_MSSR1

0xFE4614 S6_PROTO

SOCKET 6 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4615 S6_TOS SOCKET 6 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4616 S6_TTL SOCKET 6 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4617

~

0xFE461D

Reserved

0xFE461E S6_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 6 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE461F S6_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 6 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4620 S6_TX_FSR0

S6_TX_FSR (SOCKET 6 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4621 S6_TX_FSR1

0xFE4622 S6_TX_RD0

S6_TX_RD

(SOCKET 6 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4623 S6_TX_RD1

0xFE4624 S6_TX_WR0

S6_TX_WR

(SOCKET 6 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4625 S6_TX_WR1

0xFE4626 S6_RX_RSR0

S6_RX_RSR (SOCKET 6 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4627 S6_RX_RSR1

0xFE4628 S6_RX_RD0

S6_RX_RD

(SOCKET 6 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4629 S6_RX_RD1

0xFE462A S6_RX_WR0

S6_RX_WR

(SOCKET 6 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE462B S6_RX_WR1

0xFE462C S6_IMR SOCKET 6 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE462D S6_FRAG0

S6_FRAG

(SOCKET 6 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register)

0xFE462E S6_FRAG1

0xFE462F

~

0xFE46FF

Reserved

0xFE4700 S7_MR SOCKET 7 Mode Register

0xFE4701 S7_CR SOCKET 7 Command Register

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4702 S7_IR SOCKET 7 Interrupt Register

0xFE4703 S7_SR SOCKET 7 SOCKET Status Register

0xFE4704 S7_PORT0

S7_PORT (SOCKET 7 Source Port Register)

0xFE4705 S7_PORT1

0xFE4706 S7_DHAR0

S7_DHAR (SOCKET 7 Destination Hardware Address Register)

0xFE4707 S7_DHAR1

0xFE4708 S7_DHAR2

0xFE4709 S7_DHAR3

0xFE470A S7_DHAR4

0xFE470B S7_DHAR5

0xFE470C S7_DIPR0

S7_DIPR (SOCKET 7 Destination IP Address Register)

0xFE470D S7_DIPR1

0xFE470E S7_DIPR2

0xFE470F S7_DIPR3

0xFE4710 S7_DPORT0

S7_DPORT (SOCKET 7 Destination Port Register)

0xFE4711 S7_DPORT1

0xFE4712 S7_MSSR0

S7_MSSR (SOCKET 7 Maximum Segment Size Register)

0xFE4713 S7_MSSR1

0xFE4714 S0_PROTO

SOCKET 7 Protocol of IP Header Field Register in IP raw

mode

0xFE4715 S7_TOS SOCKET 7 IP Type of Service(TOS) Register

0xFE4716 S7_TTL SOCKET 7 IP Time to Live(TTL) Register

0xFE4717

~

0xFE471D

Reserved

0xFE471E S7_RXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 7 Receive Memory Size Register

0xFE471F S7_TXMEM_SIZE SOCKET 7 Transmit Memory Size Register

0xFE4720 S7_TX_FSR0

S7_TX_FSR (SOCKET 7 Transmit Free Memory Size Register)

0xFE4721 S7_TX_FSR1

0xFE4722 S7_TX_RD0

S7_TX_RD

(SOCKET 7 Transmit Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4723 S7_TX_RD1

0xFE4724 S7_TX_WR0

S7_TX_WR

(SOCKET 7 Transmit Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE4725 S7_TX_WR1

0xFE4726 S7_RX_RSR0

S7_RX_RSR (SOCKET 7 Received Data Size Register)

0xFE4727 S7_RX_RSR1

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4728 S7_RX_RD0

S7_RX_RD

(SOCKET 7 Receive Memory Read Pointer Register)

0xFE4729 S7_RX_RD1

0xFE472A S7_RX_WR0

S7_RX_WR

(SOCKET 7 Receive Memory Write Pointer Register)

0xFE472B S7_RX_WR1

0xFE472C S7_IMR SOCKET 7 Interrupt Mask Register

0xFE472D S7_FRAG0

S7_FRAG

(SOCKET 7 Fragment Field Value in IP Header Register)

0xFE472E S7_FRAG1

0xFE472F

~

0xFE47FF

Reserved

8.3 Register Description

8.3.1 Mode Register

MR (Mode Register) [R/W] [0xFE0000] [0x00]

This register is used for S/W reset, ping block mode and PPPoE mode.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

RST PB PPPoE

Bit Symbol Description

7 RST

S/W Reset

If this bit is ‘1’, internal register will be initialized. It will be automatically

cleared after reset.

6 Reserved Reserved

5 Reserved Reserved

4 PB

Ping Block Mode

0 : Disable Ping block

1 : Enable Ping block

If the bit is set as ‘1’, there is no response to the ping request.

3 PPPoE

PPPoE Mode

0 : Disable PPPoE mode

1 : Enable PPPoE mode

If a user uses ADSL without router or etc, the bit should be set as ‘1’ to

connect to ADSL Server. For more detail, refer to the application note,

“How to connect ADSL”.

2 Reserved Reserved

1 Reserved Reserved

0 Reserved Reserved

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

GAR (Gateway IP Address Register) [R/W] [0xFE0001 – 0xFE0004] [0x00]

This Register sets up the default gateway address.

Ex) In case of “192.168.0.1”

0xFE0001 0xFE0002 0xFE0003 0xFE0004

192 (0xC0) 168 (0xA8) 0 (0x00) 1 (0x01)

SUBR (Subnet Mask Register) [R/W] [0xFE0005 – 0xFE0008] [0x00]

This register sets up the subnet mask address.

Ex) In case of “255.255.255.0”

0xFE0005 0xFE0006 0xFE0007 0xFE0008

255 (0xFF) 255 (0xFF) 255 (0xFF) 0 (0x00)

SHAR (Source Hardware Address Register) [R/W] [0xFE0009 – 0xFE000E] [0x00]

This register sets up the Source Hardware address.

Ex) In case of “00.08.DC.01.02.03”

0xFE0009 0xFE000A 0xFE000B 0xFE000C 0xFE000D 0xFE000E

0x00 0x08 0xDC 0x01 0x02 0x03

SIPR (Source IP Address Register) [R/W] [0xFE000F – 0xFE0012] [0x00]

This register sets up the Source IP address.

Ex) In case of “192.168.0.2”

0xFE000F 0xFE0010 0xFE0011 0xFE0012

192 (0xC0) 168 (0xA8) 0 (0x00) 2 (0x02)

IR (Interrupt Register) [R] [0xFE0015] [0x00]

This register is accessed by the MCU of W7100A to determine the cause of an interrupt. As

long as any IR bit is set, the INT5(nINT5: TCPIPcore interrupt) signal is asserted low, and it

will not go high until all bits is cleared in the Interrupt Register.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONFLICT UNREACH PPPoE Reserved

Reserved

Reserved Reserved

Bit Symbol Description

7 CONFLICT

IP Conflict

When the ARP request has the same IP address as the Source IP address,

this bit is set as ‘1’. It can be cleared to ‘0’ by writing ‘1’ to this bit.

6 UNREACH Destination unreachable

W7100A will receive ICMP(Destination Unreachable) packet if non-existing

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

destination IP address is transmitted during a UDP data transmission. The

UNREACH bit will be set as ‘1’. This bit can be cleared to ‘0’ by writing ‘1’

to this bit.

5 PPPoE

PPPoE Connection Close

In the PPPoE Mode, ‘1’ is set if the PPPoE connection is closed. This bit can

be cleared to ‘0’ by writing ‘1’ to this bit.

4 Reserved Reserved

3 Reserved Reserved

2 Reserved Reserved

1 Reserved Reserved

0 Reserved Reserved

IMR (Interrupt Mask Register) [R/W] [0xFE0016] [0x00]

The Interrupt Mask Register is used for masking interrupts. Each interrupt mask bit

corresponds to a bit in the Interrupt Register2 (IR2). If an interrupt mask bit is set, an

interrupt will be issued whenever the corresponding bit in the IR2 is set. If the bit of IMR is

set as ‘0’, corresponding interrupt will not be triggered by the enabled bit in the IR2.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

S7_INT S6_INT S5_INT S4_INT S3_INT S2_INT S1_INT S0_INT

Bit Symbol Description

7 S7_INT IR(S7_INT) Interrupt Mask

6 S6_INT IR(S6_INT) Interrupt Mask

5 S5_INT IR(S5_INT) Interrupt Mask

4 S4_INT IR(S4_INT) Interrupt Mask

3 S3_INT IR(S3_INT) Interrupt Mask

2 S2_INT IR(S2_INT) Interrupt Mask

1 S1_INT IR(S1_INT) Interrupt Mask

0 S0_INT IR(S0_INT) Interrupt Mask

RTR (Retry Time-period Register) [R/W] [0xFE0017 – 0xFE0018] [0x07D0]

This register sets the period of timeout. Value 1 means 100us. The default timeout is 200ms

which has a value of 2000 (0x07D0).

Ex) For 400ms configuration, set as 4000(0x0FA0)

0xFE0017 0xFE0018

0x0F 0xA0

Re-transmission will occur if there is no response or response is delayed from the remote

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

peer.

RCR (Retry Count Register) [R/W] [0xFE0019] [0x08]

This register sets the number of re-transmission. If retransmission occurs more than the

number of retries recorded in RCR, a Timeout Interrupt will occur. (TIMEOUT bit of SOCKET n

Interrupt Register (Sn_IR) is set as ‘1’)

In TCP communication, the value of Sn_SR is changed to ‘SOCK_CLOSED’ at the same time

with Sn_IR(TIMEOUT) = ‘1’. Not in TCP communication, only Sn_IR(TIMEOUT) = ‘1’.

The timeout of W7100A can be configurable with RTR and RCR. W7100A’s timeout has ARP

and TCP retransmission timeout.

At the ARP(Refer to RFC 826, http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html) retransmission timeout,

W7100A automatically sends ARP-request to the peer’s IP address in order to acquire MAC

address information (used for communication of IP, UDP, or TCP). As waiting for ARP-response

from the peer, if there is no response during the time set in RTR, timeout occurs and ARP-

request is re-transmitted. It is repeated as many as ‘RCR + 1’ times.

Even after ARP-request retransmissions are repeated ‘RCR + 1’ times, if there is no ARP-

response, the final timeout occurs and Sn_IR(TIMEOUT) becomes ‘1’.

The value of final timeout (ARPTO) of ARP-request is as below.

During the TCP packet retransmission timeout, W7100A transmits TCP packets (SYN, FIN, RST,

DATA packets) and waits for the acknowledgement (ACK) during the time set in RTR and RCR.

If there is no ACK from the peer, timeout occurs and TCP packets (sent earlier) are

retransmitted. The retransmissions are repeated as many as ‘RCR + 1’ times. Even after TCP

packet retransmissions are repeated ‘RCR +1’ times, if there is no ACK from the peer, final

timeout occurs and Sn_SSR is changed to ‘SOCK_CLOSED” at the same time with

Sn_IR(TIMEOUT) = ‘1’

The value of final timeout (TCPTO) of TCP packet retransmission can be calculated as below,

Ex) When RTR = 2000(0x07D0), RCR = 8(0x0008),

ARPTO = 2000 X 0.1ms X 9 = 1800ms = 1.8s

ARPTO = ( RTR X 0.1ms ) X ( RCR + 1 )

M

TCPTO = ( Σ(RTR X 2N ) + ((RCR-M) X RTRMAX) ) X 0.1ms

N=0

N : Retransmission count, 0 <= N <= M

M : Minimum value when RTR X 2(M+1) > 65535 and 0 <= M <= RCR

RTRMAX : RTR X 2M

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

TCPTO = (0x07D0 + 0x0FA0 + 0x1F40 + 0x3E80 + 0x7D00 + 0xFA00 + 0xFA00 + 0xFA00 + 0xFA00) X 0.1ms

= (2000 + 4000 + 8000 + 16000 + 32000 + ((8 - 4) X 64000)) X 0.1ms

= 318000 X 0.1ms = 31.8s

PATR (Authentication Type in PPPoE mode) [R] [0xFE001C-0xFE001D] [0x0000]

This register notifies the type of authentication used to establish the PPPoE connection.

W7100A supports two types of Authentication method - PAP and CHAP.

Value Authentication Type

0xC023 PAP

0xC223 CHAP

PPPALGO (Authentication Algorithm in PPPoE mode)[R][0xFE001E][0x00]

This register notifies the authentication algorithm used for the PPPoE connection. For detail

information, please refer to PPPoE application note.

PTIMER (PPP Link Control Protocol Request Timer Register) [R/W] [0xFE0028] [0x28]

This register indicates the duration of LCP Echo Request being sent. Value 1 is about 25ms.

Ex) in case that PTIMER is 200,

200 * 25(ms) = 5000(ms) = 5 seconds

PMAGIC (PPP Link Control Protocol Magic number Register) [R/W] [0xFE0029][0x00]

This register is used in the Magic number option during LCP negotiation. Refer to the

application note of W5100, “How to connect ADSL”.

VERSIONR (W7100A Chip Version Register)[R][0xFE001F][0x02]

This register is W7100A chip version register.

INTLEVEL (Interrupt Low Level Timer Register)[R/W][0xFE0030 – 0xFE0031][0x0000]

The INTLEVEL register sets the Interrupt Assert wait time(IAWT). It configures internal INT5

signal Low Assert waiting time until next interrupt. If user wants to use TCP/IP Core interrupt,

INTLEVEL register must be set higher than 0x2B00. Or the TCP/IP Core interrupt can be

ignored.

IAWT = (INTLEVEL0 + 1) * PLL_CLK (when INTLEVEL0 > 0)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

a. At the socket 0, assume an interrupt occurs (S0_IR(3) = ‘1’) and corresponding IR2 bit is

set as ‘1’ (IR(S0_IR) = ‘1’). Then the internal INT5 signal is asserted low.

b. Also assume an interrupt continually occurs (S1_IR(0) = ‘1’) on the socket1 and

corresponding IR bit set as ‘1’ (IR(S1_IR) = ‘1’).

c. When the Host clears S0_IR(S0_IR = 0x00), the corresponding IR2 bit is also cleared

(IR(S0_IR) = ‘0’). Internal INT5 signal will be de-asserted high(deactivated) from

low(activaed).

d. When the S1_IR is cleared, but the corresponding IR2 is not 0x00 because of socket1

interrupt, internal INT5 signal should be asserted low.

However, as INTLEVEL is 0x000F, the internal INT5 signal is asserted after the I

AWT(16

PLL_CLK) time.

IR2 (W7100A SOCKET Interrupt Register)[R/W][0xFE0034][0x00]

IR2 is a Register which notifies the host that a W7100A SOCKET interrupt has occurred. When

an interrupt occurs, the related bit in IR2 is enabled. In this case, the INT5 (nINT5: TCPIPcore

interrupt) signal is asserted low until all of the bits of IR2 is ‘0’. Once the IR2 register is

cleared out by using the Sn_IR bits, the INT5 signal is asserted high.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

S7_INT S6_INT S5_INT S4_INT S3_INT S2_INT S1_INT S0_INT

Bit Symbol Description

7 S7_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 7 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 7, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S7_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S7_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

6 S6_INT Occurrence of SOCKET 6 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 6, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

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information is applied to S6_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S6_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

5 S5_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 5 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 5, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S5_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S5_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

4 S4_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 4 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 4, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S4_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S4_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

3 S3_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 3 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 3, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S3_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S3_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

2 S2_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 2 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 2, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S2_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S2_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

1 S1_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 1 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 1, it becomes ‘1’. This interrupt

information is applied to S1_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S1_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

0 S0_INT

Occurrence of SOCKET 0 Interrupt

When an interrupt occurs at SOCKET 0, it becomes ‘0’. This interrupt

information is applied to S0_IR. This bit is automatically cleared when

S0_IR is cleared to 0x00 by host.

8.3.2 SOCKET Registers

Sn_MR (SOCKET n Mode Register)[R/W][0xFE4000 + 0x100n][0x0000]

This register configures the protocol type or option of SOCKET n.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

MULTI ND / MC P3 P2 P1 P0

Bit Symbol Description

7 MULTI

Multicasting

0 : disable Multicasting

1 : enable Multicasting

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This only applies to UDP case(P3-P0 : “0010”)

To use multicasting, write multicast group address and port number to

SOCKET n destination IP and port register respectively before using the

OPEN command.

6 MF

MAC Filter

0: disable MAC filtering

1: enable MAC filtering

Filters the MAC addresses except own MAC and broadcasting MAC address.

5 ND/MC

Use No Delayed ACK

0 : Disable No Delayed ACK option

1 : Enable No Delayed ACK option,

This only applies to TCP case (P3-P0 : “0001”)

If this bit is set as ‘1’, ACK packet is immediately transmitted after

receiving data packet from a peer. If this bit is cleared, ACK packet is

transmitted according to internal timeout mechanism.

Multicast

0 : using IGMP version 2

1 : using IGMP version 1

This bit is valid when MULTI bit is enabled and UDP mode is used (P3-P0 :

“0010”).

In addition, multicast can be used to send out the version number in IGMP

messages such as Join/Leave/Report to multicast-group

4 Reserved Reserved

3 P3

Protocol

Sets up corresponding SOCKET as TCP, UDP, or IP RAW mode

Symbol P3 P2 P1 P0 Meaning

Sn_MR_CLOSE 0 0 0 0 Closed

Sn_MR_TCP 0 0 0 1 TCP

Sn_MR_UDP 0 0 1 0 UDP

Sn_MR_IPRAW 0 0 1 1 IPRAW

S0_MR_MACRAW 0 1 0 0 MAC RAW

S0_MR_PPPoE 0 1 0 1 PPPoE

S0_MR_MACRAW and S0_MR_PPPoE are valid only in SOCKET 0.

S0_MR_PPPoE is temporarily used for PPPoE server connection/Termination.

After connection is established, it can be utilized as another protocol.

2 P2

1 P1

0 P0

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Sn_CR (SOCKET n Command Register)[R/W][0xFE4001 + 0x100n][0x00]

This is used to set the command for SOCKET n such as OPEN, CLOSE, CONNECT, LISTEN, SEND,

and RECEIVE. After W7100A identifies the command, the Sn_CR register is automatically

cleared to 0x00. Even though Sn_CR is cleared to 0x00, the command is still being processed.

To verify whether the command is completed or not, please check the Sn_IR or Sn_SR

registers.

Value Symbol Description

0x01 OPEN

SOCKET n is initialized and opened according to the protocol selected in

Sn_MR (P3:P0). The table below shows the value of Sn_SR corresponding

to Sn_MR

Sn_MR(P3:P0) Sn_SR

Sn_MR_CLOSE(0x00) -

Sn_MR_TCP(0x01) SOCK_INIT(0x13)

Sn_MR_UDP(0x02) SOCK_UDP(0x22)

Sn_MR_IPRAW(0x03) SOCK_IPRAW(0x32)

S0_MR_MACRAW(0x04)

SOCK_MACRAW(0x42)

S0_MR_PPPoE(0x05) SOCK_PPPoE(0x5F)

0x02 LISTEN

This is valid only in TCP mode (Sn_MR(P3:P0) = Sn_MR_TCP).

In this mode, the SOCKET n is configured as a TCP server which is

waiting for connection-request (SYN packet) from any “TCP CLIENT”.

The Sn_SR register changes the state from SOCK_INIT to

SOCKET_LISTEN.

When a client’s connection request is successfully established, the

Sn_SR changes from SOCK_LISTEN to SOCK_ESTABLIESHED and the

Sn_IR(0) becomes ‘1’. On the other hand, Sn_IR(3) is set as ‘1’ and

Sn_SR changes to SOCK_CLOSED during a connection failure(SYN/ACK

packet failed to transfer)

cf> If the destination port of the TCP Client does not exist during a

connection request, W7100A will transmit a RST packet and Sn_SR is

unchanged.

0x04 CONNECT

This mode is only valid in TCP mode and operates the SOCKET n as a

TCP client.

A connect-request (SYN packet) is sent to the TCP server by connecting

to the IP address and port stored in destination address and port

registers (Sn_DIPR0 and Sn_DPORT0)

When a client’s connection request is successfully established, the

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Sn_SR register is changed to SOCK_ESTABLIESHED and the Sn_IR(0)

becomes ‘1’.

In the following cases, the connect-request fails

- When a ARP timeout occurs (Sn_IR(s)=‘1’) because the

Destination Hardware Address is not acquired through the ARP

process

- When a SYN/ACK packet is not received and TCP timeout

(Sn_IR(3)) is’1’

- When a RST packet is received instead of a SYN/ACK packet

Above three cases, Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

0x08 DISCON

Only valid in TCP mode

Regardless of “TCP SERVER” or “TCP CLIENT”, this disconnect the

process

- Active close : it transmits disconnect-request(FIN packet) to

the connected peer

- Passive close : When FIN packet is received from peer, a FIN

packet is replied back to the peer

when FIN/ACK packet is received, Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

When a disconnect request is not received, TCPTO occurs (Sn_IR(3)=’1’)

and Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

cf> If CLOSE is used instead of DISCON, only Sn_SR is changed to

SOCK_CLOSED without disconnect-process(disconnect-request). If a RST

packet is received from a peer during communication, Sn_SR is

unconditionally changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

0x10 CLOSE Closes SOCKET n.

Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

0x20 SEND

SEND command transmits remained (not transmitted) data buffered in

the TX memory. For more details, please refer to SOCKET n TX Free Size

Register (Sn_TX_FSR), SOCKET n TX Write Pointer Register(Sn_TX_WR),

and SOCKET n TX Read Pointer Register(Sn_TX_RD).

0x21 SEND_MAC

Used in UDP mode only

The basic operation is same as SEND. Normally SEND operation needs

Destination Hardware Address which can be retrieved by the ARP

(Address Resolution Protocol) process. SEND_MAC uses SOCKET n

Destination Hardware Address(Sn_DHAR) that is chosen by the user

without going through the ARP process.

0x22 SEND_KEEP Used in TCP mode

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It checks the connection status by sending the keep alive packet. If the

connection has no response from peers or is terminated, the Timeout

interrupt will occur.

0x40 RECV

RECV processes the data received by using a RX read pointer

register(Sn_RX_RD).

For more detail, please refer to 9.2.1.1 SERVER mode Receiving Process

with SOCKET n RX Received Size Register (Sn_RX_RSR), SOCKET n RX

Write Pointer Register(Sn_RX_WR), and SOCKET n RX Read Pointer

Register(Sn_RX_RD).

Below commands are only valid for SOCKET 0 and S0_MR(P3:P0) = S0_MR_PPPoE.

For more detail refer to the W5100 application note “How to use ADSL”.

Value Symbol Description

0x23 PCON ADSL connection begins by transmitting PPPoE Discovery Packet

0x24 PDISCON Closes ADSL connection

0x25 PCR In each phase, it transmits REQ message

0x26 PCN In each phase, it transmits NAK message

0x27 PCJ In each phase, it transmits REJECT message

Sn_IR (SOCKET n Interrupt Register)[R/W][0xFE4002 + 0x100n][0x00]

Sn_IR register provides information such as the type of interrupt (establishment,

termination, receiving data, timeout) used in SOCKET n. When an interrupt occurs and the

mask bit of Sn_IMR is ‘1’, the interrupt bit of Sn_IR becomes ‘1’.

In order to clear the Sn_IR bit, the host should write the bit as ‘1’. When all the bits of

Sn_IR is cleared (‘0’), IR(n) is automatically cleared. It occurs the INT5 signal (nINT5:

TCPIPCore interrupt) to MCU.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PRECV PFAIL PNEXT SEND_OK

TIMEOUT

RECV DISCON CON

Bit Symbol Description

7 PRECV PPP Receive Interrupt, when the option which is not supported is

received

6 PFAIL PPP Fail Interrupt, when PAP Authentication is failed

5 PNEXT PPP Next Phase Interrupt, when the phase is changed during ADSL

connection process

4 SENDOK SEND OK Interrupt, when the SEND command is completed

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3 TIMEOUT TIMEOUT Interrupt, when ARP timeout or TCP timeout occurs

2 RECV Receive Interrupt, whenever data packet is received from a peer

1 DISCON Disconnect Interrupt, when FIN of FIN/ACK packet is received from a

peer

0 CON Connect Interrupt occurs only one time when changing the SOCKET

status to SOCK_Established

Sn_IMR (SOCKET n Interrupt Mask Register)[R/W][0xFE402C + 0x100n][0xFF]

It configures the interrupt of SOCKET n so as to notify to the host. Interrupt mask bit of

Sn_IMR corresponds to interrupt bit of Sn_IR. If interrupt occurs in any SOCKET and the bit is

set as ‘1’, its corresponding bit of Sn_IR is set as ‘1’. When the bits of Sn_IMR and Sn_IR are

‘1’, IR(n) becomes ‘1’. At this time, if IMR(n) is ‘1’, the interrupt is issued to the host. (‘/INT’

signal is asserted low)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PRECV PFAIL PNEXT SEND_OK

TIMEOUT

RECV DISCON CON

Bit Symbol Description

7 PRECV Sn_IR(PRECV) Interrupt Mask

Valid only in case of ‘SOCKET = 0’ & ‘S0_MR(P3:P0) = S0_MR_PPPoE’

6 PFAIL Sn_IR(PFAIL) Interrupt Mask

Valid only in case of ‘SOCKET = 0’ & ‘S0_MR(P3:P0) = S0_MR_PPPoE’

5 PNEXT Sn_IR(PNEXT) Interrupt Mask

Valid only in case of ‘SOCKET = 0’ & ‘S0_MR(P3:P0) = S0_MR_PPPoE’

4 SENDOK Sn_IR(SENDOK) Interrupt Mask

3 TIMEOUT Sn_IR(TIMEOUT) Interrupt Mask

2 RECV Sn_IR(RECV) Interrupt Mask

1 DISCON Sn_IR(DISCON) Interrupt Mask

0 CON Sn_IR(CON) Interrupt Mask

Sn_SR (SOCKET n Status Register)[R][0xFE4003 + 0x100n][0x00]

This register provides the status of SOCKET n. SOCKET status are changed when using the

Sn_CR register or during packet transmission/reception.

The table below describes the different states of SOCKET n

Value Symbol Description

0x00 SOCK_CLOSED When DISCON or CLOSE command is used, or ARPTO, or TCPTO

occurs, the state changes to SOCK_CLOSED regardless of

previous value.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0x13 SOCK_INIT In this state, the SOCKET n is opened in TCP mode and

initialized the first step of TCP connection establishment.

Now, the user can use the LISTEN and CONNECT commands.

When Sn_MR(P3:P0) is Sn_MR_TCP and the OPEN command is

used, the stage changes to SOCK_INIT.

0x14 SOCK_LISTEN SOCKET n operates in TCP Server Mode and waits for a

connection-request (SYN packet) from a “TCP CLIENT”.

When the LISTEN command is used, the stage changes to

SOCK_LISTEN

Once the connection is established, the SOCKET state

changes from SOCK_LISTEN to SOCK_ESTABLISHED;however,

if the connection fails, TCPTO occurs (Sn_IR(TIME_OUT) = ‘1’)

and the state changes to SOCK_CLOSED.

0x17 SOCK_ESTABLISHED When a SYN packet is received from a TCP client, the socket

changes from the SOCK_LISTEN or CONNECTS state to the

SOCK_ESTABLISHED state. At this stage, DATA packets can be

exchanged by using the SEND or RECV command.

0x1C SOCK_CLOSE_WAIT In this case, a disconnect-request (FIN packet) is received

from a peer. Although the TCP connection is half-closed,

data packet can still be transferred. In order to complete

the TCP disconnection, the DISCON command should be

used. When a socket is closed without going through the

disconnection-process, the CLOSE command should be used.

0x22 SOCK_UDP The socket is opened in UDP mode. The SOCKET status is

changed to SOCK_UDP when Sn_MR(P3:P0) is Sn_MR_UDP

and OPEN command is used. Unlike TCP mode, the SOCKET

in UDP mode can transfer data without establishing a

connection (3 way handshake)

0x32 SOCK_IPRAW The socket is opened in IPRAW mode. The SOCKET status is

change to SOCK_IPRAW when Sn_MR(P3:P0) is Sn_MR_IPRAW

and OPEN command is used. IP Packet can be transferred

without a connection similar to the UDP mode.

0x42 SOCK_MACRAW SOCKET0 is opened in MACRAW mode. The SOCKET status is

change to SOCK_MACRAW when S0_IMR(P3:P0) is

S0_MR_MACRAW and S0_CR = OPEN. MAC packet(Ethernet

frame) can be transferred similar to UDP mode.

0x5F SOCK_PPPOE SOCKET 0 is opened in PPPoE mode. The SOCKET status is

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changed to SOCK_PPPoE when S0_MR(P3:P0) = S0_MR_PPPoE

and S0_CR = OPEN.

Below table shows the temporary status which can be observed when changing the Sn_SR.

Value Symbol Description

0x15 SOCK_SYNSENT This status indicates that a connect-request(SYN packet) is

sent to a "TCP SERVER".

SYNSENT is an intermediate state between SOCK_INT and

SOCK_ESTABLISHED. If connect-accept(SYN/ACK packet) is

received from a "TCP SERVER", the SOCKET status

automatically changes to SOCK_ESTBLISHED. However, if

SYN/ACK packet is not received before TCP timeout occurs

(Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)=‘1’), the status is changed to

SOCK_CLOSED.

0x16 SOCK_SYNRECV This status indicate that a connect-request(SYN packet) is

received from a "TCP CLIENT".

The socket status changes to SOCK_ESTABLISHED when

W7100A successfully transmits connect-accept (SYN/ACK

packet) to a "TCP CLIENT". If W7100A fails to send and TCPTO

occurs (Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)=‘1’), the status is changed to

SOCK_CLOSED.

0x18 SOCK_FIN_WAIT

These statues show the process of terminating a connection.

If the termination succeeds or Timeout interrupt is asserted,

the socket status is changed to SOCK_CLOSED.

0x1A SOCK_CLOSING

0X1B SOCK_TIME_WAIT

0X1D SOCK_LAST_ACK

0x01 SOCK_ARP This status indicates an ARP-request is being transmitted to

a peer in order to acquire destination hardware address.

It appears when the SEND command is used in UDP, IP RAW,

and TCP mode, the socket status changes to SOCK_ARP.

If the hardware address is successfully acquired from the

destination (ARP-response is received), the socket status

changes to SOCK_UDP, SOCK_IPRAW or SOCK_SYNSENT.

On the other hand, when W7100A fails to acquire the

hardware address and an ARP timeout occurs

(Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)= ‘1’), the socket status returns to the

previous state in UDP mode and IP RAW mode. In TCP mode,

the socket status goes to the SOCK_CLOSED state.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

cf> In UDP and IP RAW mode, the Sn_DIPR register compares

the previous and current values. ARP is only used if the two

values are different.

Figure 8.2 SOCKET n Status transition

Sn_PORT (SOCKET n Source Port Register)[R/W][(0xFE4004 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4005 +

0x100n)][0x0000]

It sets source port number.

It is valid when SOCKET n is used as TCP or UDP mode, and ignored when used as other

modes.

It should be set before OPEN command.

Ex) In case of SOCKET 0 port = 5000(0x1388), configure as below,

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0xFE4004 0xFE4005

0x13 0x88

Sn_DHAR (SOCKET n Destination Hardware Address Register)[R/W][(0xFE4006 + 0x100n)

– (0xFE400B + 0x100n)][FF.FF.FF.FF.FF.FF]

It sets or is set as destination hardware address of SOCKET n. Also, if SOCKET 0 is used for

PPPoE mode, S0_DHAR sets as PPPoE server hardware an address that is already known.

When using SEND_MAC command at the UDP or IPRAW mode, it sets the destination

hardware address of SOCKET n. At the TCP, UDP and IPRAW mode, Sn_DHAR is set as

destination hardware address that is acquired by ARP-process of CONNECT or SEND command.

The host can acquire the destination hardware address through Sn_DHAR after successfully

performing CONNET or SEND command.

When using PPPoE-process of W7100A, PPPoE server hardware address is not required to be

set.

However, even if PPPoE-process of W7100A is not used, but implemented by yourself with

MACRAW mode, in order to transmit or receive the PPPoE packet, PPPoE server hardware

address(acquired by your PPPoE-process), PPPoE server IP address, and PPP session ID should

be set, and MR(PPPoE) also should be set as '1'.

S0_DHAR sets the PPPoE server hardware address before the OPEN command. PPPoE server

hardware address which is set by S0_DHAR is applied to PDHAR after performing the OPEN

command. The configured PPPoE information is internally valid even after the CLOSE

command.

EX) In case of SOCKET 0 Destination Hardware address = 00.08.DC.01.02.10, config

uration is as below,

0xFE4006 0xFE4007 0xFE4008 0xFE4009 0xFE400A 0xFE400B

0x00 0x08 0xDC 0x01 0x02 0x10

Sn_DIPR (SOCKET n Destination IP Address Register)[R/W][(0xFE400C + 0x100n) –

(0xFE400F + 0x100n)][00.00.00.00]

It sets or is set as destination IP address of SOCKET n. If SOCKET 0 is used as PPPoE mode,

S0_DIPR0 sets PPPoE server with an IP address that is already known.

It is valid only in TCP, UDP, IPRAW or PPPoE mode, but ignored in MACRAW mode.

In the TCP mode, when operating as "TCP CLIENT" it sets the IP address of the "TCP SERVER"

before performing the CONNECT command and when operating as "TCP SERVER", it internally

sets the IP address of the "TCP CLIENT" after successfully establishing connection.

In UDP or IPRAW mode, set the destination IP address in the Sn_DIPR for transmitting UDP or

IPRAW DATA packets before performing SEND or SEND_MAC command. At the PPPoE mode,

S0_DIPR sets as PPPoE server IP address that is already known.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Ex) In case of SOCKET 0 Destination IP address = 192.168.0.11, configure as below,

0xFE400C 0xFE400D 0xFE400E 0xFE400F

192 (0xC0) 168 (0xA8) 0 (0x00) 11 (0x0B)

Sn_DPORT (SOCKET n Destination Port Register)[R/W][(0xFE4010 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4011

+ 0x100n)][0x0000]

The destination port number is set in the Sn_DPORT of SOCKET n. If SOCKET 0 is used as

PPPoE mode, S0_DPORT0 sets PPP session ID that is already known.

It is valid only in TCP, UDP or PPPoE mode, and ignored in other modes.

At the TCP mode, when operating as "TCP CLIENT", it listens for the port number of the "TCP

SERVER" before performing the CONNECT command.

At the UDP mode, the destination port number is set in the Sn_DPORT to be used for

transmitting UDP DATA packets before performing SEND or SEND_MAC command.

At the PPPoE mode, the PPP session ID that is already known is set in the S0_DPORT. PPP

session ID (set by S0_DPORT0) is applied to PSIDR after performing the OPEN command.

Ex) In case of SOCKET 0 Destination Port = 5000(0x1388), configure as below,

0xFE4010 0xFE4011

0x13 0x88

Sn_MSSR (SOCKET n Maximum Segment Size Register)[R/W][(0xFE4012 + 0x100n) –

(0xFE4013 + 0x100n)][0x0000]

It sets the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) of SOCKET n or notifies the MTU that is already set.

It supports TCP or UDP mode. When using PPPoE (MR(PPPoE)=‘1’), the MTU of the TCP or UDP

mode is assigned in the range of the MTU of PPPoE.

At the IPRAW or MACRAW, MTU is not processed internally, but the default MTU is used.

Therefore, when transmitting data bigger than the default MTU, the host should manually

divide the data into the default MTU unit.

Reset value is 0 in the SOCKET initialization process, but the MSSR is changed to the smaller

value between the user setting value and default value. If there is no user setting value, MSSR

is changed to default value.

At the TCP or UDP mode, if transmitting data is bigger than the MTU, W7100A automatically

divides the data into the MTU unit.

MTU is known as MSS in the TCP mode. By selecting from the Host-Written-Value and the

peer's MSS, MSS is automatically set as the smaller value through the TCP connection process.

At the UDP mode, there is no connection-process of TCP mode, and Host-Written-Value is

just used. When communicating with the peer having a different MTU, W7100A is able to

receive ICMP (Fragment MTU) packets. So, the user should close the SOCKET, set FMTU as

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Sn_MSSR and retry the communication with the OPEN command.

Mode Normal (MR(PPPoE)=‘0’) PPPoE (MR(PPPoE)=‘1’)

Default MTU

Range Default MTU

Range

TCP 1460 1 ~ 1460 1452 1 ~ 1452

UDP 1472 1 ~ 1472 1464 1 ~ 1464

IPRAW 1480 1472

MACRAW 1514

Ex) In case of SOCKET 0 MSS = 1460(0x05B4), configure as below,

0xFE4012 0xFE4013

0x05 0xB4

Sn_PROTO (SOCKET n Protocol Number Register)[R/W][0xFE4014 + 0x100n][0x00]

It is a 1 byte register that sets the protocol number field of the IP header at the IP layer. It

is valid only in IPRAW mode, and ignored in other modes. Sn_PROTO is set before OPEN

command. When SOCKET n is opened in IPRAW mode, it transmits and receives the data of the

protocol number set in Sn_PROTO. Sn_PROTO can be assigned in the range of 0x00 ~ 0xFF, but

W7100A does not support TCP(0x06) and UDP(0x11) protocol number

Protocol number is defined in IANA(Internet assigned numbers authority). For the detail,

refer to online document (Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbersU).

Ex) Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP) = 0x01, Internet Group Management Pr

otocol = 0x02

Sn_TOS (SOCKET n TOS Register)[R/W][0xFE4015 + 0x100n][0x00]

It sets the TOS(Type of Service) field of the IP header at the IP layer. It should be set before

the OPEN command. Refer to Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/ip-parametersU.

Sn_TTL (SOCKET n TTL Register)[R/W][0xFE4016 + 0x100n][0x80]

It sets the TTL(Time To Live) field of the IP header at the IP layer. It should be set before

the OPEN command. Refer to Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/ip-parametersU.

Sn_RXMEM_SIZE (SOCKET n Receive Memory Size Register)[R/W][0xFE401E +

0x100n][0x02]

It configures the internal RX Memory size of each SOCKET. RX Memory size of each SOCKET is

configurable in the size of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16Kbytes. 2Kbytes is assigned when reset.

Sn_RXMEM_SIZESUM(sum of Sn_RXMEM_SIZE) of each SOCKET should be 16KB.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Ex1) SOCKET 0 : 8KB, SOCKET 1 : 2KB

0xFE401E 0xFE411E

0x08 0x02

Ex2) SOCKET 2 : 1KB, SOCKET 3 : 1KB

0xFE421E 0xFE431E

0x01 0x01

Ex3) SOCKET 4 : 1KB, SOCKET 5 : 1KB

0xFE441E 0xFE451E

0x01 0x01

Ex4) SOCKET 6 : 1KB, SOCKET 7 : 1KB

0xFE461E 0xFE471E

0x01 0x01

As shown above ex1) ~ ex4), total size of each SOCKET’s RX memory (Sn_RXMEM_S

IZESUM) is 16Kbytes.

Sn_TXMEM_SIZE (SOCKET n Transmit Memory Size Register)[R/W][0xFE401F +

0x100n][0x02]

It configures the internal TX Memory size of each SOCKET. TX Memory size of each SOCKET is

configurable in the size of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16Kbytes. 2Kbytes is assigned when reset.

Sn_TXMEM_SIZESUM(summation of Sn_TXMEM_SIZE) of each SOCKET should be 16KB.

Ex5) SOCKET 0 : 4KB, SOCKET 1 : 1KB

0xFE401F 0xFE411F

0x04 0x01

Ex6) SOCKET 2 : 2KB, SOCKET 3 : 1KB

0xFE421F 0xFE431F

0x02 0x01

Ex7) SOCKET 4 : 2KB, SOCKET 5 : 2KB

0xFE441F 0xFE451F

0x02 0x02

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Ex8) SOCKET 6 : 2KB, SOCKET 7 : 2KB

0xFE461F 0xFE471F

0x02 0x02

As shown above ex5) ~ ex8), total size of each SOCKET’s TX memory (Sn_TXMEM_S

IZESUM) is 16Kbytes.

Sn_TX_FSR (SOCKET n TX Free Size Register)[R][(0xFE4020 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4021 +

100n)][0x0000]

It notifies the available size of the internal TX memory (the byte size of transmittable data)

of SOCKET n. The host can’t write data as a size bigger than Sn_TX_FSR. Therefore, be sure to

check Sn_TX_FSR before transmitting data, and if your data size is smaller than or the same

as Sn_TX_FSR, transmit the data with SEND or SEND_MAC command after copying the data.

At the TCP mode, if the peer checks the transmitted DATA packet (if DATA/ACK packet is

received from the peer), Sn_TX_FSR is automatically increased by the size of that transmitted

DATA packet. At the other modes, when Sn_IR(SENDOK) is ‘1’, Sn_TX_FSR is automatically

increased by the size of the transmitted data.

Ex) In case of 2048(0x8000) in S0_TX_FSR0

0xFE4020 0xFE4021

0x08 0x00

Sn_TX_RD (SOCKET n TX Read Pointer Register)[R][(0xFE4022 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4023 +

0x100n)][0x0000]

This register shows the address of the last transmission finishing in the TX memory. With the

SEND command of SOCKET n Command Register, it transmits data from the current Sn_TX_RD

to the Sn_TX_WR and automatically updates after transmission is finished. Therefore, after

transmission is finished, Sn_TX_RD and Sn_TX_WR will have the same value. When reading this

register, the user should read the upper bytes (0xFE4022, 0xFE4122, 0xFE4222, 0xFE4322,

0xFE4422, 0xFE4522, 0xFE4622, 0xFE4722) first and lower bytes (0xFE4023, 0xFE4123,

0xFE4223, 0xFE4323, 0xFE4423, 0xFE4523, 0xFE4623, 0xFE4723) later to get the correct value.

Sn_TX_WR (SOCKET n TX Write Pointer Register)[R/W][(0xFE4024 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4025

+ 0x100n)][0x0000]

This register offers the location information of where the transmission data should be

written. When reading this register, the user should read the upper bytes (0xFE4024,

0xFE4124, 0xFE4224, 0xFE4324, 0xFE4424, 0xFE4524, 0xFE4624, 0xFE4724) first and the lower

bytes (0xFE4025, 0xFE4125, 0xFE4225, 0xFE4325, 0xFE4425, 0xFE4525, 0xFE4625, 0xFE4725)

later to get the correct value.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Ex) In case of 2048(0x0800) in S0_TX_WR,

0xFE4024 0xFE4025

0x08 0x00

But this value itself is not the physical address to write. So, the physical address should be

calculated as follows: (Refer to the W7100A Driver code)

1. SOCKET n TX Base Address (SBUFBASEADDRESS(n)) and SOCKETn TX Mask Address

(SMASK(n)) are calculated on Sn_TXMEM_SIZE(n) value. Refer to the Pseudo code of the

Initialization if detail is needed.

2. The bitwise-AND operation of two values and Sn_TX_WR and SMASK(n) gives the result

of the offset address (dst_mask) in TX memory range of the SOCKET.

3. Two values dst_mask and SBUFBASEADDRESS(n) are added together to give the result of

the physical address (dst_ptr).

Now, write the transmission data to dst_ptr as large as the user wants. (* There may be a

case where it exceeds the TX memory of the upper-bound of the SOCKET while writing. In this

case, write the transmission data to the upper-bound, and change the physical address to the

SBUFBASEADDRESS(n). Next, write the rest of the transmission data.)

After that, be sure to increase the Sn_TX_WR value by the size of writing data. Finally, give

the SEND command to Sn_CR (SOCKET n Command Register). Refer to the pseudo code of the

transmission part on TCP Server mode if the detail is needed.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 8.3 Calculate Physical Address

Sn_RX_RSR (SOCKET n RX Received Size Register)[R][(0xFE4026 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4027

+ 0x100n)][0x0000]

It informs the user of the byte size of the received data in Internal RX Memory of SOCKET n.

As this value is internally calculated with the values of Sn_RX_RD and Sn_RX_WR, it is

automatically changed by RECV command of SOCKET n Command Register(Sn_CR) and

receives data from the remote peer. When reading this register, the user should read the

upper byte(0xFE4026, 0xFE4126, 0xFE4226, 0xFE4326, 0xFE4426, 0xFE4526, 0xFE4626,

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE4726) first and lower byte(0xFE4027, 0xFE4127, 0xFE4227, 0xFE4327, 0xFE4427,

0xFE4527, 0xFE4627, 0xFE4727) later to get the correct value.

Ex) In case of 2048(0x0800) in S0_RX_RSR,

0xFE4026 0xFE4027

0x08 0x00

The total size of this value can be decided according to the value of RX Memory Size Register.

Sn_RX_RD (SOCKET n Read Pointer Register)[R/W][(0xFE4028 + 0x100n) – (0xFE4029 +

0x100n)][0x0000]

This register offers the location information to read the receiving data. When reading this

register, user should read the upper byte (0xFE4028, 0xFE4128, 0xFE4228, 0xFE4328,

0xFE4428, 0xFE4528, 0xFE4628, 0xFE4728) first and lower byte (0xFE4029, 0xFE4129,

0xFE4229, 0xFE4329, 0xFE4429, 0xFE4529, 0xFE4629, 0xFE4729) later to get the correct value.

Ex) In case of 2048(0x0800) in S0_RX_RD,

0x0428 0x0429

0x08 0x00

But this value itself is not the physical address to read. So, the physical address should be

calculated as follows: (Refer to the W7100A Driver code)

1. SOCKET n RX Base Address (RBUFBASEADDRESS(n)) and SOCKET n RX Mask Address

(RMASK(n)) are calculated on Sn_RXMEM_SIZE(n) value.

2. The bitwise-AND operation of two values, Sn_RX_RD and RMASK(n) gives the result of

the offset address (src_mask), in the RX memory range of the SOCKET.

3. Two values src_mask and RBUFBASEADDRESS(n) are added together to give the result of

the physical address(src_ptr).

Now, read the receiving data from src_ptr as large as the user wants. (* There may be a case

where it exceeds the RX memory upper-bound of the SOCKET while reading. In this case, read

the receiving data to the upper-bound, and change the physical address to the

RBUFBASEADDRESS(n). Next, read the rest of the receiving data.)

After that, be sure to increase the Sn_RX_RD value by the size of the reading data. (* Must

not increase more than the size of received data. So must check Sn_RX_RSR before receiving

process.) Finally, give RECV command to Sn_CR(SOCKET n Command Register).

Refer to the pseudo code of the receiving part on TCP Server mode if the detail is needed.

Sn_RX_WR (SOCKET n RX Write Pointer Register)[R/W][(0xFE402A + 0x100n) – (0xFE402B

+ 0x100n)][0x0000]

This register offers the location information to write the receive data. When reading this

register, the user should read upper bytes (0xFE402A, 0xFE412A, 0xFE422A, 0xFE432A,

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

0xFE442A, 0xFE452A, 0xFE462A, 0xFE472A) first and lower bytes (0xFE402B, 0xFE412B,

0xFE422B, 0xFE432B, 0xFE442B, 0xFE452B, 0xFE462B, 0xFE472B) later to get the correct

value.

Ex) In case of 2048(0x0800) in S0_RX_WR,

0xFE402A 0xFE402B

0x08 0x00

Sn_FRAG (SOCKET n Fragment Register)[R/W][(0xFE402D + 0x100n) – (0xFE402E +

0x100n)][0x4000]

It sets the Fragment field of the IP header at the IP layer. W7100A does not support the

packet fragment at the IP layer. Even though Sn_FRAG is configured, IP data is not fragmented,

and not recommended either. It should be configured before performing OPEN command.

Ex) Sn_FRAG0 = 0x4000 (Don’t Fragment)

0xFE402D 0xFE402E

0x40 0x00

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

9 Functional Description

Since the W7100A internally contains the 8051 compatible MCU and TCP/IP core, it can run

standalone without other devices to Ethernet application. In this section, both the

initialization of the W7100A and the communication method for each protocol (TCP, UDP,

IPRAW and MACRAW) based on Pseudo code will be introduced.

9.1 Initialization

The initialization of W7100A has three steps which setup the 8051 MCU, the network

information and the internal TX/RX memory.

 STEP 1 : Initializes MCU

1. Interrupt setting

Set the enable / disable state of interrupt such as the general 8051. Detail information

of the setting refers to the section 3 ‘Interrupt’.

2. Memory Access timing setting

The memory access timing can be set by using two registers which are CKCON (0x8E) and

WTST (0x92) registers. The CKCON (0x8E) can control the data memory access timing and

the WTST (0x92) can control the code memory access timing. Both two registers can set

their value from 0 to 7. But in the W7100A, CKCON can set the value 1~7 and WTST can

set the value 4~7 only. The other values of both registers are not used. If the user sets

the value to an unused value, the W7100A cannot run properly. Detail information can be

found in the section 2.5 ‘SFR definition’.

Ex) Setting: interrupt disabled, 2 clocks access time with data memory, 7 clocks

access time with code memory.

EA = 0; // Disable all interrupts

CKCON = 0x01; // Set data memory access time

WTST = 0x06; // Set code memory access time

3. Serial baud rate, register and interrupt setting for serial communication

1) For the serial communication, related registers of W7100A should be set.

The registers of W7100A for serial communication are TMOD, PCON and SCON as below.

① TMOD(89H): Decide the timer/counter mode for serial communication.

GATE C/T M1 M0 GATE C/T M1 M0

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Table 9.1 Timer / Counter Mode

M1 M0 Mode

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 2

1 1 3

② PCON(87H): Decide the SMOD bit which is the control flag of the serial transmission

rate.

SMOD - - - - - - -

Table 9.2 Baud rate

Mode SMOD = ‘0’ SMOD = ‘1’

1, 3 A half of Overflow of the

Timer/Counter 1

Overflow of the

Timer/Counter 1

2 A quarter of the XTAL A half of the XTAL

③ SCON(98H): For control and observe the UART.

SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI

Table 9.3 Mode of UART

SM0 SM1 Mode

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 2

1 1 3

SM2: Used in Mode2, 3. Assume that this bit set to 1, if the 9th bit of received data

bit is ‘1’, receive the data. Or the bit is ‘0’ ignore the data.

REN: Receive enable bit (‘1’; Receive enable).

TB8: In the mode2, 3, 8th bit of transmitted data.

RB8: In the mode2, 3, 8th bit of received data.

TI: Transmission complete interrupt flag.

RI: Reception complete interrupt flag.

2) Interrupt state should be set when initializing the serial communication.

Since the serial communication uses interrupt, user must disable the related interrupts

when initializing the serial communication.

3) The baud rate should be set to the value which the user will use. Baud rate value for the

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

timer of W7100A refers to the section 6.6 ‘Examples of Baud Rate Setting’.

The calculation of baud rate for the timer is as below

① Calculation formula of timer1

TH1 = 256 – ((K * 88.4736MHz) / (384 * baud rate))

K = ‘1’ at SMOD = ‘0’, K = ‘2’ at SMOD = ‘1’

② Calculation formula of timer2

(RCAP2H, RCAP2L) = 65536 – (88.4736MHz / (32 * baud rate))

Ex) Using timer mode2, SMOD = 1, Clock speed = 88.4736MHz, Baud rate = 115200.

ET1= 0; // Timer1 INT disable

TMOD = 0x20; // TIMER MODE2

PCON |= 0x80; // SMOD = 1

TH1 = 0xFC; // x2 115200(SMOD = 1) at 88.4736MHz

TR1 = 1; // Start the TIMER1

SCON = 0x50; // Serial MODE1, REN = 1, TI = 0, RI = 0

ES = 0; // Serial interrupt disable

RI = 0; // Receive interrupt disable

TI = 0; // Transmit interrupt disable

4) If user uses TCPIP Core interrupt, the INTLEVEL register must be set to the value more than

0x2B00 because of internal TCPIP Core interrupt routine.

Ex) Set the INTLEVEL register to 0x2B00

IINCHIP_WRITE (INTLEVEL0, 0x2B); //write high byte of INTLEVEL TCPIPCore register

IINCHIP_WRITE (INTLEVEL0 + 1, 0x00);//write low byte of INTLEVEL TCPIPCore register

 STEP 2 : Setting Network Information

1. Basic network information setting for communication:

It must be set the basic network information.

① SHAR(Source Hardware Address Register)

It is prescribed that the source hardware addresses, which is set by SHAR, use

unique hardware addresses (Ethernet MAC address) in the Ethernet MAC layer. The

IEEE manages the MAC address allocation. The manufacturer which produces the

network device allocates the MAC address to product.

Details on MAC address allocation refer to the website as below.

Uhttp://www.ieee.org/U, Uhttp://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtmlU

② GAR(Gateway Address Register)

③ SUBR(Subnet Mask Register)

④ SIPR(Source IP Address Register)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

2. Set the retransmission time & count when the packet transmission fails.

To set the retransmission time, the registers should be set as below.

① RTR(Retry Time-value Register), In the RTR, ‘1’ means ‘100us’.

② RCR(Retry Count Register)

 STEP 3 : Allocation Internal TX/RX Memory for SOCKET n

Total configurable maximum size of TX, RX memory is 16 Kbytes. User can freely set the

memory size to 1KB, 2KB, 4KB, 8KB and 16KB within 16Kbytes each 8 sockets. But the

sum of TX or RX memory cannot be set more than 16Kbytes. (TXmax = 16KB, RXmax = 16KB)

In case of, assign 2KB rx, tx memory per SOCKET

{

gS0_RX_BASE = 0xFE0000(Chip base address) + 0xFEC000(Internal RX buffer address); // Set

base address of RX memory for SOCKET 0

Sn_RXMEM_SIZE(ch) = (uint8 *) 2; // Assign 2K rx memory per SOCKET

gS0_RX_MASK = 2K – 1; // 0x07FF, for getting offset address within assigned SOCKET 0 RX

memory

gS1_RX_BASE = gS0_RX_BASE + (gS0_RX_MASK + 1);

gS1_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS2_RX_BASE = gS1_RX_BASE + (gS1_RX_MASK + 1);

gS2_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS3_RX_BASE = gS2_RX_BASE + (gS2_RX_MASK + 1);

gS3_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS4_RX_BASE = gS3_RX_BASE + (gS3_RX_MASK + 1);

gS4_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS5_RX_BASE = gS4_RX_BASE + (gS4_RX_MASK + 1);

gS5_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS6_RX_BASE = gS5_RX_BASE + (gS5_RX_MASK + 1);

gS6_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS7_RX_BASE = gS6_RX_BASE + (gS6_RX_MASK + 1);

gS7_RX_MASK = 2K – 1;

gS0_TX_BASE = 0xFE0000(Chip base address) + 0xFE8000(Internal TX buffer address); // Set

base address of TX memory for SOCKET 0

Sn_TXMEM_SIZE(ch) = (uint8 *) 2; // Assign 2K rx memory per SOCKET

gS0_TX_MASK = 2K – 1;

Same method, set gS1_TX_BASE, gS1_TX_MASK, gS2_TX_BASE, gS2_TX_MASK, gS3_TX_BASE,

gS3_TX_MASK, gS4_TX_BASE, gS4_TX_MASK, gS5_TX_BASE, gS5_TX_MASK, gS6_TX_BASE,

gS6_tx_MASK, gS7_TX_BASE, gS7_TX_MASK.

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 9.1 Allocation Internal TX/RX memory of SOCKET n

If the W7100A initialization process is finished, the W7100A can perform data

communication through Ethernet. From this point, the W7100A can transmit the ping-reply of

the request packet which is received from network.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

9.2 Data Communication

After the W7100A initialization process, open the SOCKET to TCP or UDP or IPRAW or

MACRAW mode. W7100A can transmit and receive the data with others by ‘open’ the SOCKET.

The W7100A supports the independently and simultaneously usable 8 SOCKETS. In this section,

the communication method for each mode will be introduced.

9.2.1 TCP

The TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. The TCP make the connection SOCKET by using

its own IP address, port number and destination IP address, port number. Then transmits and

receives the data by using this SOCKET.

Methods of making the connection to SOCKET are “TCP SERVER” and “TCP CLIENT”. It is

divided by transmitting the connect-request (SYN packet).

The “TCP SERVER” listens to the connect-request from the “TCP CLIENT”, and makes

connection SOCKET by accepting the transmitted connect-request (Passive-open).

The “TCP CLIENT” transmits the connect-request first to “TCP SERVER” to make the

connection (Active-open).

Figure 9.2 TCP SERVER & TCP CLIENT

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

9.2.1.1 TCP SERVER

Figure 9.3 “TCP SERVER” Operation Flow

 SOCKET Initialization

SOCKET initialization is required for TCP data communication. The initialization is opening

the SOCKET. The SOCKET opening process selects one SOCKET from 8 SOCKETS of the W7100A,

and sets the protocol mode (Sn_MR(P3:P0)) and Sn_PORT0 which is source port number (Listen

port number in “TCP SERVER”) in the selected SOCKET, and then executes OPEN command.

After the OPEN command, if the status of Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_INIT, the SOCKET

initialization process is completed.

The SOCKET initialization process is identically applied in “TCP SEVER” and “TCP CLIENT”.

The Initialization process of SOCKET n in TCP mode is shown below.

{

START:

Sn_MR = 0x0001; // sets TCP mode

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Sn_PORT = source_port; // sets source port number

Sn_CR = OPEN; // sets OPEN command

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_INIT */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_INIT) Sn_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 LISTEN

Run as “TCP SERVER” by LISTEN command.

{

/* listen SOCKET */

Sn_CR = LISTEN;

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_LISTEN */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_LISTEN) Sn_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT

When the status of Sn_SR is SOCK_LISTEN, if it receives a SYN packet, the status of Sn_SR is

changed to SOCK_SYNRECV and transmits the SYN/ACK packet. After that, the SOCKET n

makes a connection. After it makes the connection of SOCKET n, it enables the data

communication. There are two methods to confirm the connection of SOCKET n.

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(CON) == ‘1’) Sn_IR(CON) = ‘1’; goto ESTABLISHED stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

}

Second method :

{

if (Sn_SR == SOCK_ESTABLISHED) goto ESTABLISHED stage;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT : Check received data

Confirm the reception of the TCP data.

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(RECV) == ‘1’) Sn_IR(RECV) = ‘1’; goto Receiving Process stage;

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

}

Second Method :

{

if (Sn_RX_RSR != 0x00000000) goto Receiving Process stage;

}

The First method: set the Sn_IR(RECV) to ‘1’ whenever you receive a DATA packet. If the

host receives the next DATA packet without setting the Sn_IR(RECV) as ‘1’ in the prior DATA

packet, it cannot recognize the Sn_IR(RECV) of the next DATA packet. This is due to the prior

Sn_IR(RECV) and next Sn_IR(RECV) being overlapped. So this method is not recommended if

the host cannot perfectly process the DATA packets of each Sn_IR(RECV).

 ESTABLISHMENT : Receiving process

In this process, it processes the TCP data which was received in the Internal RX memory. At

the TCP mode, the W7100A cannot receive the data if the size of received data is larger than

the RX memory free size of SOCKET n. If the prior stated condition is happened, the W7100A

holds on to the connection (pauses), and waits until the RX memory’s free size is larger than

the size of the received data.

The wizmemcpy function, using Receive / Send process for fast memory copy, is defined in

the wizmemcpy.c file of W7100A driver. About more detailed information please refer to the

section 13 ‘Performance Improvement about W7100A’ for its performance and “W7100A Driver

Guide” for its usage. If user don’t want to use the wizmemcpy function, just use a common

memory copy function.

Since the W7100A internally has data memory and TCPIPCore internal memory, user should

classify it by address. So user must pad ‘0xFE’ to the top level address of TCPIPCore internal

memory with, or DPX0 register set to ‘0xFE’ when memory copying from TCPIPCore memory

to data memory. More detail about the wizmemcpy please refers to the ‘W7100A Driver

Guide’.

{

/* first, get the received size */

len = Sn_RX_RSR; // len is received size

/* calculate offset address */

src_mask = Sn_RX_RD & gSn_RX_MASK; // src_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

src_ptr = gSn_RX_BASE + src_mask; // src_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET RX memory */

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

If((src_mask + len) > (gSn_RX_MASK + 1))

{

/* copy upper_size bytes of get_start_address to destination_address */

upper_size = (gSn_RX_MASK + 1) – src_mask;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), upper_size);

/* update destination_address */

destination_address += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of gSn_RX_BASE to destination_address */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), left_size);

}

else

{

copy len bytes of src_ptr to destination_address */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), len);

}

/* increase Sn_RX_RD as length of len */

Sn_RX_RD += len;

/* set RECV command */

Sn_CR = RECV;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT : Check send data / Send process

The size of the transmit data cannot be larger than assigned internal TX memory of SOCKET

n. If the size of transmit data is larger than configured MSS, it is divided by size of MSS and

transmits.

To transmit the next data, user must check the completion of prior SEND command. An error

may occur if the SEND command executes before completion of prior SEND command. The

larger the data size, the more time to complete the SEND command. So the user should

properly divide the data to transmit.

At the send process, user must pad ‘0xFE’ to top-level address of TCPIPCore internal

memory as in the receive process.

{

/* first, get the free TX memory size */

FREESIZE:

freesize = Sn_TX_FSR;

if (freesize < len) goto FREESIZE; // len is send size

/* calculate offset address */

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

dst_mask= Sn_TX_WR & gSn_TX_MASK; // dst_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

dst_ptr = gSn_TX_BASE + dst_mask; // dst_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET TX memory */

if ( (dst_mask + len) > (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) )

{

/* copy upper_size bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

upper_size = (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) – dst_mask;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), upper_size);

/* update source_addr*/

source_addr += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of source_addr to gSn_TX_BASE */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + gSn_TX_BASE), left_size);

}

else

{/* copy len bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), len);

}

/* increase Sn_TX_WR as length of len */

Sn_TX_WR += send_size;

/* set SEND command */

Sn_CR = SEND;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT : Check disconnect-request(FIN packet)

Check if the Disconnect-request(FIN packet) has been received. User can confirm the

reception of FIN packet as below.

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(DISCON) == ‘1’) Sn_IR(DISCON)=‘1’; goto CLOSED stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

}

Second method :

{

if (Sn_SR == SOCK_CLOSE_WAIT) goto CLOSED stage;

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

 ESTABLISHMENT : Check disconnect / disconnecting process

When the user does not need data communication with others, or receives a FIN packet,

disconnect the connection SOCKET.

{ /* set DISCON command */

Sn_CR = DISCON;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT : Check closed

Confirm that the SOCKET n is disconnected or closed by DISCON or close command.

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(DISCON) == ‘1’) goto CLOSED stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

}

Second method :

{

if (Sn_SR == SOCK_CLOSED) goto CLOSED stage;

}

 ESTABLISHMENT : Timeout

The timeout can occur by Connect-request(SYN packet) or its response(SYN/ACK packet),

the DATA packet or its response(DATA/ACK packet), the Disconnect-request(FIN packet) or its

response(FIN/ACK packet) and transmission all TCP packet. If it cannot transmit the above

packets within ‘timeout’ which is configured at RTR and RCR, the TCP final timeout(TCPTO)

occurs and the state of Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_CLOSED. Confirming method of the TCPTO is

as below:

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(TIMEOUT bit) == ‘1’) Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)=‘1’; goto CLOSED stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

}

Second method :

{

if (Sn_SR == SOCK_CLOSED) goto CLOSED stage;

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

 SOCKET close

It can be used to close the SOCKET n, which disconnected by disconnect-process, or closed

by TCPTO or closed by host’s need without disconnect-process.

{/* clear the remained interrupts of SOCKET n*/

Sn_IR = 0x00FF;

IR(n) = ‘1’;

/* set CLOSE command */

Sn_CR = CLOSE;

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

9.2.1.2 TCP CLIENT

It is same as TCP server except ‘CONNECT’ state. User can refer to the “9.2.1.1 TCP

SERVER”.

Figure 9.4 “TCP CLIENT” Operation Flow

 CONNECT

Transmit the connect-request(SYN packet) to “TCP SERVER”. It may occurs the timeout such

as ARPTO, TCPTO when make the “connection SOCKET” with “TCP SERVER”

{

Sn_DIPR = server_ip; /* set TCP SERVER IP address*/

Sn_DPORT = server_port; /* set TCP SERVER listen port number*/

Sn_CR = CONNECT; /* set CONNECT command */

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

9.2.2 UDP

The UDP is a Connection-less protocol. It communicates without “connection SOCKET”. The

TCP protocol guarantees reliable data communication, but the UDP protocol use datagram

communication which has no guarantees of data communication. Because the UDP do not use

“connection SOCKET”, it can communicate with many other devices with the known host IP

address and port number. This is a great advantage; communication with many others by using

just one SOCKET, but also it has many problems such as loss of transmitted data, unwanted

data which received from others etc. In the UDP, to avoid these problems and guarantee the

reliability, the host retransmits damaged data or ignores the unwanted data which is received

from others. The UDP protocol supports unicast, broadcast, and multicast communication. It

follows the below communication flow.

Figure 9.5 UDP Operation Flow

9.2.2.1 Unicast & Broadcast

The unicast is one method of UDP communication. It transmits data to one destination at

one time. On the other hand, the broadcast communication transmits data to all receivable

destinations by using ‘broadcast IP address (255.255.255.255)’. For example, suppose that the

user transmits data to destination A, B and C. The unicast communication transmits each

destication A, B and C at each time. At this time, the ARPTO can also occur when the user gets

the destination hardware address of destinations A, B and C. User cannot transmit data to

destinations which have ARPTO.

The broadcast communication can simultaneously transmit data to destination A, B and C at

one time by using “255.255.255.255” IP address. At this time, there is no need to get the

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

destination hardware address about destination A, B and C, and also ARPTO is not occurred.

 How to make broadcast IP?

The broadcast IP address can be obtained by performing a bitwise logical OR operation

between the bit complement of the subnet mask and the host IP address.

ex> IP: 222.98.173.123, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 then broadcast IP: 222.98.173.255

Description Decimal Binary

HOST IP 222.098.173.123

11011110.01100010.10101101.01111011

Bit Complement Subnet mask 000.000.000.255

00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111

Bitwise OR - -

Broadcast IP 222.098.173.255

11011110.01100010.10101101.11111111

 SOCKET Initialization

For the UDP data communication, SOCKET initialization is needed. It is opening the SOCKET.

The SOCKET open process is as follows. At first choose the one SOCKET among the 8 SOCKETS

of W7100A, then set the protocol mode(Sn_MR(P3:P0)) of the chosen SOCKET and set the

source port number Sn_PORT0 for communication. Finally execute the OPEN command. After

the OPEN command, the state of Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_UDP. Then the SOCKET

initialization is complete.

{

START:

Sn_MR = 0x02; /* sets UDP mode */

Sn_PORT = source_port; /* sets source port number */

Sn_CR = OPEN; /* sets OPEN command */

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_UDP */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_UDP) Sn_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 Check received data

Check the reception of UDP data from destination. User can also check for received data via

TCP communication. It is strongly recommended that the TCP method is used because of the

same reason ing TCP. Please refer to the “9.2.1.1 TCP SERVER”.

First method :

{

if (Sn_IR(RECV) == ‘1’) Sn_IR(RECV) = ‘1’; goto Receiving Process stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to IR, IMR

Sn_IMR and Sn_IR. */

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

}

Second Method :

{

if (Sn_RX_RSR != 0x00000000) goto Receiving Process stage;

}

 Receiving process

Process the received UDP data in Internal RX memory. The structure of received UDP data is

as below.

Figure 9.6 The received UDP data format

The received UDP data consists of 8bytes PACKET-INFO, and DATA packet. The PACKET-INFO

contains transmitter’s information (IP address, Port number) and the length of DATA packet.

The UDP can receive UDP data from many others. User can classify the transmitter by

transmitter’s information of PACKET-INFO. It also receives broadcast SOCKET by using

“255.255.255.255” IP address. So the host should ignore unwanted reception by analysis of

transmitter’s information.

If the DATA size of SOCKET n is larger than Internal RX memory free size, user cannot receive

that DATA and also cannot receive fragmented DATA.

{/* first, get the received size */

len = Sn_RX_RSR; // len is received size

/* calculate offset address */

src_mask = Sn_RX_RD & gSn_RX_MASK; // src_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

src_ptr = gSn_RX_BASE + src_mask; // src_ptr is physical start address

/* read head information (8 bytes) */

header_size = 8;

/* if overflow SOCKET RX memory */

if ( (src_mask + header_size) > (gSn_RX_MASK + 1) )

{/* copy upper_size bytes of src_ptr to header_addr */

upper_size = (gSn_RX_MASK + 1) – src_mask;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + header_addr), upper_size);

/* update header_addr*/

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header_addr += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of gSn_RX_BASE to header_addr */

left_size = header_size – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + gSn_RX_BASE), (0x000000 + header_addr), left_size);

/* update src_mask */

src_mask = left_size;

}

else

{/* copy header_size bytes of get_start_address to header_addr */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + header_addr), header_size);

/* update src_mask */

src_mask += header_size;

}

/* update src_ptr */

src_ptr = gSn_RX_BASE + src_mask;

/* save remote peer information & received data size */

peer_ip = header[0 to 3];

peer_port = header[4 to 5];

get_size = header[6 to 7];

/* if overflow SOCKET RX memory */

if ( (src_mask + get_size) > (gSn_RX_MASK + 1) )

{/* copy upper_size bytes of src_ptr to destination_addr */

upper_size = (gSn_RX_MASK + 1) – src_mask;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_addr), upper_size);

/* update destination_addr*/

destination_addr += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of gSn_RX_BASE to destination_addr */

left_size = get_size – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + gSn_RX_BASE), (0x000000 + destination_addr), left_size);

}

else

{/* copy len bytes of src_ptr to destination_addr */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_addr), get_size);

}

/* increase Sn_RX_RD as length of len + header_size */

Sn_RX_RD = Sn_RX_RD + get_size + header_size;

/* set RECV command */

Sn_CR = RECV;

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

}

 Check send data / Sending process

The size of DATA which user wants to transmit cannot be larger than Internal TX memory. If

it is larger than MTU, it is automatically divided by MTU unit and transmits.

The Sn_DIPR0 is set “255.255.255.255” when user wants to broadcast.

{/* first, get the free TX memory size */

FREESIZE:

freesize = Sn_TX_FSR;

if (freesize < len) goto FREESIZE; // len is send size

/* Write the value of remote_ip, remote_port to the SOCKET n Destination IP Address

Register(Sn_DIPR), SOCKET n Destination Port Register(Sn_DPORT). */

Sn_DIPR = remote_ip;

Sn_DPORT = remote_port;

/* calculate offset address */

dst_mask = Sn_TX_WR & gSn_TX_MASK; // dst_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

dst_ptr = gSn_TX_BASE + dst_mask; // dst_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET TX memory */

if ( (dst_mask + len) > (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) )

{/* copy upper_size bytes of source_address to dst_ptr */

upper_size = (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) – dst_mask;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_address), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), upper_size);

/* update source_address */

source_address += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of source_address to gSn_TX_BASE */

left_size = send_size – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_address), (0xFE0000 + gSn_TX_BASE), left_size);

}

else

{/* copy len bytes of source_address to dst_ptr */

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_address), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), len);

}

/* increase Sn_TX_WR as length of len */

Sn_TX_WR += len;

/* set SEND command */

Sn_CR = SEND;

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

 Check complete sending / Timeout

To transmit the next data, user must check that the prior SEND command is completed. The

larger the data size, the more time to complete the SEND command. Therefore, the user must

properly divide the data to transmit. The ARPTO can occur when user transmits UDP data. If

the ARPTO is occurred, the UDP data transmission will be failed.

First method :

{/* check SEND command completion */

while(Sn_IR(SENDOK)==‘0’) /* wait interrupt of SEND completion */

{/* check ARPTO */

if (Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)==‘1’) Sn_IR(TIMEOUT)=‘1’; goto Next stage;

}

Sn_IR(SENDOK) = ‘1’; /* clear previous interrupt of SEND completion */

}

Second method :

{

If (Sn_CR == 0x00) transmission is completed.

If (Sn_IR(TIMEOUT bit) == ‘1’) goto next stage;

/* In this case, if the interrupt of SOCKET n is activated, interrupt occurs. Refer to

Interrupt Register(IR), Interrupt Mask Register (IMR) and SOCKET n Interrupt Register (Sn_IR).

*/

}

 Check Finished / SOCKET close

If user doesn’t need the communication any more, close the SOCKET n.

{/* clear remained interrupts */

Sn_IR = 0x00FF;

IR(n) = ‘1’;

/* set CLOSE command */

Sn_CR = CLOSE;

}

9.2.2.2 Multicast

The broadcast communication communicates with many and unspecified others. But the

multicast communication communicates with many but specified others who registered at

multicast-group. Suppose that A, B and C are registered at specified multicast-group. If user

transmits data to multicast-group (contains A), the B and C also receive the DATA for A. To use

multicast communication, the destination list registers to multicast-group by using IGMP

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

protocol. The multicast-group consists of ‘Group hardware address’, ‘Group IP address’ and

‘Group port number’. User cannot change the ‘Group hardware address’ and ‘Group IP

address’. But the ‘Group port number’ can be changed to what user wants.

The ‘Group hardware address’ is selected at the assigned range (From “01:00:5e:00:00:00”

to “01:00:5e:7f:ff:ff”) and the ‘Group IP address’ is selected in D-class IP address (From

“224.0.0.0” to “239.255.255.255”, please refer to the website;

Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/multicast-addressesU). When selecting, the upper 23bit of

6bytes ‘Group hardware address’ and the 4bytes ‘Group IP address’ must be the same. For

example, if the user selects the ‘Group IP address’ to “244.1.1.11”, the ‘Group hardware

address’ is selected to “01:00:5e:01:01:0b”. Please refer to the “RFC1112”

(Uhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc.htmlU).

In the W7100A, IGMP processing to register the multicast-group is internally (automatically)

processed. When the user opens the SOCKET n with multicast mode, the “Join” message is

internally transmitted. If the user closes it, the “Leave” message is internally transmitted.

After the SOCKET opens, the “Report” message is periodically and internally transmitted

when the user communicates.

The W7100A support IGMP version 1 and version 2 only. If user wants use an updated version,

the host processes IGMP directly by using the IPRAW mode SOCKET.

 SOCKET Initialization

Choose one SOCKET for multicast communication among 8 SOCKETS of W7100A. Then set the

Sn_DHAR0 to ‘Multicast-group hardware address’ and set the Sn_DIPR0 to ‘Multicast-group IP

address’. Then set the Sn_PORT0 and Sn_DPORT0 to ‘Multicast-group port number’. Then set

the Sn_MR(P3:P0) to UDP and set the Sn_MR(MULTI) to ‘1’. Finally execute OPEN command. If

the state of Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_UDP after the OPEN command, the SOCKET

initialization is completed.

{

START:

/* set Multicast-Group information */

Sn_DHAR0 = 0x01; /* set Multicast-Group H/W address(01:00:5e:01:01:0b) */

Sn_DHAR1 = 0x00;

Sn_DHAR2 = 0x5E;

Sn_DHAR3 = 0x01;

Sn_DHAR4 = 0x01;

Sn_DHAR5 = 0x0B;

Sn_DIPR0 = 211; /* set Multicast-Group IP address(211.1.1.11) */

Sn_DIPR1 = 1;

Sn_DIPR2 = 1;

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Sn_DIRP3 = 11;

Sn_DPORT = 0x0BB8; /* set Multicast-Group Port number(3000) */

Sn_PORT = 0x0BB8; /* set Source Port number(3000) */

Sn_MR = 0x02 | 0x80; /* set UDP mode & Multicast on SOCKET n Mode Register */

Sn_CR = OPEN; /* set OPEN command */

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_UDP */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_UDP) Sn_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 Check received data

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

 Receiving process

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

 Check send data / Sending Process

Since the user sets the information about multicast-group at SOCKET initialization, user does

not need to set IP address and port number for destination any more. Therefore, copy the

transmission data to internal TX memory and executes SEND command.

{/* first, get the free TX memory size */

FREESIZE:

freesize = Sn_TX_FSR;

if (freesize < len) goto FREESIZE; // len is send size

/* calculate offset address */

dst_mask = Sn_TX_WR & gSn_TX_MASK; // dst_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

dst_ptr = gSn_TX_BASE + dst_mask; // dst_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET TX memory */

if ( (dst_mask + len) > (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) )

{/* copy upper_size bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

upper_size = (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) – dst_mask;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), upper_size);

/* update source_addr*/

source_addr += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of source_addr to gSn_TX_BASE */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + gSn_TX_BASE), left_size);

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

else

{/* copy len bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), len);

}

/* increase Sn_TX_WR as length of len */

Sn_TX_WR += send_size;

/* set SEND command */

Sn_CR = SEND;

}

 Check complete sending / Timeout

Since the host manages all protocol process for data communication, the timeout cannot

occur.

{/* check SEND command completion */

while(Sn_IR(SENDOK)==‘0’); /* wait interrupt of SEND completion */

Sn_IR(SENDOK) = ‘1’; /* clear previous interrupt of SEND completion */

}

 Check finished / SOCKET close

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

9.2.3 IPRAW

The IPRAW is data communication using TCP, UDP and IP layers which are the lower protocol

layers. The IPRAW supports IP layer protocol such as ICMP (0x01) and IGMP (0x02) according to

the protocol number. The ‘ping’ of ICMP or IGMP v1/v2 is already included in W7100A by

hardware logic. But if the user needs, the host can directly process the IPRAW by opening the

SOCKET n to IPRAW. In the case of using IPRAW mode, user must set the protocol number field

of the IP header to what the user wants to use. The protocol number is defined by IANA. Refer

to the web (Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbersU). The protocol number

must be configured to Sn_PROTO before ‘SOCKET open’. In the IPRAW mode, the W7100A

does not support TCP (0x06) or UDP (0x11) protocol number. The SOCKET communication of

IPRAW mode only allows the communication of an assigned protocol number. The ICMP

SOCKET cannot receive unassigned protocol data except assigned protocol data such as IGMP.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 9.7 IPRAW Operation Flow

 SOCKET Initialization

Select the SOCKET and set the protocol number. Then set the Sn_MR(P3:P0) to IPRAW mode

and execute ‘OPEN’ command. If the Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_IPRAW after the ‘OPEN’

command, the SOCKET initialization is completed.

{

START:

/* sets Protocol number, the protocol number is used in Protocol Field of IP Header. */

Sn_PROTO = protocol_num;

/* sets IP raw mode */

Sn_MR = 0x03;

/* sets OPEN command */

Sn_CR = OPEN;

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_IPRAW */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_IPRAW) Sn_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 Check received data

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

 Receiving process

Process the IPRAW data which is received in internal RX memory. The structure of received

IPRAW data is as below.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Figure 9.8 The received IPRAW data format

The IPRAW data consists of 6bytes PACKET-INFO and DATA packet. The PACKET-INFO contains

information about the transmitter (IP address) and the length of the DATA-packet. The data

reception of IPRAW is the same as UDP data reception except processing the port number of

the transmitter in UDP PACKET-INFO. Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

If the transmitted DATA size is larger than RX memory free size of SOCKET n, user cannot

receive that DATA and also cannot receive fragmented DATA.

 Check send data / Sending process

The size of DATA which user wants to transmit cannot be larger than Internal TX memory and

default MTU. The transmission of IPRAW data is the same as transmission of UDP data except

setting ‘Destination port number’. Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

 Complete sending / Timeout

Same as UDP, please refer to the section 9.2.2 ‘UDP’.

 Check finished / SOCKET closed

Same as UDP, please refer to the section 9.2.2 ‘UDP’.

9.2.4 MACRAW

The MACRAW communication is based on Ethernet MAC, and it can flexibly use upper layer

protocol to suit the host’s needs.

The MACRAW mode can only be used with a SOCKET. If the user uses the SOCKET in MACRAW

mode, not only can it use the SOCKET1~7 in the ‘Hardwired TCP/IP stack’, but it can also be

used as a NIC (Network Interface Controller). Therefore, any SOCKET1~7 can be used with

‘Software TCP/IP stack’. Since the W7100A supports ‘Hardwired TCP/IP stack’ and ‘Software

TCP/IP stack’, it calls ‘Hybrid TCP/IP stack’. If user wants more SOCKETs beyond the

supported 8 SOCKETS, the SOCKET in which the user wants high performance should be

utilizing the ‘‘Hardwired TCP/IP stack’, and the others should be using ‘Software TCP/IP

stack’ by MACRAW mode. So it overcomes the limited capacity of 8 SOCKETS. The SOCKET of

MACRAW mode can process all protocols except using in SOCKET1~7. Since the MACRAW

communication is pure Ethernet packet communication (there is no other processing), the

MACRAW designer should use the ‘Software TCP/IP stack’ to process the protocol. The

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

MACRAW data should basically contain the 6bytes of ‘Source hardware address’, 6bytes of

‘destination hardware address’ and 2bytes of ‘Ethernet type’ because it is based on Ethernet

MAC.

Figure 9.9 MACRAW Operation Flow

 SOCKET Initialization

Select the SOCKET and set the SN_MR(P3:P0) to MACRAW mode. Then execute the ‘OPEN’

command. After the ‘OPEN’ command, if the Sn_SR is successfully changed to

‘SOCK_MACRAW’, the SOCKET initialization is completed. Since all information about

communication (Source hardware address, Source IP address, Source port number, Destination

hardware address, Destination IP address, Destination port number, Protocol header, etc.) is

in the ‘MACRAW data’, there is no more register setting.

{

START:

/* sets MAC raw mode */

S0_MR = 0x04;

/* sets OPEN command */

S0_CR = OPEN;

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_MACRAW */

if (S0_SR != SOCK_MACRAW) S0_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

 Check received data

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

 Receiving process

Process the MACRAW data of the SOCKET which received it in internal RX memory. The

structure of the MACRAW data is as below:

Figure 9.10 The received MACRAW data format

The MACRAW data consists of ‘PACKET-INFO’, ‘DATA packet’ and 4bytes CRC. The ‘PACKET-

INFO’ is the length of the DATA packet. The ‘DATA packet’ consists of 6bytes ‘Destination MAC

address’, 6bytes ‘Source MAC address’ and 2bytes ‘Type’, 46~1500 bytes ‘Payload’. The

‘Payload’ of DATA packet consists of Internet protocol such as ARP, IP according to the ‘Type’.

The details of ‘Type’ please refer to the web:

(Uhttp://www.iana.org/assignments/ethernet-numbersU)

{ /* calculate offset address */

src_mask = S0_RX_RD & gS0_RX_MASK; // src_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

src_ptr = gS0_RX_BASE + src_mask; // src_ptr is physical start address

/* get the size of packet */

len = get_Byte_sizeof_DATA_packet(); // Read the 2bytes PACKET-INFO

/* if overflow SOCKET RX memory */

If((src_mask + len) > (gS0_RX_MASK + 1))

{ /* copy upper_size bytes of get_start_address to destination_address */

upper_size = (gS0_RX_MASK + 1) – src_mask;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), upper_size);

/* update destination_address */

destination_address += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of gSn_RX_BASE to destination_address */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), left_size);

}

else

{ /* copy len bytes of src_ptr to destination_address */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), len);

}

/* increase Sn_RX_RD as length of len */

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

S0_RX_RD += len;

/* extract 4 bytes CRC from internal RX memory and then ignore it */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + dummy), len);

/* set RECV command */

S0_CR = RECV;

}

If the free size of the internal RX memory is smaller than the MACRAW data, a problem may

occasionally occur where some parts of that PACKET-INFO and DATA packet are stored to the

internal RX memory. Since the problem occurs as an analysis error for PACKET-INFO, it cannot

process the MACRAW data correctly. The closer the internal RX memory is to being full, the

higher the probability is for an error to occur. This problem can be resolved if user allows

some loss of the MACRAW data.

The solution is as follows:

▪ Process the internal RX memory as fast as possible to prevent that it closes to full.

▪ Reduce the receiving load by reception only its MACRAW data by setting the MF (MAC Filter)

bit of S0_MR in sample code of SOCKET initialization.

{

START:

/* sets MAC raw mode with enabling MAC filter */

S0_MR = 0x44;

/* sets OPEN command */

S0_CR = OPEN;

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_MACRAW */

if (Sn_SR != SOCK_MACRAW) S0_CR = CLOSE; goto START;

}

▪ If the free size of the internal RX memory is smaller than ‘1528 - Default

MTU(1514)+PACKET-INFO(2) + DATA packet(8) + CRC(4)’, close the SOCKET and process all

received data. Then reopen the SOCKET. After closing the SOCKET, the received MACRAW

data from closing time can be lost.

{/* check the free size of internal RX memory */

if((S0_RXMEM_SIZE(0) * 1024) – S0_RX_RSR(0) < 1528)

{

received_size = S0_RX_RSR(0); /* backup Sn_RX_RSR */

S0_CR = CLOSE; /* SOCKET Closed */

while(S0_SR != SOCK_CLOSED); /* wait until SOCKET is closed */

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

/* process all data remained in internal RX memory */

while(recved_size > 0)

{/* calculate offset address */

src_mask = S0_RX_RD & gS0_RX_MASK; // src_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

src_ptr = gS0_RX_BASE + src_mask; // src_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET RX memory */

If((src_mask + len) > (gS0_RX_MASK + 1))

{/* copy upper_size bytes of get_start_address to destination_address */

upper_size = (gS0_RX_MASK + 1) – src_mask;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), upper_size);

/* update destination_address */

destination_address += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of gSn_RX_BASE to destination_address */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), left_size);

}

else

{ /* copy len bytes of src_ptr to destination_address */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + destination_address), len);

}

/* increase Sn_RX_RD as length of len */

S0_RX_RD += len;

/* extract 4 bytes CRC from internal RX memory and then ignore it */

wizmemcpy((0xFE0000 + src_ptr), (0x000000 + dummy), len);

/* calculate the size of remained data in internal RX memory*/

recved_size = recved_size – 2 – len – 4;

}

/* Reopen the SOCKET */

/* sets MAC raw mode with enabling MAC filter */

S0_MR = 0x44; /* or S0_MR = 0x04 */

/* sets OPEN command */

S0_CR = OPEN;

/* wait until Sn_SR is changed to SOCK_MACRAW */

while (S0_SR != SOCK_MACRAW);

}

else /* process normally the DATA packet from internal RX memory */

{/* This block is same as the code of “Receiving process” stage*/

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

}

 Check send data / Sending process

The size of the data which the user wants to transmit cannot be larger than the internal TX

memory and default MTU. The host generates the MACRAW data in the same format as the

“Receiving process” data packet, and transmits it. At this time, if the size of the generated

data is smaller than 60bytes, the transmitted Ethernet packet internally fills to 60bytes by

“Zero padding” and then it is transmitted.

{/* first, get the free TX memory size */

FREESIZE:

freesize = S0_TX_FSR;

if (freesize < send_size) goto FREESIZE;

/* calculate offset address */

dst_mask = Sn_TX_WR & gSn_TX_MASK; // dst_mask is offset address

/* calculate start address(physical address) */

dst_ptr = gSn_TX_BASE + dst_mask; // dst_ptr is physical start address

/* if overflow SOCKET TX memory */

if ( (dst_mask + len) > (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) )

{/* copy upper_size bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

upper_size = (gSn_TX_MASK + 1) – dst_mask;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), upper_size);

/* update source_addr*/

source_addr += upper_size;

/* copy left_size bytes of source_addr to gSn_TX_BASE */

left_size = len – upper_size;

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + gS0_TX_BASE), left_size);

}

else

{/* copy len bytes of source_addr to dst_ptr */

wizmemcpy((0x000000 + source_addr), (0xFE0000 + dst_ptr), len);

}

/* increase Sn_TX_WR as length of len */

S0_TX_WR += send_size;

/* set SEND command */

S0_CR = SEND;

}

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

 Check complete sending

Since the host manages all protocol processors to communicate, the timeout can not be

occurred.

{/* check SEND command completion */

while(S0_IR(SENDOK)==‘0’); /* wait interrupt of SEND completion */

S0_IR(SENDOK) = ‘1’; /* clear previous interrupt of SEND completion */

}

 Check finished / SOCKET close

Refer to the section 9.2.2.1 ‘Unicast & Broadcast’.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

10 Electrical Specification

10.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit

VDD DC supply voltage -0.5 to 3.6 V

VIN DC input voltage -0.5 to 5.5 (5V tolerant) V

VOUT DC output voltage 0 to 3.3 (GPIO) V

-0.5 to 3.6 (Others)

IIN DC input current 5 mA

IOUT DC output current 2 to 8 mA

TOP Operating temperature -40 to 80 C

TSTG Storage temperature -55 to 125 C

*COMMENT: Stressing the device beyond the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause

permanent damage.

10.2 DC Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min

Typ Max Unit

VDD DC Supply voltage Junction

temperature is from

-55°C to 125°C

3.0 3.3 3.6 V

VIH High level input voltage 2.0 5.5 V

VIL Low level input voltage - 0.5

0.8 V

VOH High level output voltage IOH = 2 ~ 16 mA 2.4 V

VOL Low level output voltage IOL = -2 ~ -12 mA 0.4 V

II Input Current VIN = VDD

5 A

IO Output Current VOUT = VDD 2 8 mA

10.3 Power consumption(Driving voltage 3.3V)

Symbol Parameter Test Condition Max Unit

IBoot Current consumption Booting 250 mA

IIdle Current consumption Idle state 220 mA

IActive Current consumption Whole 8 SOCKETs running 220 mA

IPower-down Current consumption Power-down mode 108 mA

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

10.4 AC Characteristics

Reset Timing

Description Min Max

1 Reset Cycle Time 2 us -

2 PLL Lock-in Time 50 us 10 ms

External memory access timing

Description Min Max

tALE ALE signal duration = ALECON register value + 1

clock (clock speed = 88.4736MHz) 1 clock 256 clock

Taccess External memory access period = 3us + EXTWTST

register value 3 us 744us

10.5 Crystal Characteristics

Parameter Range

Frequency 25 MHz

Frequency Tolerance (at 25℃) ±30 ppm

Shunt Capacitance 7pF Max

Drive Level 1 ~ 500uW (100uW typical)

Load Capacitance 18pF

Aging (at 25℃) ±3ppm / year Max

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

10.6 Transformer Characteristics

Parameter Transm it End Receive End

Turn Ratio 1:1 1:1

Inductance 350 uH 350 uH

In the case of using the internal PHY mode, be sure to use symmetric transformer in order to

support Auto MDI/MDIX (Crossover).

In the case of using the External PHY mode, use the transformer which is suitable for external

PHY specification.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

11 IR Reflow Temperature Profile (Lead-Free)

Moisture Sensitivity Level: 3

Dry Pack Required: Yes

Average RAMp-Up Rate

(Tsmax to Tp)

3° C/second max.

Preheat

– Temperature Min (Tsmin)

– Temperature Max (Tsmax)

– Time (tsmin to tsmax)

150 °C

200 °C

60-180 seconds

Time maintained above:

– Temperature (TL)

– Time (tL)

217 °C

60-150 seconds

Peak/Classification Temperature (Tp) 260 + 0 °C

Time within 5 °C of actual Peak Temperature (tp) 20-40 seconds

RAMp-Down Rate 6 °C/second max.

Time 25 °C to Peak Temperature 8 minutes max.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

12 Package Descriptions

12.1 Package type: LQFP 100

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

SYMBOL MILLIMETER INCH

MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX.

A - - 1.60 - - 0.063

A1 0.05 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.006

A2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057

b 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.007 0.009 0.011

b1 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.007 0.008 0.009

c 0.09 - 0.20 0.004 - 0.008

c1 0.09 - 0.16 0.004 - 0.006

D 15.85 16.00 16.15 0.624 0.630 0.636

D1 13.90 14.00 14.10 0.547 0.551 0.555

E 15.85 16.00 16.15 0.624 0.630 0.636

E1 13.90 14.00 14.10 0.547 0.551 0.555

e 0.50 BSC 0.020 BSC

L 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030

L1 1.00 REF 0.039 REF

R1 0.08 - - 0.003 - -

R2 0.08 - 0.20 0.003 - 0.008

S 0.20 - - 0.008 - -

θ 0° 3.5° 7° 0° 3.5° 7°

θ1 0° - - 0° - -

θ2 12° TYP 12° TYP

θ3 12° TYP 12° TYP

Note :

① To be determined at seating plane – C -.

② Dimensions ‘D1’ and ‘E1’ do not include mold protrusion. D1’ and ‘E1’ are maximum

plastic body size dimensions including mold mismatch.

③ Dimension ‘b’ does not include dambar protrusion. Dambar cannot be located on the

lower radius or the foot.

④ Exact shape of each corner is optional

⑤ These Dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10mm and 0.25mm

from the lead tip.

⑥ A1 is defined as the distance from the seating plane to the lowest point of the

package body.

⑦ Controlling dimension : Millimeter

⑧ Reference Document : JEDEC MS-026 , BED.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

12.2 Package type: QFN 64

* CONTROLLING DIMENSION: mm

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

SYMBOL MILLIMETER INCH

MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX.

A - - 0.90 - - 0.035

A1 - - 0.05 - - 0.002

A2 - 0.65 0.70 - 0.026 0.028

A3 0.200 REF. 0.008 REF.

b 0.18 0.25 0.30 0.007 0.010 0.012

D 15.85 16.00 16.15 0.624 0.630 0.636

D 9.00 bsc 0.354 bsc

D2 5.90 6.00 6.10 0.232 0.236 0.240

E 9.00 bsc 0.354 bsc

E2 5.90 6.00 6.10 0.232 0.236 0.240

L 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.014 0.016 0.018

e 0.50 bsc 0.020 bsc

R 0.09 - - 0.004 - -

TOLERANCES OF FORM AND POSITION

aaa 0.10 0.004

bbb 0.10 0.004

ccc 0.05 0.002

Note:

① All dimensions are in millimeters.

② Die thickness allowable is 0.305mm maximum (0.012 inches maximum).

③ Dimensioning & tolerances conform to ASME Y14.5M. -1994.

④ The pin #1 identifier must be placed on the top surface of the package by using

indentation mark of other feature of package body.

⑤ Exact shape and size of this feature is optional.

⑥ Package WARPAGE max 0.08mm.

⑦ Applied for exposed pad and terminals, exclude embedding part of exposed pad from

measuring.

⑧ Applied to terminals.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

13 Appendix:Performance Improvement about W7100A

This section presents the benefits gained about calculation by using W7100A over standard

8051 family.

13.1 Summary

The 8-bit operation cycles of the 80C51 and W7100A with addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division are as below. It is briefly shows its performance. The W7100A with

‘wizmemcpy’ (supported by WIZnet) function is almost 9 times faster than the 80C51.

80C51 cycle W7100A cycle / with

user code

W7100A cycle / with

wizmemcpy

ADD 36 12 4

SUB 36 12 4

MUL 96 12 6

DIV 96 20 10

In the succeeded section shows more detail performance.

13.2 8–Bit Arithmetic Functions

13.2.1 Addition

 Immediate data

The following code performs immediate data (constant) addition to an 8-bit register.

RX = RX + #n

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, #n 24h 2 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

Note. ‘wizmemcpy’ function are built-in inside Boot ROM in W7100A. Refer to the ‘Driver

Guide.’

 Direct addressing

The following code performs direct addressing addition to an 8-bit register.

Rx = Rx + (dir)

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, dir 25h 2 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

 Indirect addressing

The following code performs indirect addressing addition to an 8-bit register.

Rx = Rx + (@Rx)

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, @Rx 26h – 27h 1 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

 Register addressing

The following code performs an 8-bit register to register addition.

Rx = Rx + Ry

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, Ry 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 3 12

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

13.2.2 Subtraction

 Immediate data

The following code performs immediate data (constant) subtraction from an 8-bit register.

Rx = Rx - #n

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, #n 24h 2 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

 Direct addressing

The following code performs direct addressing subtraction from an 8-bit register.

Rx = Rx – (dir)

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, dir 25h 2 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

 Indirect addressing subtraction

The following code performs indirect addressing subtraction from an 8-bit register.

Rx = Rx – (@Ry)

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, @Ry 26h – 27h 1 12 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 4 12

 Register addressing subtraction

The following code performs an 8-bit register from register subtraction.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Rx = Rx - Ry

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Ry 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 36 3 12

13.2.3 Multiplication

The following code performs the 8-bit register multiplication.

Rx = Rx * Ry

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, Ry 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 96 6 12

13.2.4 Division

The following code performs the 8-bit register division.

Rx = Rx / Ry

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rx E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, Ry 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

DIV AB 84h 1 48 6 8

MOV Rx, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 96 10 20

13.3 16-Bit Arithmetic Functions

13.3.1 Addition

The following code performs 16-bit addition. The first operand and result are located in

registers pair RaRb. The second operand is located in registers pair RxRy.

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

RaRb = RaRb + RxRy

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rb E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, Ry 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rb, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Ra E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, Rx 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Ra, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 72 6 24

13.3.2 Subtraction

The following code performs 16-bit subtraction. The first operand and result are located in

registers pair RaRb. The second operand is located in registers pair RxRy.

RaRb = RaRb – RxRy

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

CLR C C3h 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Rb E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Ry 98h – 9Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rb, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Ra E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Rx 98h – 9Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Ra, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 84 7 28

13.3.3 Multiplication

The following code performs 16-bit multiplication. The first operand and result are located

in registers pair RaRb. The second operand is located in registers pair RxRy.

RaRb = RaRb * RxRy

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rb E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

MOV B, Ry 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

MOV Rz, B A8h – AFh 2 24 3 4

XCH A, Rb C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

MOV B, Rx 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, Rz 28h - 2Fh 1 12 1 4

XCH A, Ra C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

MOV B, Ry 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, Ra 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Ra, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 312 23 52

13.4 32-bit Arithmetic Functions

13.4.1 Addition

The following code performs 32-bit addition. The first operand and result are located in four

registers RaRbRcRd. The second operand is located in four registers RvRxRyRz.

RaRbRcRd = RaRbRcRd + RvRxRyRz

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, Rd E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, Rz 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rd, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Rc E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, Ry 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rc, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Rb E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, Rx 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rb, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Ra E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, Rv 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Ra, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 144 12 48

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

13.4.2 Subtraction

The following code performs 32-bit subtraction. The first operand and result are located in

four registers RaRbRcRd. The second operand is located in four registers RvRxRyRz.

RaRbRcRd = RaRbRcRd – RvRxRyRz

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

CLR C C3h 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Rd E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Rz 98h – 9Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rd, A F8h – FFh 1 12 2 4

MOV A, Rc E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Ry 98h – 9Fh 1 12 2 4

MOV Rc, A F8h – FFh 1 12 2 4

MOV A, Rb E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Rx 98h – 9Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Rb, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, Ra E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

SUBB A, Rv 98h – 9Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV Ra, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 156 13 52

13.4.3 Multiplication

The following code performs 32-bit multiplication. The first operand and result are located

in four registers RaRbRcRd. The second operand is located in four registers RvRxRyRz.

RaRbRcRd = RaRbRcRd * RvRxRyRz

Mnemonic Opcode Byte 80C51 Cycle

W7100A Cycle

ISP /

wizmemcpy

FLASH /

user code

MOV A, R0 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R7 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

XCH A, R4 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

MOV B, R3 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R4 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

MOV A, R1 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R6 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R4 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R2 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MOV A, R5 E8h – EFh 1 12 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R4 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, R2 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R6 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

XCH A, R5 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

MOV R0, B A8h – AFh 2 24 3 4

MOV B, R3 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R5 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

XCH A, R4 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

ADDC A, R0 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

ADD A, B 25h 2 12 2 4

MOV R5, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, R1 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R7 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R4 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

XCH A, R5 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

ADDC A, B 35h 2 12 2 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV A, R3 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R6 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

MOV R6, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

MOV R1, B A8h – AFh 2 24 3 4

MOV A, R3 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MOV B, R7 88h – 8Fh 2 24 2 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

XCH A, R7 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

XCH A, B C5h 2 12 3 4

ADD A, R6 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

XCH A, R5 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

ADDC A, R1 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R6, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

CLR A E4h 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, R4 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFH 1 12 1 4

MOV A, R2 E8h – EFh 1 12 1 4

MUL AB A4h 1 48 2 4

ADD A, R5 28h – 2Fh 1 12 1 4

XCH A, R6 C8h – CFh 1 12 2 4

ADDC A, B 38h – 3Fh 2 12 2 4

MOV R5, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

CLR A E4h 1 12 1 4

ADDC A, R4 38h – 3Fh 1 12 1 4

MOV R4, A F8h – FFh 1 12 1 4

Sum : 1248 99 252

Internet Embedded MCU W7100A Datasheet

Document History Information

Version Date Descriptions

Ver.0.9 βeta Sep. 2009 Release with W7100A launching

Ver.0.9.2 Dec. 2009 Delete about “How to program FLASH memory in W7100”

document

Section 2.4.7, “APP Entry RD/WR Enable” => “APP

Entry(0xFFF7 ~ 0xFFFF) RD/WR Enable”

Section 3 I/O Ports, Delete about tri-state signals in I/O pins

Ver.0.9.3 Feb. 2010 Modify the XTLP0 and XTLP1 explaination

Ver.0.9.4 Apr. 2010 Modify the Sn_IMR initial value 0x00 => 0xFF

Add the INTLEVEL register to TCPIPCore common register

Ver.0.9.5 May. 2010 Delete about PPPoE protocol cause of errata

Ver.0.9.6 Jan. 2011 Add new SFR definition, modify the GPIO in/out voltage,

delete the UIPR and UPORT register for W7100A

Ver.1.0 Mar. 2011 Remove information about external memory accessing

Added 64pin number information to “Pin Description” section

Ver.1.1 May. 2011 Define voltage of OSC (clock source) input, modify the

Package description of QFN 64

Ver.1.11 May. 2011 Modify the Pin Layout(nWR, nRD) and Add the External

Memory Interface to Pin Description

Add the Description details of GPIO Pin Description

Ver.1.12 May. 2011 Correct the GPIO pull-up, pull-down resistor value

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