PICDEM.net Development Tool Manual - Microchip Technology

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A

PICDEM.netTM

USER’S GUIDE

DS39563A - page ii  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

Incorporated, USA. Information contained in this publication

regarding device applications and the like is i ntended t hrough

suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. No rep-

resentation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by

Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect t o the accu-

racy or use of s uch information, or infringement of patents or

other intellectual property rights arising from s uch us e or oth-

erwise. Use of M icrochip’s products as c ritical components in

life support systems is not authorized except with express

written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed,

implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights.

The Microchip logo and name are registered trademarks of

Microchip Technology Inc. in the U.S.A. and ot her countries.

the property of their respective companies. No licenses are

conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual prop-

erty rights.”

Trademarks

The Microchip name, logo, PIC, PICmicro, PICMASTER, PIC-

START, PRO MATE, KEELOQ, SEEVAL, MPLAB and The

Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trade-

marks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and

other countries.

Total Endurance, I CSP, In-Circuit S erial Programming, Filter-

Lab, MXDEV, microID, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, MPASM,

MPLINK, MPLIB, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, ICEPIC, Migratable

Memory, FanSense, ECONOMONITOR, Select Mode and

microPort are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorpo-

rated in the U.S.A.

Serialized Quick Term Programming (SQTP) is a service mark

of Microchip Technology Incorpora ted in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their

respective companies.

Microchip received QS-9000 quality system

certification for its worldwide headquarters,

design and wafer fabrication facilities in

Chandler and T empe, Arizona in July 1999. The

Company’s quality system processes and

procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its

PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ® code ho pp in g

devices, Serial EEPROMs and microperipheral

products. In addition, Microchip’s quality

system for the design and manufacture of

development systems is ISO 9001 certified.

Iosoft S peci al Software License Agre ement

owned by Iosoft, and is only licensed for distribution with the book 'TCP/IP Lean' and the PICDEM.net board, and may only be used

for personal experimentation by the purchaser of that book or the PICDEM.net kit, on condition that this copyright notice is retained.

Any use in violation of the foregoing restrictions may subject the user to criminal sanctions under applicable laws, as well as to civil

liability for the breach of the terms and conditions of this license. For commercial licensing, contact license@iosoft.co.uk

THIS IS EXPERIMENTAL SOFTWARE, PROVIDED IN AN “AS IS” CONDITION. NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS,

IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FIT-

NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE APPLY TO THIS SOFTWARE. IOSOFT SHALL NOT, IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, BE

LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, FOR ANY REASON WHATSOEVER.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page iii
PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
General I nformation
Introduction................................................................................................ 1
Highlights................................................................................................... 1
About This Guide....................................................................................... 1
Warranty Registration................................................................................ 3
Recommended Reading............................................................................ 3
Troubleshooting .........................................................................................4
The Microchip Internet Web Site............................................................... 4
Development Systems Customer Notification Service.............................. 5
Customer Suppo rt.............. .............. ..... .............. ..... .............. .... .............. . 6
Chapter 1.   Introduction to the PICDEM.net Board
1.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 7
1.2 Highlights........................................................................................ 7
1.3 The Demonstration Kit: What’s In The Box..................................... 7
1.4 The PICDEM.net Demonstration Board.......................................... 8
1.5 The Developmen t Manual.. .... ..... ..... .............. .... ..... .............. ..... ... 10
1.6 The Internet Solutions CD ............................................................ 10
Chapter 2.   Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board
2.1 Highlights............. .... ..... ..... .............. .... .............. ..... .............. ..... ... 11
2.2 Limitations on Networking............................................................. 11
2.3 Host Computer Requirements...................................................... 12
2.4 Setting Up the Test System.......................................................... 12
2.5 Establishing Communications....................................................... 18
Chapter 3.   Exploring The ChipWebTM Page
3.1 Highlights.......................................................................................21
3.2 Structure of the Page.................................................................... 21

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide
DS39563A-page iv  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
Chapter 4.   Reconfiguring and Restoring the Firmware 
4.1 Highlights ...................................................................................... 23
4.2 Reconfiguring the PICDEM.net Hardware .................................... 23
4.3 Reconfiguring the PICDEM.net Firmware..................................... 23
4.4 Clearing the Controller Firmware.......... .... ..... ..... .... .............. ..... ... 26
Chapter 5.   ChipWeb, the Miniature Ethernet Server 
5.1 Overview....................................................................................... 27
5.2 Hardware....................................................................................... 27
5.3 Ethernet Driver........................ .... .............. ..... .............. ..... .... ........ 34
5.4 LCD Driver ................ .... ..... .............. ..... .............. .... .............. ..... ... 41
5.5 Other Drivers................................................................................. 43
5.6 Protocols....................................................................................... 44
5.7 User Interface................................................................................ 54
5.8 Configuration................................................................................. 58
5.9 Source Code................................................................................. 63
Chapter 6.   Troubleshooting 
6.1 Highlights ...................................................................................... 65
6.2 Common Issues............................................................................ 65
Appendix A.   PICDEM.net Board Schematics
A.1 PICDEM.net Board Schematics.................................................... 69
Appendix B.   PICDEM.net Internet Solutions CD
B.1 Highlights ...................................................................................... 71
B.2 What’s on the CD.......................................................................... 71
Index......................................................................................................... 73
Worldwide S al e s a nd Se rvice . .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .. ........ .. .. .. 76

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 1

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

General Information

Introduction

This chapter contains general information about this manual and contacting

customer support.

Highlights

Topics covered in this chapter:

•About this Guide

•Recommended Reading

•W arranty Registration

•Troubleshooting

•The Microchip Internet Web Site

•Development Systems Customer Notification Service

•Customer Support

About This Guide

Document Layout

This document describes how to use PICDEM.net as an evaluat ion tool for

embedded connectivity solutions using PICmicro® devices. The manual

layout is as follows:

•Chapter 1: Introduction to the PICDEM.net Board – What

PICDEM.net is, and what features are available on the board.

•Chapter 2: Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board – Describes

how to connect and begin to use the PICDEM.net board.

•Chapter 3: Exploring The ChipW ebTM Page – Describes the demon-

stration Web page provided with the PICDEM.net firmwar e.

•Chapter 4: Reconfiguring and Restoring the Firmware – Provides

instructions on loading a Web page into the on-board EEPROM, and

reconfiguring the network settings.

•Chapter 5: ChipWeb, the Miniature Ethernet Server – Provid es an

introduction to EthernetTM communications and TCP/IP, and an over-

view of how the custom TCP/IP stack firmware is implemented.

•Chapter 6: Troubleshooting – Provides information on solving

common problems.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 2  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

•Appendix A: PICDEM.net Board Schematics – Provides schematic

diagrams of the PICDEM.net board.

•Appendix B: PICDEM.net Internet Solutions CD – Provides a sum-

mary of the software solutions on the accompanying CD-ROM.

•Worldwide Sales an d Service – Lists Microchip Sales and Service

locations and telephone numbers, worldwide.

Conventions Used in this Guide

This manual us es the fol lowi ng docum entatio n conventions:

Documentation Conventions

Description Represents Examples

Code (Courier font):

Plain characters Sample code

Filenames and paths #define START

c:\autoexec.bat

Angl e br ack ets: < > Variables <label>, <exp>

Square br ackets [ ] Optiona l arguments MPASMWIN

[main.asm]

Curly brackets and

pipe character: { | } Choice of mutually exclusive

arguments

An OR selection

errorlevel {0|1}

Lower case charac-

ters in quotes Type of data “filename”

Ellipses... Used to imply (but not show)

additional text that is not

relevant to the example

list

[“list_option...

, “list_option”]

0xnnn A hexadecimal number where

n is a hexadecimal digit 0xFFFF, 0x007A

Italic characters A variable argument; it can be

either a type of data (in lower

case characters), or a specific

example (in uppercase

characters)

char isascii

(char ch);

Interface (Arial font):

Underlined, italic

text with right arrow A menu selection from the

menu bar File > Sa ve

Bold ch arac ters A window or dialo g button to

click OK, Cancel

Char acters in angle

bracke ts < > A key on the keyboard <Tab>, <Ctrl-C>

Documents (Arial font):

Italic characters Referenced books MPLAB ® IDE User’s

Guide

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 3

General Information

Documentation Updates

All documentation becomes dated, and this user’s guide is no excepti on.

Since MPLAB IDE, MPLAB C1X and other Microchip tools are constantly

evolving to meet customer needs, some actual dialogs and/or tool

descriptions may differ from those in this document. Please refer to our web

site to obtain the latest documentation available.

Documentat ion Numbering Conve ntions

Documents are number ed with a “DS” number. The number is located on the

bottom of each page, in front of the page number. The numbering convention

for the DS Number is: DSXXXXXA,

where:

Warranty Registration

Please complete the enclosed Warranty Registration Card and mail it

promptly. Sending in your Warranty Registration Card entitles you to receive

new product updates. Interim software releases are available at the Microchip

web site.

Recom mended Re ading

This user’s guide describ es how to use the PICDEM. net Ethernet/I nterne t

Demonstration Kit. The data sheets contain current information on

programming the specific microcontroller devices.

MPLAB® IDE, Simulator, Editor User’s Guide (DS5102 5)

Comprehensive guide that describes installation and features of Microchip’s

MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE), as well as the editor and

simulator functions in the MPLAB environment.

MPASM™ User’s Guide with MPLINK™ and MPLIB™ (DS33014)

Describes how to use Microchip Universal PICmicro Microcontroller

Assembler (MPASM), Linker (MPLINK), and Librarian (MPLIB).

Technical Library CD-ROM (DS00161)

This CD-ROM contains comprehensive data sheets for Microchip PICmicro®

MCU devices available at the time of print. To obtain this disk, contact the

nearest Microchip Sales and Service location (see back page), or

download individual data sheet files from the Microchip web site

(http://www.microchip.com).

XXXXX = The document number.

A = The revi sion level of the docum ent.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 4  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

Embedded Control Handbook (DS00711)

This handbook consists of several documents that contain a wealth of

information about microcontroller applications. To obtain these documents,

contact the nearest Microchip Sales and Service location (see back page).

The application notes described in these manuals are also obtainable from

Microchip Sales and Service locations, or from the Microchip web site

(http://www.microchip.com).

PICmicro Mid-Range MCU Family Reference Manual (DS33023) and

PICmicro 18C MCU Family Reference Manual (DS39500)

These manuals explain the general details and operation of the mid-range

and advanced MCU family architecture and peripheral modules. They are

designed to complement the device data sheets.

Microsoft® Windows® Manuals

This manual assumes that users are familiar with Microsoft Windows

operating system. Many excellent references exist for this software program,

and should be consulted for general operation of Windows.

Troubleshooting

See Chapter 6 for information on common problems.

The Microchip Internet Web Site

Microchip provides online support on the Microchip World Wide Web (WWW)

site.

The web site is used by Microchip as a means to make files and information

easily available to customers. To view the site, the user must have access to

the Internet and a web browser, such as Netscape® Communicator or

Microsoft® Internet Explorer®. Files are also available for FTP download from

our FTP site.

Connecting to the Microchip Internet Website

The Microchip web site is available by using your favorite Internet browser

to attach to:

http://www.microchip.com

The file transfer site is available by using an FTP program/client to connect to:

ftp://ftp.microchip.com

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 5

General Information

The web site and file transfer site provide a variety of services. Users may

download files for the latest Development Tools, Data Sheets, Application

Notes, User’s Guides, Articles, and Sample Programs. A variety of Microchip

specific business information is also available, including listings of Microchip

sales offices, distributors and factory representatives. Other data available for

consideration is:

•Latest Microchip Press Releases

•Technical Support Section with Frequently Asked Questions

•Design Tips

•Device Errata

•Job Postings

•Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing

•Links to other useful web sites related to Microchip Products

•Conferences for products, Development Systems, technical information

and more

•Listing of seminars and events

Development Systems Customer Notification Service

Microchip started the customer notification service to help our customers

keep current on Microchip products with the least amount of effort. Once you

subscribe, you will receive email notification whenever we change, update,

revise or have errata related to your specified product family, or development

tool of interest.

Go to the Microchip WWW web page (http://www .microchip.com) and click on

Customer Change Notification under Items of Interest. Follow the instructions

to register.

The Development Systems product group categories are:

•Compilers

•Emulators

•In-Circuit Debuggers

•MPLAB IDE

•Programmers

Here is a description of these categories:

Compilers - The latest information on Microchip C compilers, linkers and

assemblers. These include MPLAB C17 C compiler, MPLAB C18 C compiler,

MPLINK Object Linker (as well as the MPLIB Object Librarian) and MPASM

Assembler.

Emulators - The latest information on Microchip in-circuit emulators. These

include the MPLAB ICE 2000 and PICMASTER® Emulator.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 6  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

In-Circuit Debuggers - The latest information on Microchip in-circuit

debuggers. This includes the MPLAB ICD.

MPLAB - The latest information on Microchip MPLAB IDE, the Windows

Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools. This list

is focused on the MPLAB IDE, MPLAB SIM simulator, MPLAB IDE Project

Manager and general editing and debugging features.

Programmers - The latest information on Microchip PICmicro device

programmers. These include the PRO MATE® II device programmer and

PICSTART® Plus development programmer.

Customer Support

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several

channels:

•Distributor or Representative

•Local Sales Office

•Field Application Engineer (FAE)

•Corporate Applications Engineer (CAE)

•Hotline

Customers should call their distributor, representative, or field application

engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help

customers. See the back cover for a listing of sales offices and locations.

Corporate applications engineers (CAEs) may be contacted at

(480) 792-7627.

In addition, there is a Systems Information and Upgrade Line. This line

provides system users a listing of the latest versions of all of Microchip's

development systems software products. Plus, this line provides information

on how customers can receive any currently available upgrade kits.

The Hotline Numbers are:

1-800-755-2345 for U.S. and most of Canada, and

1-480-792-7302 for the rest of the world.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 7

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 1. Introduction to the PICDEM.net Board

1.1 Intr oduction

The PICDEM.net Demonstration Board Kit has been created to allow

developers to examine the possibilities of embedded connectivity solutions for

Ethernet and Internet. Using the custom-developed Iosoft TCP/IP stack,

developers can experiment with the simple Web page-based server. Users

can explore even more possibilities with the solutions offered by other

vendors.

1.2 Highlights

This chapter covers the following:

•PICDEM.net Demonstration Kit contents

•PICDEM.net Demonstration Board features

•The Development Manual

•The Internet Solutions CD

1.3 The Demonstration Kit: What’s In The Box

Your Demonstration Kit contains the following items:

1. The PICDEM.net Embedded Internet/Ethernet Demonstration Board

2. A universal power supply (110-230 VAC input, 9 VDC output) for the

Demonstration Board

3. A serial cable (DB9, M/F connectors) for use in programming the board

4. A CAT5 “crossover” network cable (RJ45 connectors) for networking the

board

5. T he m anual “TCP/I P Lean: Web Servers for Emb edded Sys tems”, with

accompanying software on CD-ROM

6. The “PICDEM .net Inte rnet Sol utions ” CD-ROM, which c ontains various

connectivity solutions provided by Microchip’s partners

7. This manual

8. A Warranty Registratio n card

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 8  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

1.4 The PICDEM.net Demonstration Board

The PICDEM.net board has all the features to begin developing Internet

connectivity applications over an Ethernet connection. The pre-programmed

firmware allows users to begin investigating and developing applications right

out of the box, with no additional programming or configuration. All that is

required to begin exploring the board is a PC-compatible computer with an

Ethernet card and Internet browser software. (See the “Getting Started”

chapter for more specific information.)

Figure 1.1: PICDEM.net Board

Features on the PICDEM.net board include:

1. MICR OCONTROLLER SOCKET: A 40-pin DIP socket (600 mil) is pro-

vided for the u ser ’s choi ce of M icroc hip PI Cmicro m icr ocontrol lers. T he

board i s equip ped fr om th e fac tory wi th a P IC16F 877 m id-rang e micr o-

controller, clocked at 19.6608 MHz and pre-programmed with custom

TCP/IP stack firmware.

The board also supports other Microchip pin-compatible controllers,

such as the PIC18C452 and PIC18F452.

2. MEMORY: A Microchip 24LC256 serial EEPROM provides 256 Kbit

(32 Kbyte) of storage for Web pages. The 24LC256 is programmable via

a two-wire serial I2CTM interface.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 9

Introduction to the PICDEM.net Board

3. LCD DISPLAY: This two-line by 16-character dot matrix display shows

diagnostic and error messages with the factory programmed firmware. It

may be used for other applications with appropriate re-programming.

4. ET HERNET CONTROLLER: T he PICDEM.net b oard uses the Real tek

RTL8019AS single chip Ethernet controller and transceiver to provide

network co nnec tivi ty.

5. STATUS LEDs: Four LEDs are provided:

•SYSTEM – flashes to show the board is powered up and connected correctly .

•LINK STATUS – flashes to indicate a Collision Detect state on Revision

4 versions of the board. On Revision 5 and later versions, this LED

lights to show that the Ethernet connection is active.

•XMIT and RX – when the board is connected correctly, these are nor-

mally lit, and flash OFF (inverted logic), when the board is transmitting

or receiving a packet (respectively).

6. USER-DEFINED LEDs: These two LEDs are driven by digital I/O pins of

the controller , and may be used to simulate a digital output to an embed-

ded devic e. They ma y also be ena bled or disab led by jump er selectio n

on the board (located at 6a).

7. US ER-DEFINED PUSH BUTTON: Thi s switch is connec ted to a digital

I/O pin on the microcontroller , and may be used to simulate a digital input

in an embedded application.

8. USER-DEFINED POTENTIOMETERS: Two 10 kOhm potentiometers

are connected to analog I/O pins of the microcontroller. These can be

used to simulate analog inputs in an embedded application.

9. RESET PUSH BUTTON: This switch is tied to the MCLR pin on the con-

troller, and is used to reset the board.

10. RJ-45 (10-Base T) MODULAR CONNECTOR: This provides standard

Ethernet connectivity.

1 1. RJ-1 1 (SIX-WIRE) MODULAR CONNECTOR: This allows the demonstra-

tion board to be connected to Microchip MPLAB ICD (In-Circuit Debugger)

systems for advanced microcontroller emulation and debugging.

1 2. RS-232 (DB9M) CONNECTOR: This allows the demonstration board to be

configured for IP and Ethernet address through a standard serial connection.

This interface also allows users to download new Web pages to the EEPROM.

13. PROTOTYPE AREA: A 24x27 grid is p rovided for users to breadboard addi-

tional circuitry for development. Connections are provided for +5 VDC, ground,

and fo ur dif ferent I/O por ts (RA <5:0>, R B<4:0>, RC <7:0> an d RD<7:0>) .

14. ON-BOARD POWER: An on-board full-wave bridge allows for AC or DC

power input. An on-board regulator provides 5 VDC at 1 A.

15. ETHERN ET ID: This u nique serial number repre sent s the t wo least signif -

icant bytes of the Media Access Control (MAC), which is used by the

Ethern et transce iver to iden tify and f ilter pa ckets. Th e Ethernet ID bytes of

the PICDEM.net board can be changed in firmware.

16. REVISION LEVEL INDICA T OR (BACK SIDE): The silk-screened text on

the reverse (trace) side of the board, directly beneath the Prototype

Area, indicates the hardware revision level.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 10  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

1.5 The Development Manual

Also included in this kit is the book “TCP/IP Lean: Web Servers for Embedded

System”. Written by Jeremy Bentham of Iosoft, Ltd., “TCP/IP Lean” provides a

comprehensive introduction to the many protocols embedded in TCP/IP, and

how to custom tailor the “stack” for specific microcontroller based connectivity

applications.

In addition to the manual, Mr. Bentham has also provided an overview of the

custom TCP/IP stack and software already programmed on the PICDEM.net

board. The discussion is in Chapter 5 of this User’s Manual.

1.6 The Internet Solutions CD

Although the Iosoft TCP/IP firmware has been provided with the board, it is

important to note that Iosoft is just one of several companies that support

Internet connectivity solutions with Microchip components. This is why

Microchip has also provided the Internet Solutions CD with the PICDEM.net

kit.

The CD provides sample software solutions and additional information for

several different vendors. Specifically included are examples from

LiveDevices and Y ipee, which may used in exploring connectivity solutions for

both the PIC16C and PIC18C families of microcontrollers. Additional details

are provided in Appendix B.

More information on these and other solution providers is available from the

Design Center at the Microchip Web site. The address for the PICDEM.net

Connectiv i ty Sol uti on s page is

http://www.microchip.com/internet.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 11

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 2. Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board

2.1 Highlights

This chapter will cover the following topics:

•Limitations on Networking the PICDEM.net Board

•Hardware and Software Requirements for the Host Computer

•Setting Up the Test System

•Establishing Communications

2.2 Limitations on Networking

The PICDEM.net board provided in your kit has been designed to

demonstrate the possibilities of networking with embedded Microchip

controllers over Ethernet and the Internet. As with any custom TCP/IP

implementation, however, some precautions are in order.

Whenever new hardware or software is added to a network, it is always

advisable to create a separate test network, isolated from the LAN. This

allows testing the new system in a controlled atmosphere, and minimizes the

possibilities of network interference from the new equipment. The major

sources include:

•ADDRESSING – Each device on the network must have a unique

address. Networks using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DCHP)

may not permit single devices with fixed IP addresses without major

configuration changes.

•TRAFFIC LEVELS – While the Ethernet transceiver hardware will filter

out unwanted messages, a highly loaded network with many broadcast

messages may place a sizable burden on the PICDEM.net board.

•DATA SECURITY – Although it is unlikely that the addition of a single

device will compromise the integrity or privacy of sensitive information,

it is always a good idea to perform extensive testing with new equip-

ment before adding it to a secure network.

•EXPERIMENTATION – Even as a simple microcontroller based device,

the PICDEM.net board is capable of generating a high volume of net-

work traffic, which may severely disrupt normal network operations.

For these rea sons , it is recomm end ed that the PICDEM.net evaluation board

be used only in one of two controlled configurations:

•connected directly to a dedicated host system, using the supplied

cros so ver cable ; or

•connected via a standard Ethernet cable to a single Ethernet hub,

which has no connections to any other LAN.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 12  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

2.3 Host Computer Requirements

To configure and communicate with the PICDEM.net card, you must have a

system that meets the following hardware and software requirements:

•PC-compatible system with an Intel Pentium® class, or highe r

processor, or equivalent

•4 MB RAM (16 MB or more, recommended)

•CD-ROM drive (for use with the accompanying CD)

•Standard Ethernet card (10 Mbps) with RJ45 (10-Base T) connector

•One available standard serial port, with a matching COM port available

through the operating system

•Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 2000

Professional Desktop (any version)

•Microsoft Internet Explorer, or Netscape Navigator (version 3.0 or

higher for either)

•Any terminal emulation package, such as HyperTerminal® (for optional

serial programming of the PICDEM.net board)

2.4 Setting Up the Test System

For evaluating the PICDEM.net board, the simplest configuration uses a

single host computer connected directly to the board using a crossover cable.

Creating this isolated test system involves the following steps:

1. Hooking up the PICDEM.net board to the host system

2. Obtaining (or configuring) the host IP address

3. Configuring the PICDEM.net IP address

Note: This section assumes that an Ethernet card has already been

installed and is working properly, and that the TCP/IP protocol has

been installed and bound to the card. If this has not been done, or

if you are uncertain if this has been done, please contact your Infor-

mation Systems support person for further assistance.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 13

Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board

2. 4.1 Hookin g U p the Boa r d

The basic connections are shown in Figure 2.1.

Figure 2.1: Connections between the PICDEM.net Board and the Host Computer

1. Power down the host system. If it currently connected to a LAN, discon-

nect the network cable.

2. Unbox and unwrap the board, and set it on a non-conductive surface

near the host compute r.

3. Connect the serial cable (supplied in the kit) to the board, then to the

open serial port on your computer.

Host Computer

Ethernet

Card

Serial Port

(CO M1 or

COM2)

9 VDC from

Power Supply

PICDEM.net Board

Serial Cable

Network Cable

Serial Port

(DB 9 to D B 9)

(10-Base T)

Ethernet Port

Crossover

Note: Most PC-compatible desktop computers have two serial ports: one

is a DB9 male (pin) connector , while the other may be either a DB9

male, or DB25 male connector. If your available serial port is the

latter, you will ne ed to u se a DB 25 F-to -D B9M po rt ada pter, some-

times known as an “external modem adapter”. Check with your

local electronics parts store or your Information Services provider

for additional information.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 14  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

4. Con nec t the 10- B as e T Et her ne t cr oss ov er ca bl e (su ppl ied in the k i t) to

the board, then to the computer.

5. Con nect th e bar rel plu g of the power supp ly to the Power Input jack on

the board.

6. Plug the power adapter into your wall socket or power strip.

7. Check the PICDEM.net board. You should verify all of the following:

•The System LED is blinking

•The User LEDs are dark

•In Rev 4 boards, the LINK LED is dark; in later revisions, the LINK LED

is lit

•The XMIT and RX LEDS should be solidly lit or flickering

•The LCD display shows the message:

ChipWeb v1.03

10.10.5.15

If your PICDEM.net board does not show all of these things, check all

connections with the power supply and the board. For additional assistance,

refer to Chapter 6 ("Troubleshooting").

8. Power up the host system.

2.4.2 Obtaining (or Configuring) the Host IP Address

The process in this section varies, depending on the operating system used

on the host system and the absence or presence of DHCP configuration on

the host system. If you are unsure if your LAN uses DHCP to assign individual

machine IP addresses, contact your network support group.

These steps only need to be done once, before using the PICDEM.net card

for the first time.

Note: The Revision Label is on the reverse (trace) side of the board,

directly underneath the Prototype Area grid (see Figure 1.1, item

16). For additional information on the LINK Led, refer to Chapter 6

("Troubleshooting").

Note 1: The actual version of the firmware will be reflected in the first

line of the LCD display. Version 1.03 is the revision available at

the time this manual was prepared. Your display may differ.

2: The IP address “10.10.5.15” is valid when the board is first

unboxed and configured. After that, the IP address displayed

will be the address you have reprogrammed into the board (see

the following sections for more de tails).

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 15

Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board

Obtaining Host IP Address (Windows 95:)

1. Fro m the Start menu, se lect Run, then type the command winipcfg.

Press <ENTER>. The IP Configuration window will appear with the IP

Configuration of the host system (Figure 2.2).

•If the IP address is 0.0.0.0, or if the system is using DCHP:

Continue with Step 2.

•If the IP address is anything except 0.0.0.0: Make a note of the IP

address, and continue with the procedure for "Configuring the

PICDEM.net IP Address" (page 17).

Figure 2.2: IP Configuration Window (Windows 95)

2. Click “Release”. The IP Address and Subnet mask are both now

"0.0.0.0". Close the IP Configuration dialog.

3. F rom the Start menu, selec t Settings>Co ntrol Panel. Click on the Net-

work applet icon.

4. At the Network dialog box, select the "Configuration" tab.

5. Select "TCP/IP" from the list of installed components. Click "Properties".

6. Select the "xxx" tab. Select the "Specify an IP Address" option.

7. Enter "10.10.5.1" for the IP Address, and "255.255.255.0" for the Subnet

Mask. Click "Ap ply".

8. Close the Network dialog box, and reboot the system.

9. Close the dialog box, then re-run the winipcfg command. The IP

address is now a non-zero address; make a note of it.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 16  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

Obtaining Host IP Address (Windows 98 and NT):

1. Open a DOSTM (or command prompt) window. From the Start menu,

select Programs>Accessories>MS-DOS Prompt (Windows 98) or

Progra ms>Ac cessor ies>C omma nd Prompt (W indows NT 4.0 and 200 0

Professional).

2. At the DOS win dow, type t he command ipconfig. This will re turn the

IP Configuration for the host system, including the IP address tied to the

Ethernet card (Figure 2.3).

•If the IP address is 0.0.0.0, or the system is configured for DHCP:

Continue with Step 3.

•If the IP address is anything except 0.0.0.0: Make a note of the IP

address, and continue with the procedure for "Configuring the

PICDEM.net IP Address" (page 17).

3. Type the command ipconfig/release, and press <ENTER>. You

may receive a message that addresses were automatically configured

and cannot be released; this is normal.

4. Type the command ipconfig/renew, and press <ENTER>. Wait for

about one minute for the system to return a command prompt. You may

receive a message that the DHCP server was unavailable; this is also

normal.

5. Close the DOS window, then open a new DOS window.

6. Type the command ipconfig, and press <ENTER>. The new IP

address is now a non-zero address. Make a note of this.

Figure 2.3: The ipconfig Screen (Windows 2000)

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 17

Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board

2.4.3 Conf iguri n g the PICDEM.n et IP Address

1. From the Start menu, select Programs>Accessories>Com-

munications>HyperTerminal (for some operating systems,

Programs>Accessories>HyperTerminal).

2. At the initial “Connection Description” dialog box, enter a name for the

connection. You may call the terminal session any name that you will

easily remember. Click “OK”.

3. At the “Connect To” dialog box that follows, choose the appropriate COM

port from the drop-down menu. Click “OK”.

4. At the COM Properties dialog box that follows, select the settings:

•Bits per second: 9600

•Data bits: 8

•Parity: none

•Stop bits: 1

•Flow Control: none

Click “OK”. The terminal window opens with a flashing cursor. The

message “Connected” appears in the status bar at the bottom of the

terminal window, along with an elapsed time display.

5. Press and hold button RB5 on the PICDEM.net board. While holding

RB5, press and release the MCLR button. The terminal responds with:

ChipWeb v1.0.3

Config

Serial num?

The LCD also displays “ChipWeb v1.0.3 Config”.

Note: The example shown in Figure 2.3 is specific to Windows 2000. The

prompts and command responses shown differ slightly for other

Windows operating syste ms; however, the IP Address wil l always

be clearly identified as such.

Note: These instructions are written specifically for use with the Hyper-

Terminal emulator package that ships with Windows operating sys-

tems. If you are using another terminal emulation package, the

procedure you use to configure a terminal session may vary

slightly. Please consult the documentation for the terminal software

for additional information.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 18  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

6. En ter the seri al number (Eth ernet ID number) printed on the sticker on

the board. Press <ENTER>.

7. At the response IP addr?, enter your host system’s IP address,

INCREMENTED BY ONE IN THE FINAL POSITION. For example, if the

original host IP address is 169.225.150.10, enter “169.225.150.11”.

Press <ENTER>.

8. The terminal responds with XMODEM?, followed by a series of characters

appearing approximately once per second. Press and release the MCLR

button. The terminal res ponds with ChipWeb v1.0.3 an d the new IP

address entered in Step 7.

The LCD also displays “ChipWeb v1.0.3” and the new IP address.

9. Close the terminal session. For your convenience, you may save the

terminal session when prompted.

2.5 Establishing Communications

Your PICDEM.net board has already been programmed with the custom TCP/

IP stack and a special interactive page written in HTML. Once it is hooked up,

it is ready to go – no further software programming is required. At this point,

all that remains is to “log on”.

With your host system disconnected from a LAN, however, it will be

necessary to make some minor changes to your browser’s configuration.

1. Access the browser’s configuration settings in one of two ways:

•From the Start menu, select S ett ing s>C on trol Pan e l, then click on the

Internet Options applet; or

•Launch the browser, then select Tools>Internet Options from the menu.

2. Select the “Connections” tab, then click on the “LAN Settings” button.

3. Verify that the “Use a Proxy Server” box is deselected.

4. Click “OK”, then “OK” to close the Internet Properties dialog box.

Note: The actu al versio n of the firmwar e will be re flected in the first li ne

of the display. Version 1.03 is the revision available at the time this

manual was prepared. Your display may differ.

Note: These instructions are written specifically for use with Internet

Explorer. If you are using Netscape Navigator, or another Web

browser, the procedure you use will vary. Please consult the docu-

mentation for your browser for additional information.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 19

Getting Started with the PICDEM.net Board

5. Launch the Web browser (if not running already).

6. At the URL address line, enter “http://”, and the IP a ddress of the

PICDEM.net board. Press <Enter>.

7. After several seconds, the ChipWeb page appears:

You are now ready to experiment with PICDEM.net.

Note: For users of later versions of Internet Explorer, the message will

begin with “No c on nectio n to th e Inte rn et i s curre ntl y avai la bl e....”.

There will be a choice of two buttons, “Work Offline” or “Try Again”.

Always choos e “Try Ag ain ”. If you choose “Wor k O ffli ne ”, you will

not be able to establish an external connection, and will need to

close and restart Explorer.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 20  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

NOTES:

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 21

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 3. Exploring The ChipWebTM Page

3.1 Highlights

This chapter will cover the following topics:

•Structure of the ChipWeb page

•Contents of the Center Frame

•Contents of the Left Frame

•Contents of the Right Frame

3.2 Structure of the Page

It’s nice to know that the PICDEM.net evaluation board can send a real Web

page to your computer. But the important question needs to be, “What can

this page do in the real world?”

The ChipWeb page is not meant to demonstrate a typical Internet-type Web

application – looking up information, buying something, checking a bank

account balance, what have you. The idea is to show how an embedded

system can send device-state and control information over an Ethernet

connection – information that is useful to other systems, as well as human

users. The ChipWeb page provides a simple demonstration of several

important concepts for an embedded control system:

•Display of analog and digital information

•Real-time control of remote devices

•Use r-fr ie ndl y inf or mati on .

The initial ChipWeb "home page" is actually an HTML "frameset"; this is a

common technique where two or more pages are displayed simultaneously to

give the appearance of a single page. The ChipWeb page is really three

different “frames”: center, left and right. Each one is implemented using

simple HTML, and demonstrates a different concept.

Additional details on the construction of the ChipWeb page’s individual

elements are provided in Chapter 5 (ChipWeb, the Miniature Ethernet

Server).

3.2.1 The Center Frame

The largest area of the page is devoted entirely to displaying graphics and

fixed content text, describing one of four general topics related to the

ChipWeb server. The actual contents shown here are selected by the user by

clicking on one of the four hyperlinks in the upper area of the left frame (see

Section 3.2.2). When the PICDEM.net board is initialized, the “Home” content

page is displayed as the default.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 22  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

3.2.2 The Left Frame

This area demonstrates real-time interactive control of the PICDEM.net

board. It has two functional groups:

1. HYPERLINKS: As already discussed, these are conventional HTML

hyperlinks that select one of four pages of information for the center

pane. The options are Home (default), Analog(ue), Digital, and Software.

2. VIRTUAL SWITCHES: This group shows a representation of two toggle

switches and associated pilot lights, representing digital inputs. Clicking

on either switch will change its state (Up or Down), while turning its light

On or Off. At the same time, clicking a switch will also turn the appropri-

ate User LED On or Off.

3.2.3 The Right Frame

This area demonstrates the feedback of analog and digital data from the

board, which is updated about every five seconds. It has three areas:

1. ANALOG INPUT: Two vertical sliding scales are displayed, along with a

digital translation of their values. These scales represent the current set-

tings of the user potentiometers, displaying the voltage across each

(range of 0 to 5V). As the setting of the potentiometers changes, the dis-

played value is updated.

2. DIGITAL OUTPUT: This area ha s two numeric displays, each showing

the value of eit her ‘0’ or ‘1’. As th e user chan ges t he vi rtual s witch es i n

the left pane, the state of the matching digit display changes.

3. DIG ITAL INPUT: Thi s area has a single nume ric displ ay, as above, th e

value of which is linked to the User push button on the board. When the

button is pushed, the value is ‘1’; when it is rel eased, the value retur ns

to the default of ’0’.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 23

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 4. Reconfiguring and Restoring the Firmware

4.1 Highlights

This chapter covers the following:

•Reconfiguring the PICDEM.net hardware

•Reconfiguring t he PICDEM.net firmware

•Entering Configuration mode

•Changing the Network Configuration

•Loading (or Reloading) the Web Page into EEPROM

•Changing the Contr olle r Firmwa re

4.2 Reconfiguring the PICDEM.net Hardware

The basic hardware of the PICDEM.net board, as shipped from Microchip, is

a fixed configuration. Outside of disabling the User LEDs by removing the

associated jumper , there are no features on the board that can be changed by

the user.

4.3 Reconfiguring the PICDEM.net Firmware

To be ready for use out of the box, the PICDEM.net board is shipped with pre-

loaded firmware. The firmware has three different components:

•The ChipWeb page, written in compiled HTML and stored in the

EEPROM

•The Network Configuration, written in binary and stored in Data EEPROM

memory on the PIC16F877 controller

•The PICDEM.net operating firmware (including the TCP/IP stack), stored

in the Program Memory of the microcontroller.

The Web page can be reloaded, or a new page loaded in its place, without

affecting the operating firmware on the microcontroller. Reloading the

Network Configuration, however, requires that the Web page be reloaded.

Note: These instructions are valid only with the ChipWeb firmware pro-

vided by Iosoft Ltd., as originally configured on the PICDEM.net

board. If you have si nce loaded a di fferent firm war e package fr om

another vendor, consult that vendor’s instructions for how to

proceed.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 24  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

4.3.1 Entering Configuration Mode

In order to change the Web page or the network settings, it is necessary to

first put the board into Configuration mode. To do this, connect the board to

the host system as described in Chapter 2. Then:

1. Press and hold the User push button (RB5).

2. While holding RB5, press and release the MCLR push button.

The terminal responds with:

ChipWeb v1.0.3

Config

Serial num?

The LCD also displays “ChipWeb v1.0.3 Config”.

The PICDEM.net board will also enter the Configuration mode automatically,

whenever an EEPROM checksum failure occurs (e.g., when the EEPROM is

cleared or its contents are corrupted).

4.3.2 Changing the Network Configuration

At this point, the PICDEM.net board’s network configuration can be changed.

1. At the Serial num? prompt, enter the serial number from the Ethernet

ID sticker on the board, or a new Ethernet ID number . Alternatively , press

<ESC> to leave the ID unchanged.

2. At the IP addr? prompt, enter the new IP address in dotted-decimal

notation. Alternatively, press <ESC> to leave the IP address unchanged.

The factory default address is 10.10.5.15. For peer-to-peer connections

as described in Chapter 2, the address is a single increment from the

host system’s IP address. In other settings, the IP address must be

unique within the local domain.

3. Press <ENTER>. The new network configuration is now programmed

into the controller’s EEPROM .

4. The terminal responds with XMODEM?. To continue configuration by load-

ing a new Web page, go to step 3 of "To Load a Web Page" (page 25).

To return to normal PICDEM.net operation, briefly press and release the

MCLR button. The terminal and LCD returns with "ChipWeb v1.0.3" and

the IP address.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 25

Reconfiguring and Restoring the Firmware

NOTES ON IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION:

•If more than one PICDEM.net board is being evaluated, give each

board a different IP address – even if one is connected at a time. The

system may become confused with different Ethernet IDs being linked

to a single IP address.

•Rapid changes in Ethernet IDs and/or IP addresses, especially when

more than one PICDEM.net board is being evaluated, may cause a sit-

uation where the boards respond erratically. This is likely due to ARP

caching by the host system, where it retains a mapping of MACs and IP

addresses.

•For experienced users: the configuration of the PICDEM.net board

does not include either a net mask, or gateway IP address. This is

because the current implementation of ChipWeb does not include rout-

ing capabilities; all responses are returned directly to the IP and MAC of

the sender. Routing capabilities will be added to subsequent versions.

4.3.3 Loading (or Reloading) the Web Page

Before loading the Web page, the HTML file(s) must be translated into the

appropriate binary format using the Webpage tool. The software is included

with the CD accompanying the book “TCP/IP Lean”. In general, creating a

new Web page involves the following:

1. Create the HTML or GIF files using the appropriate software tools.

Remember that the total size of any single file (including HTML header)

must be no more than 1460 bytes.

2. Place the files into a single directory.

3. Merge the files with the WEBROMTM tool (see Chapters 5 and 11 of

"TCP/IP Lean").

4. Verify that the size of the finished file is within the capacity of the

EEPROM (32 Kbyte).

If you are reloading the original ChipWeb page, it is available in the proper

format on the PICDEM.net Internet Solutions CD. The path is

/iosoft/chipweb/pcm/webpage.rom..

Note: Your terminal emulation software must support the standard

XMODEM protocol. Variants such as XMODEM-1K or any of the

CRC variants will not work. HyperTerminal supports both XMODEM

and XMODEM-1K.

PICDEM.netTM User’s Guide

DS39563A-page 26  2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

To Load a Web Page:

1. Enter Configuration mode (Section 4.3.1, page 24).

2. Change the Ethernet ID and IP address as needed (Section 4.3.2,

page 24), or press <ESC> twice to bypass changes.

3. At the XMODEM? prom pt, select Transfer>Send File from the ma in menu

for HyperTerminal (the "Send File" command for other terminal emula-

tors). Specify the location of the file, and select "XMODEM" for the

Transfer Protocol.

4. When the transfer has finished, the PICDEM.net board will return to

normal operation automatically. The terminal and LCD return with

"ChipWeb v1.0.3" and the IP address.

If the t rans fer did not com pl ete su cc ess full y, the PICDEM .ne t bo ar d will

return to Configuration mode. There may also be an error message from

the termi nal e mulato r, no ting t hat the file tr ansf er di d not com plete su c-

cessfu lly. It is also po ssible that the con troller EE PROM check sum has

failed, and the network configuration needs to be reloaded.

4.4 Clearing the Controller Firmware

After investigating the PICDEM.net board and the ChipWeb server, you may

be ready to design your own embedded application. To do this, it will be

necessary to clear the existing TCP/IP stack in FLASH Program Memory of

the PIC16F877 microcontroller.

The PICDEM.net. Ethernet/Internet Demonstration Board does not include

the tools for clearing and reprogramming the microprocessor. To do this, you

must use an appropriate device programmer. You may also use the MPLAB

ICD Development System, which provides a complete development suite for

device emulation and programming.

If you already have the development tools, you have everything you need to

begin immediately . The PICDEM.net Internet Solutions CD, enclosed with the

PICDEM.net Development kit, includes sample software to assist you in

developing embedded Ethernet solutions.

Note: The MPLAB Development System and the PICDEM.net Internet

Solution s CD c on tain too ls a nd sol uti ons f or both the P IC1 6C a nd

PIC18C famil ies of m icrocontr ollers . You wil l need to ob tain a pin-

compatible P ICm ic ro 18 C or 18 F de vi ce (su ch as th e PI C1 8C 45 2)

to evaluate the full range of these Ethernet solutions.

 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39563A-page 27

PICDEM.netTM USER’S GUIDE

Chapter 5. Chip Web, the Miniature Ethernet Serve r

5.1 Overview

In the book “TCP/IP Lean: Web Servers for Embedded Systems”, I describe

software techniques to create small Web servers. To show how small these

can get, I conclude by implementing a complete Web server on a PICmicro®

PIC16C76 microcontroller.

This miniature server uses dynamic Web pages to display the current

temperature, time and digital input status, and allows the user to control the

digital outputs and set a real-time clock. In many ways, it is a useful little

system; the only bar to its use in a Local Area Network (LAN) environment is

that it only communicates using a serial (SLIP) link.

The next step is to adapt the server for use with Ethernet, and this chapter

describes those adaptations. As a hardware plat form, I will be using the

Microchip PICDEM.net board, which has a small amount of analog and digital

I/O, an LCD display, and the all-important Ethernet interface.

5.2 Hardware

5.2.1 Ethernet Interface

Ethernet allows a large number of computers to be connected together, so

that a transmission from one computer is received by all the others. Early

Ethernet implementations tended to use a single backbone cable linking the

systems together, in a bus topology. This has largely been replaced by the

star topology, where each computer is connected to an electronic repeater

(hub), and several hubs can be interconnected to form a large Local Area

Network, or LAN (see Figure 5.1).

Fortunately, we can ignore the differences between these topologies, since a

hub usually retransmits the message from one computer to all others in a

relatively unintelligent manner. The hardware arbitrates between the

compu t ers o n t h e net w or k (nodes) so they can transmit when necessary, with

a high probability that the message will be received by all the other nodes.

Note: The following chapter has been provided by Jeremy Bentham,

author of the ac companyin g book “TCP/IP Le an: Web Serv ers for