AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 1©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC 2015,
1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
AR0230CS Datasheet, Rev. 8
For the latest datasheet, please visit www.onsemi.com
Features
Superior low-light performance
Latest 3.0 m pixel with ON Semiconductor
DR-Pix™ technology with Dual Conversion Gain
Full HD support at up to 1080P 60 fps for superior
video performance
Linear or high dynamic range capture
Optional adaptive local tone mapping (ALTM)
Pixel or Line interleaved T1/T2 output
Support for external mechanical shutter
On-chip phase-locked loop (PLL) oscillator
Integrated position-based color and lens shading
correction
Slave mode for precise frame-rate control
Stereo/3D camera support
Statistics engine
Data interfaces: four-lane serial high-speed pixel
interface (HiSPi) differential signaling (SLVS and
HiVCM), or parallel
Auto black level calibration
High-speed configurable context switching
•Temperature sensor
Applications
Video surveillance
1080p60 (Surveillance) video applications
High dynamic range imaging
General Description
ON Semiconductor's AR0230CS is a 1/2.7-inch CMOS
digital image sensor with an active-pixel array of
1928Hx1088V. It captures images in either linear or
high dynamic range modes, with a rolling-shutter
readout. It includes sophisticated camera functions
such as in-pixel binning, windowing and both video
and single frame modes. It is designed for both low
light and high dynamic range scene performance. It is
programmable through a simple two-wire serial inter-
face. The AR0230CS produces extraordinarily clear,
sharp digital pictures, and its ability to capture both
continuous video and single frames makes it the per-
fect choice for a wide range of applications, including
surveillance and HD video.
Table 1: Key Parameters
Parameter Typical Value
Optical format 1/2.7-inch (6.6 mm)
Active pixels 1928(H) x 1088(V) (16:9 mode)
Pixel size 3.0 m x 3.0m
Color filter array RGB Bayer
Shutter type Electronic rolling shutter and GRR
Input clock range 6 – 48 MHz
Output clock
maximum
148.5 Mp/s (4-lane HiSPi)
74.25 Mp/s (Parallel)
Output Serial HiSPi 10-, 12-, 14-, 16-, or 20-bit
Parallel 10-, 12-bit
Frame
rate 1080p 60 fps
Responsivity 4.0 V/lux-sec
SNRMAX 41 dB
Max Dynamic range Up to 96 dB
Supply
voltage
I/O 1.8 or 2.8 V
Digital 1.8 V
Analog 2.8 V
HiSPi 0.3 V - 0.6 V (SLVS), 1.7 V - 1.9 V (HiVcm)
Power consumption
(typical)
386 mW (Linear, 1080p30, 25C, parallel
output)
558 mW (HDR, 1080p30, 25C, parallel
output)
Operating
temperature –30°C to +85°C ambient
Package options 10x10 mm 80-pin iBGA
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 2©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Ordering Information
Ordering Information
See the ON Semiconductor Device Nomenclature document (TND310/D) for a full
description of the naming convention used for image sensors. For reference documenta-
tion, including information on evaluation kits, please visit our web site at
www.onsemi.com.
Table 2: Available Part Numbers
Part Number Product Description Orderable Product Attribute Description
AR0230CSSC00SUEA0-DRBR 2 Mp 1/3" CIS RGB, 0deg CRA, iBGA Package Drypack, Anti-Reflective Glass
AR0230CSSC00SUEAD3-GEVK RGB, 0deg CRA, Demo Kit Demo Kit
AR0230CSSC00SUEAH3-GEVB RGB, 0deg CRA, Headboard Headboard
AR0230CSSC12SUEA0-DR 2 Mp 1/3" CIS RGB, 12deg CRA, iBGA Package Drypack
AR0230CSSC12SUEAD3-GEVK RGB, 12deg CRA, Demo Kit Demo Kit
AR0230CSSC12SUEAH3-GEVB RGB, 12deg CRA, Headboard Headboard
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 3©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Functional Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Pixel Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Features Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Package Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Revision History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 4©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1: Block Diagram of AR0230CS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 2: Typical Configuration: Serial Four-Lane HiSPi Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 3: Typical Configuration: Parallel Pixel Data Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Figure 4: 80-Ball IBGA Package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Figure 5: Pixel Array Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Figure 6: Pixel Color Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Figure 7: Imaging a Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Figure 8: Quantum Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Figure 9: Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Figure 10: I/O Timing Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Figure 11: Power Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Figure 12: Power Down. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Figure 13: 80iBGA 10 x 10 Package Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 5©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1: Key Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Table 2: Available Part Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Table 3: Pin Descriptions, 80-ball iBGA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Table 4: List of Configurable Registers for Context A and Context B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Table 5: Two-Wire Serial Bus Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Table 6: I/O Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Table 7: DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Table 8: Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Table 9: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 2.8V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Table 10: 1080p30 Linear 74MHz Parallel 2.8V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Table 11: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 1.8V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Table 12: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz Parallel 1.8V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Table 13: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS (Low Power Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Table 14: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Table 15: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm (Low Power Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Table 16: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Table 17: Line Interleaved HiSPi SLVS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Table 18: Line Interleaved HiSPi HiVcm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Table 19: Channel Skew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Table 20: Power-Up Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Table 21: Power-Down Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 6©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
General Description
General Description
The ON Semiconductor AR0230CS can be operated in its default mode or programmed
for frame size, exposure, gain, and other parameters. The default mode output is a
1080p-resolution image at 60 frames per second (fps) through the HiSPi port. In linear
mode, it outputs 12-bit or 10-bit A-Law compressed raw data, using either the parallel or
serial (HiSPi) output ports. In high dynamic range mode, it outputs 12-bit compressed
data using parallel output. In HiSPi mode, 12- or 14-bit compressed, or 16-bit linearized
data may be output. The device may be operated in video (master) mode or in single
frame trigger mode.
FRAME_VALID and LINE_VALID signals are output on dedicated pins, along with a
synchronized pixel clock in parallel mode.
The AR0230CS includes additional features to allow application-specific tuning:
windowing and offset, auto black level correction, and on-board temperature sensor.
Optional register information and histogram statistic information can be embedded in
the first and last 2 lines of the image frame.
The AR0230CS is designed to operate over a wide temperature range of -30°C to +85°C
ambient.
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 7©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
Functional Overview
The AR0230CS is a progressive-scan sensor that generates a stream of pixel data at a
constant frame rate. It uses an on-chip, phase-locked loop (PLL) that can be optionally
enabled to generate all internal clocks from a single master input clock running between
6 and 48 MHz. The maximum output pixel rate is 148.5 Mp/s, corresponding to a clock
rate of 74.25 MHz. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the sensor configured in linear
mode, and in HDR mode.
Figure 1: Block Diagram of AR0230CS
User interaction with the sensor is through the two-wire serial bus, which communi-
cates with the array control, analog signal chain, and digital signal chain. The core of the
sensor is a 2.1 Mp Active- Pixel Sensor array. The timing and control circuitry sequences
through the rows of the array, resetting and then reading each row in turn. In the time
interval between resetting a row and reading that row, the pixels in the row integrate
incident light. The exposure is controlled by varying the time interval between reset and
readout. Once a row has been read, the data from the columns is sequenced through an
analog signal chain (providing offset correction and gain), and then through an analog-
to-digital converter (ADC). The output from the ADC is a 12-bit value for each pixel in
the array. The ADC output passes through a digital processing signal chain (which
provides further data path corrections and applies digital gain). The sensor also offers a
Row Noise Correction
Black Level Correction
Test Pattern Generator
Pixel Defect Correction
Adaptive CD Filter
Digital Gain and Pedestal
A-Law Compression
Parallel
HiSPi
12 bits
10 bits
12
12
ADC Data
HDR Linearization
Smoothing Filter
Digital Gain and Pedestal
Companding or ALTM
Parallel HiSPi
12 bits
16
14 or 12 bits
16 bits
Row Noise Correction
Black Level Correction
Test Pattern Generator
Pixel Defect Correction
Adaptive CD Filter
Motion Correction
12
12
ADC Data
HDR Linearization
In Linear Mode In HDR Mode
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 8©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
high dynamic range mode of operation where multiple images are combined on-chip to
produce a single image at 16-bit per pixel value. A compression mode is further offered
to allow the 16 bits per pixel to be transmitted to the host system as a 12-bit value with
close to zero loss in image quality.
Figure 2: Typical Configuration: Serial Four-Lane HiSPi Interface
Notes: 1. All power supplies must be adequately decoupled.
2. ON Semiconductor recommends a resistor value of 1.5k, but a greater value may be used for
slower two-wire speed.
3. The parallel interface output pads can be left unconnected if the serial output interface is used.
4. ON Semiconductor recommends that 0.1F and 10F decoupling capacitors for each power supply
are mounted as close as possible to the pad. Actual values and results may vary depending on lay-
out and design considerations. Refer to the AR0230CS demo headboard schematics for circuit rec-
ommendations.
5. ON Semiconductor recommends that analog power planes are placed in a manner such that cou-
pling with the digital power planes is minimized.
6. I/O signals voltage must be configured to match VDD_IO voltage to minimize any leakage currents.
VDD_IO VDD_SLVS VDD_PLLVDD VAA
VDD VAA VAA_PIX
Master clock
(6–48 MHz)
SDATA
SCLK
RESET_BAR
TEST
EXTCLK
DGND AGND
Digital
ground
Analog
ground
Digital
Core
power1
HiSPi
power1
Analog
power1
To
controller
From
controller
VDD_IO VDD_PLL
PLL
power1
Digital
I/O
power1
1.5kΩ
2
1.5kΩ
2
Analog
power1
VAA_PIX
SLVSC_N
SLVSC_P
SLVS0_P
SLVS0_N
SLVS1_P
SLVS1_N
SLVS2_P
SLVS2_N
SLVS3_P
SLVS3_N
VDD_SLVS
TRIGGER
OE_BAR
SADDR
SHUTTER
FLASH
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 9©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
Figure 3: Typical Configuration: Parallel Pixel Data Interface
Notes: 1. All power supplies must be adequately decoupled.
2. ON Semiconductor recommends a resistor value of 1.5k, but a greater value may be used for
slower two-wire speed.
3. The serial interface output pads and VDDSLVS can be left unconnected if the parallel output inter-
face is used.
4. ON Semiconductor recommends that 0.1F and 10F decoupling capacitors for each power supply
are mounted as close as possible to the pad. Actual values and results may vary depending on lay-
out and design considerations. Refer to the AR0230CS demo headboard schematics for circuit rec-
ommendations.
5. ON Semiconductor recommends that analog power planes are placed in a manner such that cou-
pling with the digital power planes is minimized.
6. I/O signals voltage must be configured to match VDD_IO voltage to minimize any leakage currents.
7. The EXTCLK input is limited to 6-48 MHz.
V
DD
Master clock
(6-48 MHz)
S
DATA
SCLK
TEST
FRAME_VALID
D
OUT
[11:0]EXTCLK
D
GND
Digital
ground
Analog
ground
Digital
core
power
1
To
controller
From
Controller
LINE_VALID
PIXCLK
RESET_BAR
V
DD
_IO
Digital
I/O
power
1
1.5kΩ
2
1.5kΩ
2,
V
AA
V
AA
_PIX
Analog
power
1
VDD_PLL
PLL
power
1
Analog
power
1
V
AA
_PIX
V
DD
_IO VDD_PLLV
DD
V
AA
TRIGGER
OE_BAR
AGND
SADDR
SHUTTER
FLASH
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 10 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
Figure 4: 80-Ball IBGA Package
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
Top View
(Ball Down)
SLVS0_P SLVS1_P SLVSC_P SLVS2_P SLVS3_P
VDD_PLL SLVS0_N SLVS1_N SLVSC_N SLVS2_N SLVS3_N
EXTCLK
VDD_
SLVS
DGND
DGND
VDD DGND
SADDR
SCLK
SDATA
AGND
DGND
VDD_IO VAA_PIX
LINE_
VALID
FRAME_
VALID
PIXCLK
FLASH
DOUT7
DOUT1
DOUT11 DOUT10 DOUT9
TESTDOUT4DOUT3
DOUT6
DOUT8DGND
TRIGGER
OE_BAR
DOUT0DOUT2
DOUT5RESET_
BAR
12 3 567 84
VDD
DGND
SHUTTER
Reserved
9
DGND
VAA
VAA
VAA
VAA
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
Reserved
DGND
DGND
DGND
DGND
DGND
DGND
DGND
DGND
AGND
AGND
AGND
VDD_IO
VDD_IO
VDD_IO
VDD_IO
VDD_IO
AGNDDGND
DGND
VDD_IO
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 11 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
Table 3: Pin Descriptions, 80-ball iBGA
Name iBGA Pin Type Description
SLVS0_P A2 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 0, differential P.
SLVS1_P A3 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 1, differential P.
SLVSC_P A4 Output HiSPi serial DDR clock differential P.
SLVS2_P A5 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 2, differential P.
SLVS3_P A6 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 3, differential P.
VDD_PLL B1 Power PLL power.
SLVS0_N B2 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 0, differential N.
SLVS1_N B3 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 1, differential N.
SLVSC_N B4 Output HiSPi serial DDR clock differential N.
SLVS2_N B5 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 2, differential N.
SLVS3_N B6 Output HiSPi serial data, lane 3, differential N.
SHUTTER B9 Output Control for external mechanical shutter. Can be left floating if not used.
VAA C1, G1, D9, F9 Power Analog power.
AGND C2, G2, D8, E8, F8 Power Analog ground.
VDD_SLVS C4 Power 0.3V-0.6V or 1.7V - 1.9V port to HiSPi Output Driver. Set the High_VCM
(R0x306E[9]) bit to 1 when configuring VDD_SLVS to 1.7 – 1.9V.
VDD C5, J5, A9, H9, A7, D1, F1 Power Digital power.
Reserved C9, F7
DGND B7, C7, D7, E7, G7, B8, C8, G8,
D2, E2, F2, H2, C3, G3, H3, C6,
J6
Power Digital ground.
EXTCLK D3 Input External input clock.
PIXCLK D4 Output Pixel clock out. Dout is valid on rising edge of this clock.
SADDR D5 Input Two-Wire Serial address select. 0: 0x20. 1: 0x30
TRIGGER D6 Input Exposure synchronization input.
VAA_PIX E9 Power Pixel power.
VDD_IO E1, H1, J2, J7, A8, G9, J9 Power I/O supply power.
SDATA E3 I/O Two-Wire Serial data I/O.
FLASH E4 Output Flash control output.
FRAME_VALID E5 Output Asserted when Dout frame data is valid.
SCLK E6 Input Two-Wire Serial clock input.
DOUT11 F3 Output Parallel pixel data output (MSB)
DOUT10 F4 Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT9F5
Output Parallel pixel data output.
LINE_VALID F6 Output Asserted when Dout line data is valid.
DOUT8G4
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT7G5
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT6G6
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT5H4
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT4H5
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT3H6
Output Parallel pixel data output.
RESET_BAR H7 Input Asynchronous reset (active LOW). All settings are restored to factory
default.
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 12 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Functional Overview
TEST H8 Input. Manufacturing test enable pin (connect to Dgnd).
DOUT2J1
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT1J3
Output Parallel pixel data output.
DOUT0J4
Output Parallel pixel data output (LSB)
OE_BAR J8 Input Output enable (active LOW).
Table 3: Pin Descriptions, 80-ball iBGA
Name iBGA Pin Type Description
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 13 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Pixel Data Format
Pixel Data Format
Pixel Array Structure
While the sensor's format is 1928 x1088, additional active columns and active rows are
included for use when horizontal or vertical mirrored readout is enabled, to allow
readout to start on the same pixel. The pixel adjustment is always performed for mono-
chrome or color versions. The active area is surrounded with optically transparent
dummy pixels to improve image uniformity within the active area. Not all dummy pixels
or barrier pixels can be read out.
Figure 5: Pixel Array Description
10
b
arr
i
er + 4
b
or
d
er p
i
xe
l
s
Light dummy
pixel Active pixel
10 barrier + 4 border pixels
1944
2 barrier + 6 border pixels
2 barrier + 6 border pixels
1116
19281 x 1088
5.78 mm x 3.26 mm
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 14 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Pixel Data Format
Figure 6: Pixel Color Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner)
Default Readout Order
By convention, the sensor core pixel array is shown with pixel (0,0) in the top right
corner (see Figure 6). This reflects the actual layout of the array on the die. Also, the first
pixel data read out of the sensor in default condition is that of pixel (10, 14).
When the sensor is imaging, the active surface of the sensor faces the scene as shown in
Figure 7. When the image is read out of the sensor, it is read one row at a time, with the
rows and columns sequenced as shown in Figure 7.
Figure 7: Imaging a Scene
Active Pixel (0,0)
Array Pixel (0, 0)
Row
Reado
ut Direction
G
B
G
B
G
B
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
Column Readout Direction
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 15 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
Features Overview
For a complete description, recommendations, and usage guidelines for product
features, refer to the AR0230CS Developer Guide.
3.0m Dual Conversion Gain Pixel
To improve the low light performance and keep the high dynamic range, a large (3.0um)
dual conversion gain pixel is implemented for better image optimization. With a dual
conversion gain pixel, the conversion gain of the pixel may be dynamically changed to
better adapt the pixel response based on dynamic range of the scene. This gain can be
switched manually or automatically by an auto exposure control module.
HDR
By default, the sensor powers up in HDR Mode. The HDR scheme used is multi-exposure
HDR. This allows the sensor to handle up to 96 dB of dynamic range. In HDR mode, the
sensor sequentially captures two exposures by maintaining two separate read and reset
pointers that are interleaved within the rolling shutter readout. The intermediate pixel
values are stored in line buffers while waiting for the two exposure values to be present.
As soon as a pixel's two exposure values are available, they are combined to create a
linearized 16-bit value for each pixel's response. The exposure ratio may be set to 4x, 8x,
16x, or 32x. Depending on whether HiSPi or Parallel mode is selected, the full 16 bit value
may be output, it can be compressed to 12 bits using Adaptive Local Tone Mapping
(ALTM), or companded to 12 or 14 bits.
Options to output T1 only, T2 only, or pixel interleaved data are also available. Individual
exposures may be read out in a line interleaved mode as described in the T1/T2 Line
Interleaved Mode section.
Resolution
The active array supports a maximum of 1928x1088 pixels to support 1080p resolution.
Utilizing a 3.0um pixel will result in an optical format of 1/2.7-inch (approximately
6.6mm diagonal).
Frame Rate
At full (1080p) resolution, the AR0230CS is capable of running up to 3060 fps.
Image Acquisition Mode
The AR0230CS supports two image acquisition modes:
Electronic rolling shutter (ERS) mode
This is the normal mode of operation. When the AR0230CS is streaming, it generates
frames at a fixed rate, and each frame is integrated (exposed) using the ERS. When ERS
mode is in use, timing and control logic within the sensor sequences through the rows of
the array, resetting and then reading each row in turn. In the time interval between reset-
ting a row and subsequently reading that row, the pixels in the row integrate incident
light. The integration (exposure) time is controlled by varying the time between row
reset and row readout. For each row in a frame, the time between row reset and row
readout is the same, leading to a uniform integration time across the frame. When the
integration time is changed (by using the two-wire serial interface to change register
settings), the timing and control logic controls the transition from old to new integration
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 16 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
time in such a way that the stream of output frames from the AR0230CS switches cleanly
from the old integration time to the new while only generating frames with uniform inte-
gration. See “Changes to Integration Time” in the AR0230CS Register Reference.
Global reset mode.
This mode can be used to acquire a single image at the current resolution. In this mode,
the end point of the pixel integration time is controlled by an external electromechanical
shutter, and the AR0230CS provides control signals to interface to that shutter. The
benefit of using an external electromechanical shutter is that it eliminates the visual arti-
facts associated with ERS operation. Visual artifacts arise in ERS operation, particularly
at low frame rates, because an ERS image effectively integrates each row of the pixel
array at a different point in time.
Embedded Data and Statistics
The AR0230CS has the capability to output image data and statistics embedded within
the frame timing. There are two types of information embedded within the frame
readout.
•Embedded Data:
If enabled, these are displayed on the two rows immediately before the first active
pixel row is displayed.
Embedded Statistics:
If enabled, these are displayed on the two rows immediately after the last active pixel
row is displayed.
Multi-Camera Synchronization
The AR0230CS supports advanced line synchronization controls for multi-camera
(stereo) support.
Slave Mode
The slave mode feature of the AR0230CS supports triggering the start of a frame readout
from an input signal that is supplied from an external ASIC. The slave mode signal allows
for precise control of frame rate and register change updates.
Context Switching and Register Updates
The user has the option of using the highly configurable context memory, or a simplified
implementation in which only a subset of registers is available for switching. The
AR0230 supports a highly configurable context switching RAM of size 256 x 16. Within
this Context Memory, changes to any register may be stored. The register set for each
context must be the same, but the number of contexts and registers per context are
limited only by the size of the context memory.
Alternatively, the user may switch between two predefined register sets A and B by
writing to a context switch change bit. When the context switch is configured to context
A the sensor will reference the context A registers. If the context switch is changed from A
to B during the readout of frame n, the sensor will then reference the context B
coarse_integration_time registers in frame n+1 and all other context B registers at the
beginning of reading frame n+2. The sensor will show the same behavior when changing
from context B to context A. The registers listed in Table 4 are context-switchable:
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 17 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
Table 4: List of Configurable Registers for Context A and Context B
Motion Compensation/DLO
In typical multi-exposure HDR systems, motion artifacts can be created when objects
move during the T1 or T2 integration time. When this happens, edge artifacts can poten-
tially be visible and might look like a ghosting effect. To correct this, the AR0230CS has
special 2D motion compensation circuitry that detects motion artifacts and corrects the
image. The motion compensation feature can be optionally enabled by register write.
Additional parameters are available to control the extent of motion detection and
correction as per the requirements of the specific application.
Tone Mapping
Real-world scenes often have a very high dynamic range (HDR) that far exceeds the elec-
trical dynamic range of the imager. Dynamic range is defined as the luminance ratio
between the brightest and the darkest objects in a scene. Even though the AR0230CS can
capture full dynamic range images, the images are still limited by the low dynamic range
of display devices. Today's typical LCD monitor has a contrast ratio around 1,000:1 while
it is not atypical for an HDR image having a contrast ratio of around 250,000:1. There-
fore, in order to reproduce HDR images on a low dynamic range display device, the
captured high dynamic range must be compressed to the available range of the display
device. This is commonly called tone mapping. The AR0230CS has implemented an
adaptive local tone mapping (ALTM) feature to reproduce visually appealing images that
increase the local contrast and the visibility of the images.
Context A Context B
Register Description Register Description
coarse_integration_time coarse_integration_time_cb
line_length_pck line_length_pck_cb
frame_length_lines frame_length_lines_cb
row_bin row_bin_cb
col_bin col_bin_cb
fine_gain fine_gain_cb
coarse_gain coarse_gain_cb
x_addr_start x_addr_start_cb
y_addr_start y_addr_start_cb
x_addr_end x_addr_end_cb
y_addr_end y_addr_end_cb
y_odd_inc y_odd_inc_cb
x_odd_inc x_odd_inc_cb
green1_gain green1_gain_cb
blue_gain blue_gain_cb
red_gain red_gain_cb
green2_gain green2_gain_cb
global_gain global_gain_cb
operation_mode_ctrl operation_mode_ctrl_cb
bypass_pix_comb bypass_pix_comb_cb
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 18 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
Adaptive Color Difference (ADACD) Noise Filtering
A good noise reduction filter will remove noise from an image while retaining as much
image detail as possible. To retain image detail, the noise reduction filter must adapt to
the image signal. To remove noise, the noise reduction filter must adapt to the noise level
of the image signal. The key is to remove the appropriate amount of noise. Over-filtering
will cause image blurring while under-filtering will leave noise in the image. The AdaCD
algorithm relies on a noise model derived from characterization data to aid in separating
noise from signal.
The AR0230CS AdaCD algorithm performs pixel-by-pixel color noise correction for each
of the red, blue, and green color planes. Each pixel is corrected based on surrounding
pixel values on the same color plane and a noise model. The noise model is based on
characterization data, and takes into account applied analog gain.
Fast Mode Switch (Combi Mode)
To facilitate faster switching between linear and HDR modes, the AR0230CS includes a
Combi Mode feature. When enabled, Combi Mode loads a single (HDR) sequencer.
When switching from HDR to linear modes, the sequencer remains the same, but only
the T1 image is output. While not optimized for linear mode operation, it allows faster
mode switching as a new sequencer load is not needed. Switching between modes may
result in the output of one bad frame.
Analog/Digital Gains
A programmable analog gain of 1.5x to 12x (HDR) and 1.5x to 16x (linear) applied simul-
taneously to all color channels will be featured along with a digital gain of 1x to 16x that
may be configured on a per color channel basis.
Skipping/Binning Modes
The AR0230CS supports subsampling. Subsampling allows the sensor to read out a
smaller set of active pixels by either skipping, binning, or summing pixels within the
readout window. Horizontal binning is achieved in the digital readout. The sensor will
sample the combined 2x adjacent pixels within the same color plane. Vertical row
binning is applied in the pixel readout. Row binning can be configured as 2x rows within
the same color plane. Pixel skipping can be configured up to 2x in both the x-direction
and y-direction. Skipping pixels in the x-direction will not reduce the row time. Skipping
pixels in the y direction will reduce the number of rows from the sensor effectively
reducing the frame time. Skipping will introduce image artifacts from aliasing.
The AR0230CS supports row wise vertical binning. Row wise vertical summing is not
supported.
Clocking Options
The sensor contains a phase-locked loop (PLL) that is used for timing generation and
control. The required VCO clock frequency is attained through the use of a pre-PLL clock
divider followed by a multiplier. The PLL multiplier should be an even integer. If an odd
integer (M) is programmed, the PLL will default to the lower (M-1) value to maintain an
even multiplier value. The multiplier is followed by a set of dividers used to generate the
output clocks required for the sensor array, the pixel analog and digital readout paths,
and the output parallel and serial interfaces. Use of the PLL is required when using the
HiSPi interface.
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 19 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
Temperature Sensor
The AR0230CS sensor has a built-in PTAT-based temperature sensor, accessible through
registers, that is capable of measuring die junction temperature. The value read out from
the temperature sensor register is an ADC output value that needs to be converted
downstream to a final temperature value in degrees Celsius. Since the PTAT device char-
acteristic response is quite linear in the temperature range of operation required, a
simple linear function can be used to convert the ADC output value to the final tempera-
ture in degrees Celsius.
A single reference point will be made available via register read as well as a slope for
back-calculating the junction temperature value. An error of +/-5% or better over the full
specified operating range of the sensor is to be expected.
Silicon / Firmware / Sequencer Revision Information
A revision register will be provided to read out (via I2C) silicon and sequencer/OTPM
revision information. This will be helpful to distinguish among different lots of material
if there are future OTPM or sequencer revisions.
Lens Shading Correction
The latest lens shading correction algorithm will be included for potential low Z height
applications.
Companding
The 16-bit linearized HDR image may be compressed to 12- or 14- bits using on-chip
companding. This is useful if on-chip ALTM will not be used and the ISP cannot handle
16 bit data.
Compression
When the AR0230CS is configured for linear mode operation, the sensor can optionally
compress 12-bit data to 10-bit using A-law compression. The A-law compression is
disabled by default.
Packaging
The AR0230CS will be offered in a 10x10 80-iBGA package (parallel and HiSPi). The
package will have anti-reflective coating on both sides of the cover glass.
Parallel Interface
The parallel pixel data interface uses these output-only signals:
•FRAME_VALID
•LINE_VALID
•PIXCLK
•D
OUT[11:0]
The parallel pixel data interface is disabled by default at power up and after reset. It can
be enabled by programming R0x301A. When the parallel pixel data interface is in use,
the serial data output signals can be left unconnected.
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 20 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
High Speed Serial Pixel (HiSPi) Interface
The HiSPi interface supports three protocols, Streaming-S, Streaming-SP, and Packetized
SP. The streaming protocols conform to a standard video application where each line of
active or intra-frame blanking provided by the sensor is transmitted at the same length.
The Packetized SP protocol will transmit only the active data ignoring line-to-line and
frame-to-frame blanking data.
The HiSPi interface building block is a unidirectional differential serial interface with
four data and one double data rate (DDR) clock lanes. One clock for every four serial
data lanes is provided for phase alignment across multiple lanes. The AR0230CS
supports serial data widths of 10, 12, 14, 16, or 20 bits on one, two, or four lanes. The
specification includes a DLL to compensate for differences in group delay for each data
lane. The DLL is connected to the clock lane and each data lane, which acts as a control
master for the output delay buffers. Once the DLL has gained phase lock, each lane can
be delayed in 1/8 unit interval (UI) steps. This additional delay allows the user to
increase the setup or hold time at the receiver circuits and can be used to compensate
for skew introduced in PCB design. Delay compensation may be set for clock and/or
data lines in the hispi_timing register R0x31C0. If the DLL timing adjustment is not
required, the data and clock lane delay settings should be set to a default code of 0x0000
to reduce jitter, skew, and power dissipation.
Sensor Control Interface
The two-wire serial interface bus enables read/write access to control and status regis-
ters within the AR0230CS. The interface protocol uses a master/slave model in which a
master controls one or more slave devices. The sensor acts as a slave device. The master
generates a clock (SCLK) that is an input to the sensor and is used to synchronize trans-
fers.
Data is transferred between the master and the slave on a bidirectional signal (SDATA).
SDATA is pulled up to VDD_IO off-chip by a 1.5k resistor. Either the slave or master
device can drive SDATA LOW-the interface protocol determines which device is allowed
to drive SDATA at any given time. The two-wire serial interface can run at 100 kHz or 400
kHz.
T1/T2 Line Interleaved Mode
The AR0230CS has the capability to output the T1 and T2 exposures separately, in a line
interleaved format. The purpose of this is to enable off chip HDR linear combination
and processing. See the AR0230CS Developer Guide for more information.
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 21 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Features Overview
Figure 8: Quantum Efficiency
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
350 450 550 650 750 850 950 1050 1150
Quantum Efficiency (%)
Wavelength (nm)
Blue
Green (B)
Green (R)
Red
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AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise stated, the following specifications apply under the following condi-
tions: VDD = 1.8V – 0.10/+0.15; VDD_IO = VDD_PLL = VAA = VAA_PIX = 2.8V ± 0.3V;
VDD_SLVS = 0.4V – 0.1/+0.2; TA = -30°C to +85°C-40°C to +105°C; output load = 10pF;
frequency = 74.25 MHz; HiSPi off.
Two-Wire Serial Register Interface
The electrical characteristics of the two-wire serial register interface (SCLK, SDATA) are
shown in Figure 9 and Table 5.
Figure 9: Two-Wire Serial Bus Timing Parameters
Note: Read sequence: For an 8-bit READ, read waveforms start after WRITE command and register
address are issued.
Table 5: Two-Wire Serial Bus Characteristics
fEXTCLK = 27 MHz; VDD = 1.8V; VDD_IO = 2.8V; VAA = 2.8V; VAA_PIX = 2.8V; VDD_PLL = 2.8V; TA = 25°C
Parameter Symbol
Standard Mode Fast Mode
UnitMin Max Min Max
SCLK Clock Frequency fSCL 0 100 0 400 KHz
Hold time (repeated) START condition.
After this period, the first clock pulse is
generated
tHD;STA 4.0 - 0.6 - s
LOW period of the SCLK clock tLOW 4.7 - 1.3 - s
HIGH period of the SCLK clock tHIGH 4.0 - 0.6 - s
Set-up time for a repeated START
condition
tSU;STA 4.7 - 0.6 - s
Data hold time tHD;DAT 043.455060.95s
Data set-up time tSU;DAT 250 - 1006-ns
Rise time of both SDATA and SCLK signals tr - 1000 20 + 0.1Cb7300 ns
Fall time of both SDATA and SCLK signals tf - 300 20 + 0.1Cb7300 ns
Set-up time for STOP condition tSU;STO 4.0 - 0.6 - s
Bus free time between a STOP and START
condition
tBUF 4.7 - 1.3 - s
Capacitive load for each bus line Cb - 400 - 400 pF
SSr
tSU;STO
tSU;STA
tHD;STA tHIGH
tLOW tSU;DAT
tHD;DAT
tf
S
DATA
S
CLK
PS
tBUF
tr
tf
trtHD;STA
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AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Notes: 1. This table is based on I2C standard (v2.1 January 2000). Philips Semiconductor.
2. Two-wire control is I2C-compatible.
3. All values referred to VIHmin = 0.9 VDD and VILmax = 0.1VDD levels. Sensor EXCLK = 27 MHz.
4. A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDATA signal to bridge the
undefined region of the falling edge of SCLK.
5. The maximum tHD;DAT has only to be met if the device does not stretch the LOW period (tLOW) of
the SCLK signal.
6. A Fast-mode I2C-bus device can be used in a Standard-mode I2C-bus system, but the requirement
tSU;DAT 250 ns must then be met. This will automatically be the case if the device does not stretch
the LOW period of the SCLK signal. If such a device does stretch the LOW period of the SCLK signal, it
must output the next data bit to the SDATA line tr max + tSU;DAT = 1000 + 250 = 1250 ns (according
to the Standard-mode I2C-bus specification) before the SCLK line is released.
7. Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
I/O Timing
By default, the AR0230CS launches pixel data, FV, and LV with the falling edge of PIXCLK.
The expectation is that the user captures DOUT[11:0], FV, and LV using the rising edge of
PIXCLK.
See Figure 10 below and Table 6 on page 24 for I/O timing (AC) characteristics.
Figure 10: I/O Timing Diagram
Serial interface input pin capacitance CIN_SI - 3.3 - 3.3 pF
SDATA max load capacitance CLOAD_SD - 30 - 30 pF
SDATA pull-up resistor RSD 1.5 4.7 1.5 4.7 K
Table 5: Two-Wire Serial Bus Characteristics (continued)
fEXTCLK = 27 MHz; VDD = 1.8V; VDD_IO = 2.8V; VAA = 2.8V; VAA_PIX = 2.8V; VDD_PLL = 2.8V; TA = 25°C
Parameter Symbol
Standard Mode Fast Mode
UnitMin Max Min Max
Data[11:0]
LINE_VALID/
PIXCLK
EXTCLK
tR
tEXTCLK
tF
FRAME_VALID leads LINE_VALID by 6 PIXCLKs.
FRAME_VALID trails
LINE_VALID by 6 PIXCLKs.
tPLH
tPFH
tPFL
tPLL
tPD
Pxl_0 Pxl _1 Pxl_2 Pxl_n
90%
10%
tRP tFP
90%
10%
FRAME_VALID
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AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: I/O timing characteristics are measured under the following conditions:
- Temperature is 25°C ambient
- 10 pF load
- 1.8V I/O supply voltage
Table 6: I/O Timing Characteristics
Symbol Definition Condition Min Typ Max Unit
fEXTCLK1s Input clock frequency 6 48 MHz
tEXTCLK1 Input clock period 20.8 166 ns
tRInput clock rise time 3 ns
tFInput clock fall time 3 ns
tRP Pixclk rise time 2 3.5 5 ns
tFP Pixclk fall time 2 3.5 5 ns
Clock duty cycle 45 50 55 %
tCP EXTCLK to PIXCLK propagation delay Nominal voltages,
PLL Disabled
10 14 18 ns
fPIXCLK PIXCLK frequency Default,
Nominal Voltages
674.25MHz
tPD PIXCLK to data valid Default,
Nominal Voltages
3.6 5.5 9.5 ns
tPFH PIXCLK to FV HIGH Default,
Nominal Voltages
2.9 5.3 9 ns
tPLH PIXCLK to LV HIGH Default,
Nominal Voltages
2.9 5 9 ns
tPFL PIXCLK to FV LOW Default,
Nominal Voltages
2.9 5 9 ns
tPLL PIXCLK to LV LOW Default,
Nominal Voltages
2.9 4.8 9 ns
CLOAD Output load capacitance <10 pF
CIN Input pin capacitance 2.5 pF
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AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
DC Electrical Characteristics
The DC electrical characteristics are shown in the tables below.
Caution Stresses greater than those listed in Table 8 may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other con-
ditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Note: Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.
Table 7: DC Electrical Characteristics
Symbol Definition Condition Min Typ Max Unit
VDD Core digital voltage 1.7 1.8 1.95 V
VDD_IO I/O digital voltage 1.7/2.5 1.8/2.8 1.9/3.1 V
VAA Analog voltage 2.5 2.8 3.1 V
VAA_PIX Pixel supply voltage 2.5 2.8 3.1 V
VDD_PLL PLL supply voltage 2.5 2.8 3.1 V
VDD_SLVS HiSPi supply voltage 0.3 0.4 0.6 V
VIH Input HIGH voltage VDD_IO*0.7 V
VIL Input LOW voltage VDD_IO*0.3 V
IIN Input leakage current No pull-up resistor; VIN = VDD_IO or
DGND
20 A
VOH Output HIGH voltage VDD_IO-0.3 V
VOL Output LOW voltage 0.4 V
IOH Output HIGH current At specified VOH -22 mA
IOL Output LOW current At specified VOL ––22mA
Table 8: Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol Definition Condition Min Max Unit
VDD_MAX Core digital voltage –0.3 2.4 V
VDD_IO_MAX I/O digital voltage –0.3 4 V
VAA_MAX Analog voltage –0.3 4 V
VAA_PIX Pixel supply voltage –0.3 4 V
VDD_PLL PLL supply voltage –0.3 4 V
VDD_SLVS_MAX HiSPi I/O digital voltage –0.3 2.4 V
tST Storage temperature –40 85 °C
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 26 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL = VDD_IO =2.8 V
- VDD= 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL = VDD_IO =2.8 V
- VDD= 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO= 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Table 9: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 2.8V
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 90 175 220
I/O digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 10 30 50
Analog operating current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 354585
Pixel supply current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 2 4 7
PLL supply current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 2.8 5.5 6.2 7
Power (mW) 309 557.76 813.2
Table 10: 1080p30 Linear 74MHz Parallel 2.8V
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 75 107 145
I/O digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 10 30 50
Analog operating current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 203050
Pixel supply current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 1 3 7
PLL supply current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 2.8 5.5 6.2 7
Power (mW) 237.2 386.36 580.2
Table 11: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 1.8V
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 90 175 220
I/O digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 1.8 10 20 30
Analog operating current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 35 45 85
Pixel supply current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 2 4 7
PLL supply current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 2.8 5.5 6.2 7
Power (mW) 299 509.76 727.2
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 27 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO= 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO= 1.8 V
- VDD_SLVS= 0.4V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 37.125 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Table 12: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz Parallel 1.8V
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 75 107 145
I/O digital operating current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 1.8 10 20 30
Analog operating current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 20 30 50
Pixel supply current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 1 3 7
PLL supply current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 2.8 5.5 6.2 7
Power (mW) 227.2 338.36 494.2
Table 13: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS (Low Power Mode)
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 145 175 235
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 25 46 65
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 1 4 7
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 6 7.4 8.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 0.4 3 9 14
Power (mW) 351.8 479.32 654
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 28 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO= 1.8 V
- VDD_SLVS= 0.4V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO = VDD_SLVS = 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 37.125 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Table 14: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 75 115 155
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 20 30 50
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 1 3 7
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 6 7.4 8.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 0.4 3 9 14
Power (mW) 211.8 323.72 468
Table 15: 1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm (Low Power Mode)
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 145 175 235
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 25 46 65
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8147
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 6 7.4 8.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 1.8 10 20 30
Power (mW) 368.6 511.72 702.4
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 29 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO = VDD_SLVS= 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- Low power mode enabled
- TA = 25°C
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL =2.8 V
- VDD = VDD_IO= 1.8 V
- VDD_SLVS= 0.4V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- TA= 25°C
Table 16: 1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 75 115 155
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 20 30 50
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8137
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 6 7.4 8.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 1.8 10 20 30
Power (mW) 228.6 356.12 516.4
Table 17: Line Interleaved HiSPi SLVS
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 185 230 265
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 20 36 55
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 1 3.3 7
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 7 8.2 9.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL 0.4 3 9 14
Power (mW) 412.6 550.6 668.8
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 30 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Electrical Specifications
Note: Operating currents are measured in mA at the following conditions:
- VAA = VAA_PIX = VDD_PLL = 2.8 V
- VDD= VDD_IO = 1.8 V
- VDD_SLVS = 1.8 V
- PLL Enabled and PIXCLK = 74.25 MHz
- 4-lane HiSPi mode
- TA = 25°C
HiSPi Electrical Specifications
The ON Semiconductor AR0230CS sensor supports both SLVS and HiVCM HiSPi modes.
Refer to the High-Speed Serial Pixel (HiSPi) Interface Physical Layer Specification
v2.00.00 for electrical definitions, specifications, and timing information. The VDD_SLVS
supply in this datasheet corresponds to VDD_TX in the HiSPi Physical Layer Specifica-
tion. Similarly, VDD is equivalent to VDD_HiSPi as referenced in the specification. The
DLL as implemented on AR0230CS is limited in the number of available delay steps and
differs from the HiSPi specification as described in this section.
Table 18: Line Interleaved HiSPi HiVcm
Definition Condition Symbol Voltage Min Typ Max
Digital Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD 1.8 185 230 265
Analog Operating Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_IO 2.8 20 36 55
Pixel Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA 2.8 1 3.3 7
PLL Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IAA_PIX 2.8 7 8.2 9.5
SLVS Supply Current Streaming 1080p30 IDD_PLL1.8102030
Power (mW) 429.4 583 717.2
Table 19: Channel Skew
Measurement Conditions: VDD_HiSPi = 1.8V;VDD_HiSPi_TX = 0.4V; Data Rate =480 Mbps; DLL set to 0
Data Lane Skew in Reference to Clock tCHSKEW1PHY -150 ps
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 31 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing
Power-Up Sequence
The recommended power-up sequence for the AR0230CS is shown in Figure 11. The
available power supplies (VDD_IO, VDD, VDD_SLVS, VDD_PLL, VAA, VAA_PIX) must have
the separation specified below.
1. Turn on VDD_PLL power supply.
2. After 100s, turn on VAA and VAA_PIX power supply.
3. After 100s, turn on VDD_IO power supply.
4. After 100s, turn on VDD power supply.
5. After 100s, turn on VDD_SLVS power supply.
6. After the last power supply is stable, enable EXTCLK.
7. Assert RESET_BAR for at least 1ms. The parallel interface will be tri-stated during this
time.
8. Wait 150000 EXTCLKs (for internal initialization into software standby.
9. Configure PLL, output, and image settings to desired values.
10. Wait 1ms for the PLL to lock.
11. Set streaming mode (R0x301a[2] = 1).
Figure 11: Power Up
V
DD
_PLL (2.8)
V
AA
_PIX
V
AA
(2.8)
V
DD
_IO (1.8/2.8)
V
DD
(1.8)
V
DD
_SLVS (0.4)
EXTCLK
RESET_BAR
t0
t1
t2
t3
tx
t4
t5 t6
Hard Reset Internal
Initialization
Software
Standby PLL Lock Streaming
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 32 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing
Notes: 1. Xtal settling time is component-dependent, usually taking about 10 – 100 ms.
2. Hard reset time is the minimum time required after power rails are settled. In a circuit where Hard
reset is held down by RC circuit, then the RC time must include the all power rail settle time and
Xtal settle time.
3. It is critical that VDD_PLL is not powered up after the other power supplies. It must be powered
before or at least at the same time as the others. If the case happens that VDD_PLL is powered after
other supplies then sensor may have functionality issues and will experience high current draw on
this supply.
Table 20: Power-Up Sequence
Definition Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Unit
VDD_PLL to VAA/VAA_PIX3t0 0 100 s
VAA/VAA_PIX to VDD_IO t1 0 100 s
VDD_IO to VDD t2 0 100 s
VDD to VDD_SLVS t3 0 100 s
Xtal settle time tx 301–ms
Hard Reset t4 12–– ms
Internal Initialization t5 150000 EXTCLKs
PLL Lock Time t6 1 ms
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 33 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing
Power-Down Sequence
The recommended power-down sequence for the AR0230CS is shown in Figure 12. The
available power supplies (VDD_IO, VDD, VDD_SLVS, VDD_PLL, VAA, VAA_PIX) must have
the separation specified below.
1. Disable streaming if output is active by setting standby R0x301a[2] = 0
2. The soft standby state is reached after the current row or frame, depending on config-
uration, has ended.
3. Turn off VDD_SLVS.
4. Turn off VDD.
5. Turn off VDD_IO.
6. Turn off VAA/VAA_PIX.
7. Turn off VDD_PLL.
Figure 12: Power Down
t4 is required between power down and next power up time; all decoupling caps from
regulators must be completely discharged.
Table 21: Power-Down Sequence
Definition Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Unit
VDD_SLVS to VDD t0 0 s
VDD to VDD_IO t1 0 s
VDD_IO to VAA/VAA_PIX t2 0 s
VAA/VAA_PIX to VDD_PLL t3 0 s
Power Down until Next Power Up Time t4 100 ms
VDD_IO (1.8/2.8)
t4
t 0
t1
t3
t2
EXTCLK
VDD_SLVS (0.4)
VDD (1.8)
VAA_PIX
VAA (2.8)
VDD_PLL (2.8)
Power Down until next Power up cycle
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 34 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Power-On Reset and Standby Timing
Package Diagrams
Figure 13: 80iBGA 10 x 10 Package Diagram
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 35 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015.
AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Revision History
Revision History
Rev. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3/18/14
•Initial release
Rev. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9/22/14
Updated Table 1, “Key Parameters,” on page 1
Updated Table 2, “Available Part Numbers,” on page 1
Updated “Packaging” on page 19
Updated Table 9, “Operating Current Consumption in Parallel Output and Linear
Mode,” on page 26
Updated Table 10, “Operating Current Consumption in Parallel Output and HDR
Mode,” on page 26
Updated Table 11,Operating Current in HiSPi (HiVCM) Output and Linear Mode,
on page 27
Updated Table 12,Operating Current in HiSPi (HiVCM) Output and HDR Mode,” on
page 27
Updated Table 13, “Operating Current in HiSPi (SLVS) Output and Linear Mode,” on
page 28
Updated Table 14, “Operating Current in HiSPi (SLVS) Output and HDR Mode,” on
page 28
Deleted references to iLCC package:
Figure 4: 48 iLCC Package, Parallel Output
Table 3: Pin Descriptions
Figure 5: 48 iLCC Package, HiSPi Output
Table 4: Pin Descriptions, 48 iLCC
Figure 16: 48iLCC 10x10 Parallel Package Diagram
Figure 17: 48iLCC 10x10 Serial Package Diagram
Rev. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3/20/15
Updated to Production
Updated Table 2, “Available Part Numbers,” on page 1
Updated “General Description” on page 6
Updated “Analog/Digital Gains” on page 18
Updated “Temperature Sensor” on page 19
Updated “HDR” on page 15
Updated Figure 5: “Pixel Array Description,” on page 13
Replaced Tables 9-14 with Table 10, “1080p30 Linear 74MHz Parallel 1.8v,” on page 25
to Table 19, “Line Interleaved HiVcm,” on page 29.
Rev. B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5/15/15
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2
Rev. C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/8/15
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2
Rev. 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9/3/15
Updated Rev. History to follow ON Semiconductor rules
Updated “Ordering Information” on page 2
Updated max. dynamic range (from 105 to 96 dB) on p.1 and p. 15
Updated Table 6, “I/O Timing Characteristics,” on page 24
ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. SCILLC owns the
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products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including
without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications
and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey
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AR0230CS: 1/2.7-Inch 2.1 Mp/Full HD Digital Image Sensor
Revision History
AR0230CS/D Rev. 8, Pub. 11/15 EN 36 ©Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015 .
DR-Pix is a trademark of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries.
Replaced Table 7, “Operating Current Consumption in Parallel Output and Linear
Mode,” on page 21 with Table 9, “1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 2.8V,” on
page 26
Replaced Table 8, “Operating Current Consumption in Parallel Output and HDR
Mode,” on page 21 with Table 10, “1080p30 Linear 74MHz Parallel 2.8V,on page 26
Replaced Table 9, “Operating Current in HiSPi (HiVCM) Output and Linear Mode,” on
page 22 with Table 11, “1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74MHz Parallel 1.8V,” on page 26
Replaced Table 10, “Operating Current in HiSPi (HiVCM) Output and HDR Mode,” on
page 22with Table 12, “1080p30 Linear 74 MHz Parallel 1.8V,” on page 27
Replaced Table 11, Operating Current in HiSPi (SLVS) Output and Linear Mode,” on
page 23 with Table 13, “1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS (Low Power Mode),
on page 27
Replaced Table 12, “Operating Current in HiSPi (SLVS) Output and HDR Mode,” on
page 23 with Table 14, “1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi SLVS,” on page 28
Added Table 15, “1080p30 HDR (ALTM) 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm (Low Power Mode),” on
page 28, Table 16, “1080p30 Linear 74 MHz HiSPi HiVcm,” on page 29, Table 17, “Line
Interleaved HiSPi SLVS,” on page 29, and Table 18, “Line Interleaved HiSPi HiVcm,” on
page 30