DATA SHEET Introduction and Applications for Coaxial Resonators and Inductors (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Features Frequency tuned to 0.5% and 1% High dielectric constant Rugged construction Low loss silver Act as parallel resonant circuit or a high quality inductor Benefits Circuit miniaturization Eliminate microphonics Repeatability of design Negligible aging effects Excellent solderability Improved circuit Q High resonant impedance Automation compatible Typical Applications Low phase noise VCOs DRO/VCO oscillators Narrow band filters Nationwide pagers Duplexers Global positioning systems UHF tuned potential amplifiers Wireless communications Tuned oscillators Introduction Trans-Tech Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc., offers ceramic coaxial line elements in seven sizes and four dielectric constants to span applications from 300 MHz to 6 GHz. The VHF/UHF frequency bands are traditionally awkward for realizing discrete inductors and capacitors. Metallized ceramics provide an attractive alternative, since the wireless communication market now forces a continuous trade-off between performance and miniaturization. Trans-Tech ceramic solution offers advantages of high Q, reduced size, better shielding, and temperature performance superior to that obtainable from conventional L-C circuits or microstrip construction. Two types of coaxial resonators are offered by Trans-Tech, a quarter-wave short (/4) and a half-wave open (/2). The quarter-wave has thick-film silver applied to one end. The half-wave has both ends unmetallized. Trans-Tech four dielectric materials are briefly summarized in Figure 1.1 along with their recommended frequencies of use. The Material Properties Chart (Figure 1.2) can be used to determine the optimum material necessary for an application. Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 1 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Figure 1.1 Material Selection Chart 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Quality Factor (Q) Specification -- 1000 & 2000 The quality factors for various resonator profiles are shown in in the following charts. The resonators are grouped by wavelength type (/4 & /2), material (1000 & 2000), and profile (HP, EQ, SP, LS, MP, SM). The listed Q value on each curve is the value guaranteed for the lowest operating frequency of each component type. The Q increases approximately as the square root of increasing frequency. Typical Qs are 10% to 15% higher. 6.0 9000 8800 2000 1000 Series Q Curves 1000 800 Frequency (GHz) 700 600 Figure 1.2 Material Properties 500 1000 Dielectric constant 2000 10.5 0.5 20.6 1.0 Temperature coefficient of resonant frequency F (ppm C) 0 10 0 10 Q Material Type 400 8800 9000 39 1.5 90 3 300 +4 2 0 10 200 HP EP LP LS SP MP SM 100 0 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 Properties given for the ceramic materials used to produce the coaxial line elements are measured for internal quality control purposes. The electrical quality factor (Q) of the coaxial line elements is determined primarily by the metallization. Typical properties of the coaxial line elements are listed in the Coaxial Resonator Quality Factor Specifications tables. Frequency D1000 Quarter-Wave Q Curves 1000 900 800 HP 700 EP Q 600 SP 500 LS 400 300 200 LP MP SM 100 0 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 Frequency D1000 Half-Wave Q Curves Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 2 October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) 2000 Series Q Curves Quality Factor (Q) Specification -- 8800 & 9000 The specified quality factors of the various resonator components offered are shown in the following charts. The resonators are grouped by wavelength type (/4 & /2), material (8800 & 9000), and profile (HP, EP, SP, LP, LS, MP, SM). The listed Q value on each curve is the minimum value for the lowest operating frequency of each component type. The Q increases approximately as the square root of increasing frequency. Typical Qs are 10% to 15% higher. 1200 1000 HP Q 800 EP 600 LS LP SP 400 MP 200 8800 Series Q Curves SM 0 500 1000 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 900 Frequency 800 D2000 Quarter Wave Q Curves 700 HP EP Q 600 1200 SP 500 LS 400 HP 1000 300 LP MP 200 EP 0 SP 600 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 LS 400 LP Frequency MP D8800 Quarter Wave Q Curves SM 200 0 1000 SM 100 1200 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 1000 Frequency HP D2000 Half-Wave Q Curves 800 EP Q Q 800 LS 600 SP LP 400 MP SM 200 0 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 Frequency D8800 Half-Wave Q Curves Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 3 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Dimensions & Configurations 9000 Series Q Curves Trans-Tech coaxial resonator components are available in the frequency range of 300 MHz to 6 GHz. Seven mechanical profiles are offered to give the designer the greatest flexibility in selecting the electrical quality factor (Q). The high profile (HP) has the highest Q and size. The enhanced Q profile (EP) offers a high Q and wide frequency offering. The standard profile (SP) offers a compromise of electrical Q and size, and should be considered the component of choice for most applications. 700 600 HP Q 500 EP 400 LP LS SP 300 MP 200 SM 100 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Frequency D9000 Quarter Wave Q Curves 800 700 These components are available in square configurations with dimensions shown in Figure 1.3a-1.3g. HP 600 Q 500 EP SP 0.015R 0.005 LS 400 300 Trans-Tech offers four smaller profiles for occasions when available space is restricted. The low profile (LP), large profile (LS), miniature profile (MP), and sub-miniature profile (SM) provide the designer with a trade-off between electrical Q and compact size. Trans-Tech low profile (LP) and large profile (LS) both have the same outer physical dimensions. They differ in the dimension of the inner diameter, which allows for different characteristic impedances, and increases the options available to designers. Overall comparisons can be determined from the given Q curves or by utilizing Trans-Tech COAX Program. LP 0.032 0.003 MP L 200 SM 100 0.080 0.003 0 600 1100 1600 2100 2600 3100 Frequency D9000 Half-Wave Q Curves 0.020 0.080 0.003 0.060 Figure 1.3a. SM - Sub-Miniature Profile (2 mm) Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 4 October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) 0.040R 0.015 0.015R 0.005 0.032 0.003 0 .095 0.004 L L 0.237 + 0.004 0.119 0.004 0.020 0.119 0. 004 0.056 0.237 + 0.004 0.060 0.106 Figure 1.3e. SP - Standard Profile (6 mm) Figure 1.3b. MP - Miniature Profile (3 mm) 0.040R 0.015 0.040R 0.015 0.038 0.003 0.101 0.004 L L 0.316 0.005 0.155 0.004 0.044 0.316 0.005 0.047 0.155 0.004 0.110 0.089 Figure 1.3f. EP - Enhanced Q Profile (8 mm) Figure 1.3c. LP - Low Profile (4 mm) 0.060R 0.015 0.040R 0.015 0.062 0.004 0.131 0.004 L L 0.476 0.005 0.155 0.004 0.155 0.004 0.045 0.089 Figure 1.3d. LS - Large Diameter (4 mm) 0.476 0.005 0.075 0.134 Figure 1.3g. HP - High Profile (12 mm) Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 5 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Ceramic Coaxial Resonators* The various profiles, materials and types available for the TransTech coaxial TEM mode resonators are summarized in the following charts. You have a choice of two types, four materials and seven profiles. This range of component variables should meet most circuit design requirements. While the component is manufactured to frequency, a formula is given so that the approximate length can be determined. The selected resonant frequency is available with two standard frequency tolerances of 0.5% and 1.0%. The minimum tolerance is 2 MHz. Please note that the ordered value of fO will be set according to our measurement procedure. The fO in your circuit may vary due to stray reactance. This offset can be corrected by changing the ordered value of fO. Recommended Frequencies 1000 Series (R = 10.5 0.5, TF = 0 10) Type Profile Recommended Range fO (MHz) Nominal Length (in.) 0.030 in. Nominal Length Range (in.) Characteristic ) Impedance ( /4 Quarter wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 800-1150 1150-2500 1150-3100 1150-4600 1150-4100 1150-5100 1150-5100 L = 911/fO (MHz) 0.506-0.792 0.364-0.792 0.294-0.792 0.198-0.792 0.222-0.792 0.179-0.792 0.179-0.792 25.3 22.5 18.3 18.4 27.4 25.7 18.4 /2 Half wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 2300-3400 2300-5000 2300-6000 2300-6000 2300-6000 2300-6000 2300-6000 L = 1821/fO (MHz) 0.536-0.792 0.364-0.792 0.304-0.792 0.304-0.792 0.304-0.792 0.304-0.792 0.304-0.792 25.3 22.5 18.3 18.4 27.4 25.7 18.4 Recommended Frequencies 2000 Series (R = 20.6 1, TF = 0 10) Type Profile Recommended Range fO (MHz) Nominal Length (in.) 0.030 in. Nominal Length Range (in.) Characteristic ) Impedance ( /4 Quarter wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 800-1200 800-1700 800-2200 800-3200 800-2900 800-3600 800-3600 L = 650/fO (MHz) 0.542-0.813 0.382-0.813 0.296-0.813 0.203-0.813 0.224-0.813 0.181-0.813 0.181-0.813 18.1 16.1 13.1 13.1 19.6 18.4 13.1 /2 Half wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 1600-2500 1600-3500 1600-4500 1600-6000 1600-6000 1600-6000 1600-6000 L = 1300/fO (MHz) 0.520-0.813 0.372-0.813 0.289-0.813 0.217-0.813 0.217-0.813 0.217-0.813 0.217-0.813 18.1 16.1 13.1 13.1 19.6 18.4 13.1 Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 6 October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Recommended Frequencies 8800 Series (R = 39 1.5, TF = 4 2) Type Profile Recommended Range fO (MHz) Nominal Length (in.) 0.030 in. Nominal Length Range (in.) Characteristic ) Impedance ( /4 Quarter wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 600-900 600-1200 600-1600 600-2300 600-2100 600-2600 600-2600 L = 472/fO (MHz) 0.525-0.787 0.394-0.787 0.295-0.787 0.205-0.787 0.225-0.787 0.182-0.787 0.182-0.787 13.1 11.7 9.5 9.5 14.2 13.3 9.5 /2 Half wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 1200-1900 1200-2500 1200-3200 1200-4700 1200-4300 1200-5200 1200-5200 L = 945/fO (MHz) 0.497-0.787 0.378-0.787 0.295-0.787 0.201-0.787 0.220-0.787 0.182-0.787 0.182-0.787 13.1 11.7 9.5 9.5 14.2 13.3 9.5 Recommended Frequencies 9000 Series (R = 90 3, TF = 0 10) Type Profile Recommended Range fO (MHz) Nominal Length (in.) 0.030 in. Nominal Length Range (in.) Characteristic ) Impedance ( /4 Quarter wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 400-600 300-800 300-1000 300-1500 300-1400 400-1700 400-1700 L = 311/fO (MHz) 0.518-0.778 0.389-1.037 0.311-1.037 0.207-1.037 0.222-1.037 0.183-0.778 0.183-0.778 8.6 7.7 6.3 6.3 9.4 8.8 6.3 /2 Half wave length HP EP SP LS LP MP SM 800-1200 800-1700 800-2100 800-3100 800-2800 800-3400 800-3400 L = 622/fO (MHz) 0.518-0.778 0.366-0.778 0.296-0.778 0.201-0.778 0.222-0.778 0.183-0.778 0.183-0.778 8.6 7.7 6.3 6.3 9.4 8.8 6.3 Coaxial Resonator Order Information An Order Example SR 8800 SP Q 1300 B Y E Green, lead (Pb)-free, RoHS-compliant, conform to the EIA/EICTA/JEITA Joint Industry Guide (JIG) Level A guidelines, and are free from antimony trioxide and brominated flame retardants. Tab: Y = Yes, N = No Frequency Tolerance: B = +1.0%, A = 0.5% Resonant Frequency: State in MHz Type: Q for /4, H for /2 Profile: HP, EP, SP, LP, LS, MP, SM Material: 8800, 9000, 1000, 2000 Product Code: SR - square coaxial resonator Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 7 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Trans-Tech coaxial inductors are most frequently used in the resonant circuit of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), where a varactor provides the tuning capability. The designer is usually confronted with trade-offs between high Q for best phase noise and component size versus circuit board real estate. An algorithm for selecting the correct Trans-Tech part follows. In addition, Trans-Tech COAX Program can provide valuable assistance for determining the correct Trans-Tech part. Application notes and references give example circuits, basic principles, and some helpful hints. While there is no physical distinction between a coaxial resonator and a coaxial inductor, the selection of an inductor for a VCO begins by first knowing (from analysis or experiment) the equivalent inductance that the active circuit, including the varactor, must see. In general, the VCO active circuit loads the resonator, lowering the resonator's self-resonant frequency (SRF). The situation is analogous to externally capacitively loading a discrete parallel resonant L-C circuit. Values of inductance that can be achieved depend upon the separation between the VCO frequency and the SRF of the coaxial line element. Values less than 1 nH are not practical since the metal connection tab itself has an equivalent inductance of this order. In our experience, equivalent inductances in the range of 3-20 nH have been popular among designers of VCOs for wireless equipment. Call for availability, utilize the Inductor Selection Guide, use the COAX Program, or refer to the application notes for assistance with ordering the correct part. Inductance Ceramic Coaxial Inductors* While there is an approximate equivalent L-C circuit for the coaxial resonator close to resonance, this model has limited application. Fu The coaxial resonators and inductors are more accurately modeled as a transmission line. Our application notes and references delve further into this topic. Figure 1. Frequency of Use vs. Inductance Coaxial Inductor Order Information An Order Example SI 8800 LP Q 0450 Y 6.3 Inductance: (see Figure 1) Available in 0.01 nH increments Tab: Y = Yes, N = No Frequency of Use (Fu): (see Figure 1 for definition) Type: Q for /4 standard Profile: HP, EP, SP, LP, LS, MP, SM Material: 1000, 2000, 8800, 9000 Product Code: SI - square coaxial inductor Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 8 SRF Frequency October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Coax Line Properties vs. Profile and Material Profile 1000 2000 8800 9000 Tab Inductors HP 25.3 18.1 13.1 8.6 1.8 nH EP 22.5 16.1 11.7 7.7 1.0 nH SP 18.3 13.1 9.5 6.3 1.0 nH LS 18.4 13.1 9.5 6.3 0.9 nH LP 27.4 19.6 14.2 9.4 1.0 nH SP 25.7 18.4 13.3 8.8 0.6 nH SM 18.4 13.1 9.5 6.3 0.6 nH Wavelength (g) in Dielectric Material R Wavelength Formula for G (inches) 1000 10.5 0.5 3642 / fO 2000 20.6 1.0 2601 / fO 8800 39.0 1.5 1890 / fO 9000 90.0 3.0 1244 / fO Figure 2. Inductor Selection Guide 1) Select one of Trans-Tech four dielectric materials. 2) Determine the VCOs operating frequency (fVCO). 3) Determine the desired inductance or circuit impedance (ZIN). Note: Convert inductances to impedances by using: ZIN = 2* * fVCO * LIN 4) Calculate the effect of the tab. Tab inductances are given in Figure 9. Use the formula (ZIN = 2* * fVCO * LTAB ) to convert the tab inductances to impedances. 5) Determine the input impedance by subtracting off the effect of the tab using: ZINPUT = ZIN - ZTAB 6) Calculate the wavelength (G) of the part in the dielectric (see Figure 2 for appropriate formula). 7) Determine the characteristic impedance (ZO) of the part (see Figure 3) 8) Calculate the physical length of the part using the formula: l = (G /2 * ) tan-1 (ZINPUT/ZO) inches 9) Determine the SRF of this part using: SRF = (G * fVCO) / (4 * l) MHz 10) Check the Recommended Frequency Chart for the appropriate material to ensure a valid part. Measurement Description of Q, fO, and L Evaluation of Q (quality factor) and fO (resonant frequency) of coaxial components is made with a one-port reflection measurement on a network analyzer. The probe is moved into the inner diameter (ID) of the device until the input resistance of the device matches the terminal resistance of the network analyzer. This is indicated by a 50 circle on the Smith Chart display and is known as "critical" coupling. The point on this circle where the response is purely resistive (capacitance reactance equals inductive reactance) is the point of resonance and will be defined by a complex impedance of Z = 50 + j . The Q is computed by observing the frequency span between VSWR-2.616 (Z = 50 j50 ) on either side of fO. The Q is defined as fO/f. The inductance parameter (L) is measured with an APC 7 mm connector mounted flush with a conducting plane and a full oneport calibration (open, short, broadband 50 load) is performed. The inductor is then clamped into place with the tab touching the inner conductor and the metallized body touching the grounding plane. The inductance (L) is measured at the frequency of use. The impedance vector on the Smith Chart of an ANA gives the necessary information where Z = R + jwL. Characteristic Impedance As shown in Figure 3, the characteristic impedance (ZO) of the coaxial TEM mode components is a function of the profile dimensions and the dielectric constant of the material. ZO is reduced over its air line value by the square root of the dielectric constant of the material. At one-eighth wavelength, the short-circuit line exhibits an inductive reactance while the open-circuit line exhibits a capacitive reactance equal in magnitude to ZO. ZO = character impedance = 60 n 1.079 W d R where: w = width of resonator d = diameter of inner conductor R = dielectric constant Profile 1000 2000 8800 9000 HP 25.3 18.1 13.1 8.6 EP 22.5 16.1 11.7 7.7 SP 18.3 13.1 9.5 6.3 LS 18.4 13.1 9.5 6.3 LP 27.4 19.6 14.2 9.4 MP 25.7 18.4 13.3 8.8 SM 18.4 13.1 9.5 6.3 Figure 3. Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 9 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Ceramic Coaxial Inductors Soldering Conditions Trans-Tech coaxial components are compatible with standard surface mount reflow and wave soldering methods. The HP profile components may require mechanical support mounting because of the larger size. Consult the factory for details. Use silver-bearing solder such as SN62 (62Sn-36Pb-2Ag). TransTech tabs are pretinned to improve solderability. Additional attaching methods include hot air gun, infrared source, soldering iron, hot plate, vapor phase and others. The coaxial component body is a ceramic and subject to thermal shock if heated or cooled too rapidly. Figure 4 is the recommended soldering profile, not to exceed 230 C for a duration of about 10 seconds. Repeatable results can be best achieved with air cooling only, not quenching. Temperature (C) 300 200 100 100 200 300 Time (seconds) Figure 5 indicates the maximum tolerance of the component planarity with respect to the datum plane. Figure 4. Soldering Profile Equation (1) Input Impedance fO i 2O ZINPUT = ZO tan 4 SRF where: fO = use frequency DATUM Equation (2) Resonant Frequency c = 4 SRF R 0 + .005 Figure 5. Surface Mount Tolerance for Components with Tabs where: c = speed of light R = 39.0 8800 material 90.0 9000 material 10.5 1000 material 20.6 2000 material Packaging Tape and reel packaging is available. Consult the factory for Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 10 October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Ceramic Coaxial Inductors Packaging Tape and reel packaging is available. Consult the factory for details. DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 0.015 Typ. Notes: 1. Dimension "L" is length which depends on frequency. Key: = Solder over metallic mounting pad = Solder mask over metallic mounting pad = Exposed metallic mounting pad 0.010 Typ. 0.005 Typ. 0.237 DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 0.005 Typ. 0.055 0.030 0.051 Gold Pad Outline 0.060 0.080 0.010 0.177 6 mm (SP) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions 0.055 Gold Pad Outline 0.067 0.020 0.055 0.015 Typ. 2 mm (5 m) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 0.005 Typ. 0.010 Typ. DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 0.318 0.255 0.055 0.005 Typ. 0.083 0.119 0.099 0.055 0.010 Gold Pad Outline 0.031 Gold Pad Outline 0.039 8 mm (EP) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions 0.020 0.055 DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 3 mm (MP) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions 0.015 Typ. 0.005 Typ. DIM 'L' (See Note 1) 0.015 Typ. 0.005 Typ. 0.476 0.376 0.055 0.083 0.155 0.095 0.055 0.050 Typ. 0.042 0.030 Gold Pad Outline 4 mm (LP/LS) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions 0.067 0.070 Gold Pad Outline 12 mm (HP) Coaxial Resonator Footpad Dimensions Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. * October 2, 2007 11 DATA SHEET * INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS FOR COAXIAL RESONATORS AND INDUCTORS (300 MHz-6.0 GHz) Copyright (c) 2006, 2007, Trans-Tech Inc., Inc. All Rights Reserved. Information in this document is provided in connection with Trans-Tech, Inc. ("Trans-Tech"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions, Inc. These materials, including the information contained herein, are provided by Trans-Tech as a service to its customers and may be used for informational purposes only by the customer. Trans-Tech assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in these materials or the information contained herein. Trans-Tech may change its documentation, products, services, specifications or product descriptions at any time, without notice. Trans-Tech makes no commitment to update the materials or information and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts, incompatibilities, or other difficulties arising from any future changes. No license, whether express, implied, by estoppel or otherwise, is granted to any intellectual property rights by this document. Trans-Tech assumes no liability for any materials, products or information provided hereunder, including the sale, distribution, reproduction or use of Trans-Tech products, information or materials, except as may be provided in Trans-Tech Terms and Conditions of Sale. THE MATERIALS, PRODUCTS AND INFORMATION ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, MERCHANTABILITY, PERFORMANCE, QUALITY OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT; ALL SUCH WARRANTIES ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. TRANS-TECH DOES NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE INFORMATION, TEXT, GRAPHICS OR OTHER ITEMS CONTAINED WITHIN THESE MATERIALS. TRANS-TECH SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, STATUTORY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST REVENUES OR LOST PROFITS THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE USE OF THE MATERIALS OR INFORMATION, WHETHER OR NOT THE RECIPIENT OF MATERIALS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Trans-Tech products are not intended for use in medical, lifesaving or life-sustaining applications, or other equipment in which the failure of the Trans-Tech products could lead to personal injury, death, physical or environmental damage. Trans-Tech customers using or selling Trans-Tech products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Trans-Tech for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using Trans-Tech products, which may deviate from published specifications as a result of design defects, errors, or operation of products outside of published parameters or design specifications. Customers should include design and operating safeguards to minimize these and other risks. Trans-Tech assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, or damage to any equipment resulting from the use of Trans-Tech products outside of stated published specifications or parameters. Phone [301] 695-9400 * Fax [301] 695-7065 * transtech@skyworksinc.com * www.trans-techinc.com 12 October 2, 2007 * Trans-Tech Proprietary Information * Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice.