July 2008 Rev 14 1/23
23
LD2981ABxx
LD2981Cxx
Ultra low drop voltage regulators with inhibit
low ESR output capacitors compatible
Features
■Stable with low ESR ceramic capacitors
■Ultra low dropout voltage (0.17 V typ. at 100
mA load, 7 mV typ. at 1 mA load)
■Very low quiescent current (80 µA typ. at no
load in on mode; max 1 µA in off mode)
■Guaranteed output current up to 100mA
■Logic-controlled electronic shutdown
■Output voltage of 2.5; 3.0; 3.3; 5.0 V
■Internal current and thermal limit
■± 0.75 % tolerance output voltage available (A
version)
■Output low noise voltage 160 µVRMS
■Temperature range: -40 to 125 °C
■Smallest package SOT23-5L and SOT-89
■Fast dynamic response to line and load
changes
Description
The LD2981AB/C series are 100 mA fixed-output
voltage regulator. The low drop-voltage and the
ultra low quiescent current make them suitable for
low noise, low power applications and in battery
powered systems.
The quiescent current in sleep mode is less than
1 µA when INHIBIT pin is pulled low. Shutdown
logic control function is available on pin n° 3 (TTL
compatible). This means that when thedevice is
used as local regulator, it is possible to put a part
of the board in standby, decreasing the total
power consumption. The LD2981AB/C is
designed to work with low ESR ceramic capacitor.
Typical applications are in cellular phone,
palmtop/laptop computer, personal digital
assistant (PDA), personal stereo, camcorder and
camera.
SOT-89SOT23-5L
Table 1. Device summary
Part numbers
Output voltage
AB Version C Version
LD2981ABXX25 LD2981CXX25 2.5 V
LD2981ABXX30 LD2981CXX30 3.0 V
LD2981ABXX33 LD2981CXX33 3.3 V
LD2981ABXX50 LD2981CXX50 5.0 V
www.st.com
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
2/23
Contents
1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Typical application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Typical performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
7 Application notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.1 External capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.2 Input capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.3 Output capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.4 Important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.5 Inhibit input operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7.6 Reverse current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Diagram
3/23
1 Diagram
Figure 1. Schematic diagram
Pin configuration LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
4/23
2 Pin configuration
Figure 2. Pin connections (top view)
SOT-89
SOT23-5L
Table 2. Pin description
Pin n°
SOT23-5L
Pin n°
SOT-89 Symbol Name and function
13V
IN Input port
2 2 GND Ground pin
3INHIBIT
Control switch ON/OFF. Inhibit is not internally pulled-up; it cannot be
left floating. Disable the device when connected to GND or to a
positive voltage less than 0.18 V
4 NC Not connected
51V
OUT Output port
Table 3. Thermal data
Symbol Parameter SOT23-5L SOT-89 Unit
RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case 81 15 °C/W
RthJA Thermal resistance junction-ambient 255 110 °C/W
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Maximum ratings
5/23
3 Maximum ratings
Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
VIDC input voltage -0.3 to 16 V
VINH INHIBIT input voltage -0.3 to 16 V
IOOutput current Internally limited
PDPower dissipation Internally limited
TSTG Storage temperature range -55 to 150 °C
TOP Operating junction temperature range -40 to 125 °C
Typical application LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
6/23
4 Typical application
Note: Inhibit pin is not internally pulled-up then it must not be left floating. Disable the device when
connected to GND or to a positive voltage less than 0.18 V.
Figure 3. Application circuit
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Electrical characteristics
7/23
5 Electrical characteristics
Table 5. Electrical characteristics for LD2981AB (TJ = 25 °C, VI = VO(NOM) +1 V, CI = 1 µF (X7R),
CO = 2.2 µF (X7R), IO = 1 mA, VINH = 2 V, unless otherwise specified).
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOP Operating input voltage 2.5 16 V
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.481 2.5 2.518
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.475 2.525
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.437 2.562
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.828 2.85 2.872
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.822 2.878
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.779 2.921
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.977 3 3.023
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.970 3.030
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.925 3.075
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.176 3.2 3.224
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.168 3.232
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.12 3.28
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.275 3.3 3.325
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.267 3.333
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.217 3.383
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.573 3.6 3.627
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.564 3.636
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.510 3.690
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.771 3.8 3.829
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.762 3.838
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.705 3.895
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.97 4 4.03
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.96 4.04
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.9 4.1
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.664 4.7 4.735
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.653 4.747
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.582 4.817
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.813 4.85 4.887
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.801 4.899
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.729 4.971
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.962 5 5.038
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.950 5.050
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.875 5.125
ΔVOLine regulation VO(NOM) + 1 < VIN < 16 V, IO = 1 mA 0.003 0.014 %/V
TJ= -40 to 125°C 0.032
Electrical characteristics LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
8/23
IQ
Quiescent current
ON MODE
IO = 0 80 100
µA
IO = 0, TJ= -40 to 125°C 150
IO = 1 mA 100 150
IO = 1 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 200
IO = 25 mA 250 400
IO = 25 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 800
IO = 100 mA 1000 1300
IO = 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2600
OFF MODE VINH < 0.3 V 0.8
VINH < 0.15 V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2
VDROP Dropout voltage (1)
IO = 0 1 3
mV
IO = 0, TJ= -40 to 125°C 5
IO = 1mA 7 10
IO = 1mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 15
IO = 25mA 70 100
IO = 25mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 150
IO = 100mA 180 250
IO = 100mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 375
ISC Short circuit current RL = 0 150 mA
SVR Supply voltage rejection CO = 10µF, f = 1KHz 63 dB
VINH Inhibit input logic low LOW = Output OFF, TJ= -40 to 125°C 0.18 V
VINL Inhibit input logic high HIGH = Output ON, TJ= -40 to 125°C 1.6 V
IINH Inhibit input current VINH = 0V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 0 -1 µA
VINH = 5V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 5 15
eNOutput noise voltage BW = 300 Hz to 50 KHz, CO = 10µF 160 µVRMS
TSHDN Thermal shutdown 170 °C
1. For VO < 2.5 V dropout voltage can be calculated according to the minimum input voltage in full temperature range.
Table 5. Electrical characteristics for LD2981AB (continued) (TJ = 25 °C, VI = VO(NOM) +1 V, CI =
1 µF (X7R), CO = 2.2 µF (X7R), IO = 1 mA, VINH = 2 V, unless otherwise specified).
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Electrical characteristics
9/23
Table 6. Electrical characteristics for LD2981C (TJ = 25 °C, VI = VO(NOM) +1 V, CI = 1 µF (X7R),
CO = 2.2 µF (X7R), IO = 1 mA, VINH = 2 V, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VOP Operating input voltage 2.5 16 V
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 1.478 1.5 1.522
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 1.470 1.530
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 1.445 1.555
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 1.777 1.8 1.822
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 1.764 1.836
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 1.737 1.863
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.468 2.5 2.531
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.45 2.55
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.412 2.587
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.814 2.85 2.885
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.793 2.907
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.75 2.949
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 2.962 3 3.037
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 2.94 3.06
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2.895 3.105
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.16 3.2 3.24
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.136 3.264
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.088 3.312
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.258 3.3 3.341
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.234 3.366
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.184 3.415
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.555 3.6 3.645
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.528 3.672
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.474 3.726
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.752 3.8 3.847
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.724 3.876
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.667 3.933
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 3.95 4 4.05
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 3.92 4.08
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 3.86 4.14
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.641 4.7 4.758
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.606 4.794
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.535 4.864
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.789 4.85 4.91
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.753 4.947
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.68 5.019
Electrical characteristics LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
10/23
VOOutput voltage
IO = 1 mA 4.937 5 5.062
VIO = 1 to 100 mA 4.9 5.1
IO = 1 to 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 4.825 5.175
ΔVOLine regulation VO(NOM) + 1 < VIN < 16 V, IO = 1 mA 0.003 0.014 %/V
TJ= -40 to 125°C 0.032
IQ
Quiescent current
ON MODE
IO = 0 80 100
µA
IO = 0, TJ= -40 to 125°C 150
IO = 1 mA 100 150
IO = 1 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 200
IO = 25 mA 250 400
IO = 25 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 800
IO = 100 mA 1000 1300
IO = 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2600
OFF MODE VINH < 0.3 V 0.8
VINH < 0.15 V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 2
VDROP Dropout voltage (1)
IO = 0 1 3
mV
IO = 0, TJ= -40 to 125°C 5
IO = 1 mA 7 10
IO = 1 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 15
IO = 25 mA 70 100
IO = 25 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 150
IO = 100 mA 180 250
IO = 100 mA, TJ= -40 to 125°C 375
ISC Short circuit current RL = 0 150 mA
SVR Supply voltage rejection CO = 10µF, f = 1KHz 63 dB
VINH Inhibit input logic low LOW = Output OFF, TJ= -40 to 125°C 0.18 V
VINL Inhibit input logic high HIGH = Output ON, TJ= -40 to 125°C 1.6 V
IINH Inhibit input current VINH = 0V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 0 -1 µF
VINH = 5V, TJ= -40 to 125°C 5 15
eNOutput noise voltage BW = 300 Hz to 50 KHz, CO = 10µF 160 µVRMS
TSHDN Thermal shutdown 170 °C
1. For VO < 2.5 V dropout voltage can be calculated according to the minimum input voltage in full temperature range.
Table 6. Electrical characteristics for LD2981C (continued) (TJ = 25 °C, VI = VO(NOM) +1 V, CI = 1
µF (X7R), CO = 2.2 µF (X7R), IO = 1 mA, VINH = 2 V, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Typical performance characteristics
11/23
6 Typical performance characteristics
(TJ = 25 °C, VI = VO(NOM) +1 V, CI = 1 µF (X7R), CO = 2.2 µF (X7R), VINH = 2 V, unless
otherwise specified).
Figure 4. Output voltage vs temperature Figure 5. Dropout voltage vs temperature
Figure 6. Line regulation vs temperature Figure 7. Load regulation vs temperature
Figure 8. Dropout voltage vs temperature Figure 9. Quiescent current vs temperature
Typical performance characteristics LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
12/23
Figure 10. Quiescent current vs output
current
Figure 11. Off mode quiescent current vs
temperature
Figure 12. Quiescent current vs input voltage Figure 13. Dropout voltage vs output current
Figure 14. Inhibit input current vs temperature Figure 15. Inhibit voltage vs temperature
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Typical performance characteristics
13/23
Figure 16. Supply voltage rejection vs
frequency
Figure 17. Noise voltage vs frequency
Figure 18. Best case: highest output version Figure 19. Worst case: lowest output version
Figure 20. Load transient response Figure 21. Line transient response
VO = 4.7V, IO = 1 to 100mA, CO = 4.7µF (X7R)
VI = [VO(NOM) +1V], VO = 4.7V, IO = 100mA, CO = 4.7µF
(X7R)
Application notes LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
14/23
7 Application notes
7.1 External capacitors
Like any low-dropout regulator, the LD2981 requires external capacitors for regulator
stability. This capacitor must be selected to meet the requirements of minimum capacitance
and equivalent series resistance. We suggest to solder input and output capacitors as close
as possible to the relative pins.
7.2 Input capacitor
An input capacitor whose value is 1 µF is required with the LD2981 (amount of capacitance
can be increased without limit). This capacitor must be located a distance of not more than
0.5" from the input pin of the device and returned to a clean analog ground. Any good quality
ceramic, tantalum or film capacitors can be used for this capacitor.
7.3 Output capacitor
The LD2981 is designed specifically to work with ceramic output capacitors. It may also be
possible to use Tantalum capacitors, but these are not as attractive for reasons of size and
cost. By the way, the output capacitor must meet both the requirement for minimum amount
of capacitance and ESR (equivalent series resistance) value. The Figure 3 and Figure 4
show the allowable ESR range as a function of the output capacitance. These curves
represent the stability region over the full temperature and IO range. Due to the different loop
gain, the stability improves for higher output versions and so the suggested minimum output
capacitor value, if low ESR ceramic type is used, is 1 µF for output voltages equal or major
than 3.8 V, 2.2 µF for output voltages from 2.85 to 3.3 V, and 3.3 µF for the other versions.
However, if an output capacitor lower than the suggested one is used, it’s possible to make
stable the regulator adding a resistor in series to the capacitor (see Figure 1 and Figure 2 to
choose the right value according to the used version and keeping in account that the ESR of
ceramic capacitors has been measured @ 100 kHz).
7.4 Important
The output capacitor must maintain its ESR in the stable region over the full operating
temperature to assure stability. Also, capacitor tolerance and variation with temperature
must be considered to assure the minimum amount of capacitance is provided at all times.
This capacitor should be located not more than 0.5" from the output pin of the device and
returned to a clean analog ground.
7.5 Inhibit input operation
The inhibit pin can be used to turn OFF the regulator when pulled low, so drastically
reducing the current consumption down to less than 1 µA. When the inhibit feature is not
used, this pin must be tied to VI to keep the regulator output ON at all times. To assure
proper operation, the signal source used to drive the inhibit pin must be able to swing above
and below the specified thresholds listed in the electrical characteristics section under VIH
VIL. Any slew rate can be used to drive the inhibit.
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Application notes
15/23
7.6 Reverse current
The power transistor used in the LD2981 has not an inherent diode connected between the
regulator input and output. If the output is forced above the input, no current will flow from
the output to the input across the series pass transistor. When a VREV voltage is applied on
the output, the reverse current measured, according to the test circuit in Figure 22, flows to
the GND across the two feedback resistors. This current typical value is 160 µA. R1 and R2
resistors are implanted type; typical values are, respectively, 42.6 kΩ and 51.150 kΩ.
Figure 22. Reverse current test circuit
Package mechanical data LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
16/23
8 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Package mechanical data
17/23
Dim.
mm. mils.
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A 1.4 1.6 55.1 63.0
B 0.44 0.56 17.322.0
B1 0.36 0.4814.2 18.9
C0.35 0.44 13.817.3
C1 0.35 0.44 13.817.3
D 4.4 4.6 173.2 181.1
D1 1.62 1.83 63.872.0
E2.292.6 90.2 102.4
e 1.42 1.57 55.961.8
e1 2.923.07 115.0 120.9
H3.94 4.25 155.1 167.3
L0.89 1.2 35.0 47.2
SOT-89 mechanical data
P025H
Package mechanical data LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
18/23
Dim.
mm. mils.
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A0.90 1.45 35.4 57.1
A1 0.00 0.10 0.0 3.9
A2 0.90 1.3035.4 51.2
b0.35 0.50 13.7 19.7
C0.090.20 3.5 7.8
D2.803.00 110.2 118.1
E 1.50 1.75 59.0 68.8
e0.9537.4
H 2.60 3.00 102.3118.1
L 0.10 0.60 3.923.6
SOT23-5L mechanical data
7049676D
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Package mechanical data
19/23
Dim.
mm. inch.
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A180 7.086
C 12.813.0 13.2 0.504 0.512 0.519
D 20.2 0.795
N60 2.362
T 14.4 0.567
Ao 3.133.233.33 0.1230.127 0.131
Bo 3.07 3.17 3.27 0.120 0.124 0.128
Ko 1.27 1.37 1.47 0.050 0.054 0.0.58
Po 3.94.0 4.1 0.1530.157 0.161
P3.94.0 4.1 0.1530.157 0.161
Tape & reel SOT23-xL mechanical data
Package mechanical data LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
20/23
Dim.
mm. inch.
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A180 7.086
C 12.813.0 13.2 0.504 0.512 0.519
D 20.2 0.795
N60 2.362
T 14.4 0.567
Ao 4.70 4.80 4.90 0.185 0.189 0.193
Bo 4.30 4.40 4.50 0.1690.1730.177
Ko 1.70 1.80 1.90 0.067 0.071 0.075
Po 3.94.0 4.1 0.1530.157 0.161
P7.98.0 8.1 0.311 0.315 0.319
Tape & reel SOT-89 mechanical data
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx Order codes
21/23
9 Order codes
Table 7. Order codes
AB Version C Version
Output voltage
SOT23-5L SOT-89 SOT23-5L SOT-89
LD2981ABM25TR LD2981ABU25TR (1)
1. Available on request.
LD2981CU25TR (1) 2.5 V
LD2981ABM30TR LD2981ABU30TR (1) LD2981CM30TR LD2981CU30TR (1) 3.0 V
LD2981ABM33TR LD2981ABU33TR LD2981CM33TR LD2981CU33TR 3.3 V
LD2981ABM50TR LD2981ABU50TR LD2981CM50TR LD2981CU50TR 5.0 V
LD2981ABxx - LD2981Cxx
23/23
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