C7943CA-02 - Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

Flat panel sensors

Large photodiode area

(C7942CA-02: 120 × 120 mm, C7943CA-02: 124.8 × 124.8 mm)

www.hamamatsu.com

C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02

The C7942CA-02 and C7943CA-02 are compact, light-weight digital X-ray image sensors developed as a key device for non-destruc-

tive inspection, biochemical imaging, and X-ray microscopy. High-resolution, high-deﬁ nition digital X-ray images can be acquired in

real time.

Features Applications

High-speed imaging:

C7942CA-02: 2 frames/s (single operation)

9 frames/s (4 × 4 binning)

C7943CA-02: 7 frames/s (single operation)

30 frames/s (4 × 4 binning)

Non-destructive inspection

Digital X-ray photography

Low noise and wide dynamic range

12-bit digital output

C7942CA-02: 2400 × 2400 pixels

C7943CA-02: 1248 × 1248 pixels

Structure (C7942CA-02)

The C7942CA-02 is comprised of a sensor board and a control board. Mounted on the sensor board is a CMOS image sensor chip made up of a tow-

dimensional photodiode array, row-scanning vertical shift register, and 8 charge amplifier arrays. Each charge amplifier array has a horizontal shift

A CsI scintillator plate is mounted on the two-dimensional photodiode array. X-rays incident on the scintillator are converted to fluorescence,

which then enters the two-dimensional photodiode array where electric charge is accumulated in each pixel according to the light intensity. The

accumulated charge on each row is sequentially selected by the row-scanning vertical shift register, transferred to the amplifiers through the data

line, and converted to a voltage signal. Then an analog signal is sent out from each amplifier array by scanning the horizontal shift register.

The control board converts the analog signal into a 12-bit digital signal, which is then sent to a frame grabber board as a 12-bit parallel output

through one port.

KACCC0216EB

Charge amp array No. 1

(with horizontal shift

KACCC0216

Vertical shift register

Timing

pulse

generator

Oscillator

ExtTrgGrb

Pixel number

Sensor board

Control board

Vsync

Hsync

Pclk

A/D

IntExt Binning

(bin0, bin1)

External power supply

A.vdd, D.vdd, V(±7.5)

(not attached)

Photodiode

array

Note: Signals are read out in order of pixel number.

Buffer

amp

Buffer

amp

Processing

amp

Processing

amp

57600005759999

24002339

480047992401

CsI

scintillator

Bias

generator

ExtTrgLemo

FIFO

A/D FIFO

Video output

(12-bit digital)

Charge amp array No. 8

(with horizontal shift

PREVIOUSDATA

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

General ratings

Absolute maximum ratings (Ta=25 °C)

Specifications [Ta=25 °C, A.vdd= 5.0 V, D.vdd= 5.0 V, V(±7.5)= ±7.5 V]

Parameter C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02 Unit

Pixel size 50 × 50 100 × 100 μm

Photodiode area 120 × 120 124.8 × 124.8 mm

Number of pixels 2400 × 2400 1248 × 1248 pixels

Number of active pixels 2240 × 2344 1216 × 1220 pixels

Readout Charge amplifier array -

Video output (Data1-12) RS-422 (differential), 12-bit -

Output data rate 15.15 MHz

Synchronous signal (Vsync, Hsync, Pclk) RS-422 (differential) -

bin0/1, ExtTrgGrb, ExtTrgLemo, IntExt TTL -

Scintillator CsI -

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Supply voltage for digital circuitry (+5 V) D.vdd +6.0 V

Supply voltage for analog circuitry (+5 V) A.vdd +6.0 V

Supply voltage for analog circuitry (±7.5 V) V(±7.5) ±12 V

Input voltage (bin0/1, ExtTrgGrb, ExtTrgLemo, IntExt) Vin 0 to 6.0 V

Operating temperature *1Topr 0 to +35 °C

Storage temperature *1Tstg 0 to +50 °C

Incident X-ray energy - 100 kVp

*1: No condensation

Parameter Symbol C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02 Unit

Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.

Frame rate (single operation) Sf(int) 1.9 2 - 6.65 7 - frames/s

Frame rate (2 × 2 binning) - - 4 - - 15 - frames/s

Frame rate (4 × 4 binning) - - 9 - - 30 - frames/s

Frame rate external (single operation) Sf(ext) - Sf(int) to

0.1 --

Sf(int) to

0.1 - frames/s

Noise (rms) *2N(rms) - 1100 - - 2300 - electrons

Saturation charge Csat - 2.2 - - 10 - M electrons

Sensitivity *3S 20 25 - 22.4 28 - LSB/mR

Resolution *4Reso 6 8 - 4 5 - line pairs/mm

Dynamic range - 2000 - - 4300 - -

Defect line *5- - - 20 - - 10 lines

Blemish *6- - - 600 - - 600 μm

Non-uniformity of sensitivity *6---4--4 %

Defect cluster *6-Not allowed Not allowed -

Bright line output adjacent to a defect

line *6- - - 120 - - 120 %

Output offset *6- - 65 200 - 65 200 LSB

*2: Internal trigger mode, single operation

*3: at 80 kVp without filter

*4: Spatial frequency at CTF=5 %

*5: A defect line is a horizontal or vertical line containing 4 or

more cosecutive pixels located at the opposite side of an

amplifier array or a shift register, that produce 1/8 of the

average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels.

Adjacent defective lines are not allowed in the vertical or

horizontal directions.

*6: See P. 7, 8, “Description of terms”

*7: Average of all effective pixels in single operation at Sf(int)

Note: X-ray energy range is 20 k to 100 kVp.

Resolution

KACCB0135EB

Spatial frequency (line pairs/mm)

CTF (%)

012345678910

100

[Ta=25 °C, A.vdd=5.0 V, D.vdd=5.0 V, V (±7.5 V)=±7.5 V]

C7943CA-02

C7942CA-02

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

1 frame (Tvc)

1st row 2nd row

Enlarged view

Dummy lines Tvdpw

Phe Pg Phe Phd PhdPhe

1st row

2nd row

1st row

2nd row

All pulses are counted in the

“High” period of Hsync+.

All pulses are counted at the riging edge of Pclk+.

The effective video output is only included in the “Phe” period.

Last row

Vsync+ (grabber)

Hsync+ (grabber)

Pclk+ (grabber)

Recommendation: 50 % of frame time

Frame time (Tvc to Tmax)

Tvd Txray

Tvl

Tvc - Tvdpw

ExtTrgGrb

(TTL)

Vsync+

(LVDS)

Hsync+, Pclk+ and effective video output are the same as internal trigger mode.

· Tmax is defined as the reciprocal of the minimum value of Sf(ext).

· Txray = Frame time - Tvd - (Tvc - Tvdpw)

· Tvl = Frame time - (Tvc - Tvdpw)

To acquire images through a frame grabber board, write parameters in the software program or parameter file by referring to the following

timing chart and description.

KACCC0362EC

KACCC0393EB

Timing chart

Internal trigger mode

Parameter

Count

C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02

Single operation

(1 × 1)

2 × 2

binning

4 × 4

binning

Single operation

(1 × 1)

2 × 2

binning

4 × 4

binning

He Effective line 2344 1172 586 1220 610 305

Dummy line 56 28 14 28 14 7

Phe Effective pixel 2240 1120 560 1216 608 304

Dummy pixel 160 80 40 32 16 8

Phd 526 1726 2326 334 958 1270

Pg 21 21 21 27 27 27

Note: “He” is the Hsync count. Phe, Phd and Pg are the Pclk count.

(Typ.)

Parameter Symbol

C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02

Unit

Single

operation

2 × 2

binning

4 × 4

binning

Single

operation

2 × 2

binning

4 × 4

binning

Vsync

Delay time (only external trigger mode) Tvd 390 390 390 210 210 210 μs

Cycle time (internal trigger mode) Tvc 470 230 117 130 66 33 ms

Pulse width of Vsync+ in low period (internal trigger mode) Tvdpw 770 770 770 420 420 420 μs

Note: The numbers of significant figures is two. (except Tvc)

Mode

36-pin receptacle 2-pin receptacle

Pin No. 15

(ExtTrgGrb)

Pin No. 33

(IntExt)

Pin No. 1

(ExtTrgLemo)

Internal trigger

mode

(Input signal is

ignored.)

Low

(Input signal is

ignored.)

External trigger

mode

Rectangular signal

(See the right figure.)

High

High or Open

Rectangular signal

(See the right figure.)

To acquire images in external trigger mode, input an external trigger pulse as shown below. When the time Tvd has passed after the rising

edge of the external trigger pulse, synchronous signals and video signals are obtained.

When used in synchronization with a pulsed X-ray source, X-rays should be irradiated during the Txray period.

External trigger mode

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

To operate the C7942CA-02 and C7943CA-02 at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required.

O PC: IBM compatible PC running on Windows XP

O Frame grabber board: Monochrome 16 bits or more, pixel clock 16 MHz or more, RS-422 interface synchronous signal

· See the frame grabber board manual.

· Operation of the C7942CA-02 and C7943CA-02 has been verified with the following frame grabber boards.

C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02: IMAQ PCI-1424 (NI parts No.777662-01 *8) + Optional memory 64 MB (NI parts No.920130-64 *8)

C7943CA-02: IMAQ PCI-1422 (NI parts No.777959-01 *8)

· You can utilize the demonstration software that comes with the frame grabber board as a simple viewer, to acquire and save an image.

Refer to the frame grabber board user's guide for how to use the camera information file for the demonstration software.

O Power source: A.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (700 mA), D.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (1000 mA), V(±7.5 V) = ±7.5 V ± 0.5 V (±100 mA)

· The voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. The impedance of the power cable attached with the flat panel

sensor is low enough but it causes 0.1 V approx. drop. Therefore the voltage at the power source side should be set 0.1 V higher than

the voltage specified above.

· Please use a low noise series power supply. (Avoid using a switching power supply.)

· Install a noise filter on the AC power input line to prevent surges on the AC line.

· Always ground the ground terminal to avoid the effects of noise from peripheral devices.

O Frame grabber board cable (sold separately, see P. 8.): For synchronous signal, video output and external control (see Table 1.)

*8: Made by NI (National Instruments Corporation)

O Power cable (terminated with an FGG.2B.307.CLAD92Z plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see Table 2.)

O External trigger cable (terminated with an FFA.0S.302.CLAC37 plug at one end and open at the other end; 5 m; see Table 3.)

O Earth cable (AWG18; 4 m)

The image acquisition software and image processing libraries are excluded from the flat panel sensor.

System requirements

Accessories

[Table 1] Pin assignment of 36-pin receptacle

Pin No. Signal Pin No. Signal

1 Data12+ (MSB) 19 Data12- (MSB)

2 Data11+ 20 Data11-

3 Data10+ 21 Data10-

4 Data9+ 22 Data9-

5 Data8+ 23 Data8-

6 Data7+ 24 Data7-

7 Data6+ 25 Data6-

8 Data5+ 26 Data5-

9 Data4+ 27 Data4-

10 Data3+ 28 Data3-

11 Data2+ 29 Data2-

12 Data1+ (LSB) 30 Data1- (LSB)

13 bin0 (TTL) 31 GND

14 bin1 (TTL) 32 GND

15 ExtTrgGrb (TTL) 33 IntExt (TTL)

16 Vsync+ 34 Vsync-

17 Hsync+ 35 Hsync-

18 Pclk+ 36 Pclk-

Unless otherwise noted, signal level is RS-422.

36-pin receptacle: TX20A-36R-D2GF1-A1L made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, limited)

Mating plug: TX20A-36PH1-D2P1-D1E made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, limited)

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

[Table 2] Power pin assignment and cable color

[Table 3] External trigger pin assignment and cable color

[Table 4] Binning mode setting (Grabber interface: 36-pin receptacle)

Pin No. Color Signal

1 Brown +7.5 V

2 Red Analog GND

3 Orange -7.5 V

4 Yellow Analog GND

5 Green Analog +5 V

6 Blue Digital GND

7 Purple Digital +5 V

Shield - Analog GND

7-pin power receptacle: ECG.2B.307.CLV made by LEMO S.A.

Mating power plug: FGG.2B.307.CLAD92Z made by LEMO S.A.

Pin No. Color Signal

1 Red ExtTrgLemo (TTL)

2 Black Signal GND

Shield - Analog GND

2-pin receptacle: ECP.0S.302.CLL made by LEMO S.A

Mating plug: FFA.0S.302.CLAC37 made by LEMO S.A.

Operating mode Pin No.

No. 13 (bin0) No. 14 (bin1)

Single operation (1 × 1)

Low Low

2 × 2

binning

High Low

4 × 4

binning

High High

The C7942CA-02 and C7943CA-02 have binning mode for reading out signals from multiple pixels at a time. The binning mode setting can be

changed by using I/O port.

Binning mode

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

Install the frame grabber board into the PC by the manufacturer’s instructions. When a general-purpose frame grabber board with I/O control

is used, the binning mode or trigger mode can be set by controlling bin0, bin1, IntExt, and ExtTrgGrb through the I/O line.

Connection

Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: ±1 mm unless otherwise noted)

KACCC0217ED

KACCA0135ED

Video output

(12-bit digital)

Vsync, Hsync,

Pclk

Binning

(bin0, bin1)

IntExt

ExtTrgGrb

X-ray source

Frame

grabber

board

MonitorPC/AT

(Rear view)

OS +

image acquisition

software

Voltage source

[A.vdd, D.vdd, V(±7.5)]

ExtTrgLemo

C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C794*CA-02

Top cover is made of aluminum 1.0 mm thick.

Weight: 2.4 kg

* ±0.5 mm

198

Active area A

(0, 0)

Active area B

Scintillator

to top cover

8.3 *

C7942CA-02

112

C7943CA-02

121.6

B 117.2 122

C 33.5 31.1

D 22.9 20.5

E (2239, 2343) (1215, 1219)

150 *27 *

28 4

46574337

DIGITAL OUT

(4 ×) M3

depth 4

33 *127 *

165 *17 *

200

CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C794*CA-02

EXT.TRIG

POWER

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

· Do not subject the flat panel sensors to strong vibration or shock. (Strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanent damage to

these sensors.)

· Users must take responsibility for implementing X-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of X-ray exposure.

· Data listed in this datasheet is defined at the time of shipment. Characteristics may vary somewhat due to exposure to X-rays so take proper

coutermeasures such as making periodic image correction.

· This product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment.

The warranty is limited to make a replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in

manufacture. The warranty does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not

complying with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 1 million

Roentgen (incident X-ray energy: less than 100 kVp) even within the warranty period.

· As described above, flat panel sensors have limited resistance to radiation. This must be taken into account when using a flat panel sensor

under continuous irradiation (in-line non-destructive inspection, etc.)

When using flat panel sensors in non-destructive inspection equipment, please contact us and provide information such as irradiation

conditions.

Notice

C7942CA-02 and C7943CA-02 conform to European EMC directives:

EN61326 Class A

ABCDEFGHI J

Column

Row

KLMNOPQRS

Line B

(Column H, L)

Defect line

(Column J)

Line A

(Column I, K)

KACCC0385EB

KACCC0384EB

This is defined as defect cluster.

Normal pixel Defective pixel

This is not defined as defect cluster.

Description of terms

Length of pixel cluster which has less sensitivity than 90 % of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels.

Formed with more than 3

3 pixels which have less sensitivity

than 1/8 of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels.

The relative sensitivity ratio “a/b” should be 120 % or less for both vertical and horizontal

lines, where “a” and “b” are defined as follows:

a: Average sensitivity of bright line (Line A) adjacent to defect line

b: Average sensitivity of standard line (Line B) adjacent to Line A

Note that the average sensitivity of the bright line is calculated from the region adjacent to

the defect region in the defect line.

Example: See the right figure.

Defect region in defect line: From pixel (J, 1) to pixel (J, 15)

a: Average sensitivity from pixel (I, 1) to pixel (I, 15) or from pixel (K, 1) to pixel (K, 15)

b: Average sensitivity from pixel (H, 1) to pixel (H, 15) or from pixel (L, 1) to pixel (L, 15)

Blemish

Defect cluster

Bright line output adjacent to a defect line

www.hamamatsu.com

Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions.

HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Solid State Division

1126-1 Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, 435-8558 Japan, Telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, Fax: (81) 53-434-5184

U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, P.O.Box 6910, Bridgewater, N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1) 908-231-0960, Fax: (1) 908-231-1218

Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49) 08152-3750, Fax: (49) 08152-2658

France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 19, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, Fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10

United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limited: 2 Howard Court, 10 Tewin Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 1BW, United Kingdom, Telephone: (44) 1707-294888, Fax: (44) 1707-325777

North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Smidesvägen 12, SE-171 41 Solna, Sweden, Telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, Fax: (46) 8-509-031-01

Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39) 02-935-81-733, Fax: (39) 02-935-81-741

Cat. No. KACC1098E11 Jul. 2008 DN

Flat panel sensors C7942CA-02, C7943CA-02

Non-unifomity of sensitivity =

σ: standard deviation of 16 × 16 “Xij”

x : average value of 16 × 16 “Xij”

Optional cables for frame grabber board

Frame grabber board Cable type No. Cable length Cable end

General-purpose

A8406-31 5 m

TX20A-36PH1-D2P1-D1E *10

Open

A8406-36 7 m

A8406-37 10 m

A8406-38 12 m

IMAQ PCI-1424 *9

A8406-32 5 m

PCS-XE100MA+ *11

A8406-33 7 m

A8406-34 10 m

A8406-35 12 m

*9: Made by NI (National Instruments Corporation)

*10: Made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Limited)

*11: Made by Honda Tsushin Kogyo Co. Ltd.

Note: The detailed information for these optional cable is shown in the datasheet of the A8406 series.

KACCC0406EA KACCC0407EA

C7942CA-02 C7943CA-02

···········

Pixels

pixels

138 pixels

144 pixels144 pixels144 pixels144 pixels

138 pixels 138 pixels 130 pixels

16 segments

1 mm

Active area

1 mm

1 mm 1 mm

Active area

16 segments

···········

pixels

75 pixels

75 pixels75 pixels75 pixels75 pixels

75 pixels 75 pixels 71 pixels

16 segments

1 mm

Active area

1 mm

1 mm 1 mm

Active area

16 segments

16 segments are 16

16-divided active area excluded 1 mm from the whole edge. Xij is defined as the average sensitivity of each

segment.

Uniformity of sensitivity is calculated as following equation.

Non-uniformity of sensitivity