PIN DIODE COMMERCIAL TWO-WAY RADIO ANTENNA SWITCH DIODES Features Specified low distortion e Unitrode ruggedness and reliability * Low bias current requirements Priced for high quantity applications Description: Unitrode offers a series of PIN diodes spe- cifically designed and characterized for solid state antenna switches in commercial two- way radios. Antenna switches using the UM9401 and UM9415 series PIN diodes pro- vide high isolation, low loss and low distor- tion characteristics formerly possible only with electromechanicail relay type switches. The UM9401 and UM9402 diodes can handie above 100W of transmitter power, MAXIMUM RATINGS UM9401 SERIES UM9402 SERIES UM9415 SERIES while the UM9415 will handle over 1000W. The extensive characterization of these PIN diodes in antenna switch applications has resulted in guaranteed low distortion specifi- cations under transmit and _ receive conditions. These diodes also feature low forward bias resistance and high zero bias impedance which are required for tow loss, high isolation and wide bandwidth antenna switch performance. UM9401 UM9402 UM9415 Reverse Voltage (V2) Volts (i, = 10 pA) 50V 50V 50V Average Power Dissipation (Pa) Leads - %in. Overail to 25C 5.5W 10W Heat Sink 25C (Package Flange) Temperature _ 10W Free Air 1.5W 2.5W Operating and Storage Temperature Range 65C to +175C | 670 LW) UNITRODE Electrical Specifications (at 25C) UM9401 UM9402 UM9415 UM9401/UM9402 UM9415 Test Symbol] Min|Typ| Max |Min| Typ |Max |Units| Conditions Diode Resistance Rs 0.75] 1.0 0.75| 1.0 Q if = 100MHz typical |= 50mA Diode Capacitance Cy 1.1) 1.5 4 pF jf = 100 MHz V_= 0V Parallel Resistance Rp 5K | 10K 1K | 2K Q |f = 100 MHz V = 0V Carrier Lifetime T 1.0 | 2.0 5 uwS {| = 10mA Transmit Harmonic Distortion | Pea, Raa! 80 80 |-dB/P,, = 50W AA f = 50 MHz,! = 50mA Receive Third Order Distortion Rene 60 60 |-dB/P, = 10 mW, OV Bias A f, = 50 MHz, fg = 51 MHz Reverse Leakage Current la 10 10 | pA |V = 50V Forward Voltage Ve 1.0 1.0 V ile = 50mA TYPICAL FORWARD RESISTANCE vs FORWARD CURRENT (F = 100 MHz) 1000 Qo oS Rg - FORWARD RESISTANCE (82) = 3 oO 0.1 OKA 100 nA mA 10mA 100mA 1A Ip FORWARD CURRENT TYPICAL CAPACITANCE CHARACTERISTIC UM9415 = 50V VR =0V = 50V Cy CAPACITANCE (FD UM9401/UM9402 YOMHz 100MHz 1000MHz FREQUENCY UNITRODE CORPORATION + 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6809 + TELEX 95-1064 671 TYPICAL DC CHARACTERISTIC 1A 100mA. 1OmA lp - FORWARD CURRENT 3 > 100 WA 10nA 0 1000 3 3 Rp PARALLEL RESISTANCE (K{2} 3 UM9415 02 04 O6 UM9401/UM9402 OB 1.0 Vp ~ FORWARD VOLTAGE (VI TYPICAL Rp, CHARACTERISTICS UM9401/U Vr = 50V um9415 VR = FREQUENCY M9402 PRINTED IN U.S.A. nal P+ max Maximum Transmitter Powe UM9401 UM9402 UM9415 MAXIMUM TRANSMITTER POWER POWER RATING 8 25 Is mA mA 50 75 T, Lead Temperature (C) 100 125 450 P+ wax Maximum Transmitter Power (W) POWER RATING UM9415 UM9401/9402 16 14 , ~ L=%" = T > 2 r, 14 = = [L = Me 5 2 5 to VE "|N < L=%" o L EN B 0 UM8402 (6.35 mm) B _ a um9402 a Blea wes NO zs > YON = Lay" HEAT SINK z= 5 DQ SS & mm) L = %" (12.7 mm) : QQ a Ry oO s 4 SS P4 (15.875 mm) | PSS ao 2 2 L=*h 0 I 19.05 mm 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 %9 25 50 78 100 1250 180175 T, Lead Temperature (C) T, HEAT SINK TEMPERATURE (C) UM9415 UM9401/UM9402 > 2% = 50Q0=%,1L = % Z, = 50,L = %" (12.7 mm) = Z| =o = 1000 fey o= Ip = 200mA i Ip = 100mA Ip = SOMA 100 Ip = 20mA Ip = 10mA 10 126 7 50 75 100 150 T. Lead Temperature (C) UINITRODE CORPORATION * 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6509 TELEX 95-1064 PRINTED IN U.S.A. 672 Maximum Transmitter Power The maximum CW transmitter power, Primaxs @ PIN diode antenna switch can han- die depends on the diode resistance, Rg, power dissipation, Pp, antenna SWR, o, and nominal impedance, Z). The expression relating these parameters is as follows: Pp X Zo ( Ro o+ 1 P, = (max) 20 * [Watts] Characteristic curves are shown in the data section which give both the maximum and typical diode resistance, Rs as a function of forward current. The maximum power dissipation rating of the PIN diode depends both on the length of the diode leads and the temperature of the contacts to which the leads are connected. A graph defining the maximum power dissipation at various combinations of overall lead length (L) and lead temperature (T,) is given in the data section. From these curves and the above equation, the power handling capability of the PIN diode may be computed for a specific application. Curves are also presented which show the maximum transmitter power that an antenna DC SUPPLY UM9401 UM9402 UM9415 switch using UM9401s and UM9415s can safely handle for various forward currents and lead temperatures. These curves are based on a typical design condition of a 2 in. total overall lead length, 509 line impedance and a totally mismatched antenna (o = ). For the case of a perfectly matched antenna, the maximum transmitter power can be increased by a factor of 4. Design Information A circuit configuration for a two-way radio antenna switch using PIN diodes consists of a diode placed in series with the transmitter and a shunt diode placed a quarter wave- length from the antenna in the direction of the receiver as shown. For low frequency operation, the quarter wave line may be simulated by lumped elements. Typical per- formance of antenna switches using PIN diodes forward biased at 100 mA is less than 0.2 dB insertion loss and 30 dB isolation during transmit; at zero bias the receive insertion loss is less than 0.3 dB. This perfor- mance is achievable across a +20% band- width at center frequencies ranging from 10 to 500 MHz. WV ANTENNA pa - )\ /4. ey DCB D4 TRANSMITTER DC SUPPLY TRANSMITTER yo D2 RECEIVER L = Z,/2nto C = 1/2rfgZ5 L DCB D2 RECEIVER UNITRODE CORPORATION + 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 + TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6509 * TELEX 95-1064 PRINTED INUS A XII UM9401 UM9402 UM9415 Dimensions: inches (millimeters) umg9401 um9402 .128 (3.25) .020 {.51) .122 (9.10) $ Min. . .055 YELLOW CATHODE BAND 40) CATHODE Dia. 029 (.74} 090 (2.29) Dia. max max. 027 (.71) + .055 Dia. max + Dia. (1.40) .090 (2.29) i C30 Dia. tr + max 975 975 7 (24.8) #}e- .250 Max.fe (24.8) le .142 Min. (6.35) Min. .130 (3.61) 012 (.30) (3.30) .010 (.25) UM9415 YELLOW CATHODE BAND .041 (1.04) 1.30 Dia. max .039 (.99) (3.30) Dia. 4. _ walhpersareee +. - amarante +> YT Soe + - 1 ~ 97> .300 975 Min. Max. Min. (24.8) 7.62) (24.8) 674