Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 23, 2014 1
DATA SHEET
AAT3685: Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
Applications
Cellular telephones
Digital still cameras
Hand-held PCs
MP3 players
Personal Data Assistants (PDAs)
Other lithium-ion/polymer battery-powered devices
Features
Adapter or USB charger
Programmable up to 1 A max.
4.0 V to 5.5 V input voltage range
High level of integration with internal:
Charging device
Reverse blocking diode
Current sensing
Automatic recharge sequencing
Charge reduction loop
Battery temperature monitoring
Full battery charge auto turn-off
Over-voltage protection
Emergency thermal protection
Power on reset and soft start
Serial interface status reporting
Pb-free, thermally-enhance TDFN (12-pin, 3 mm 3 mm)
package (MSL1, 260 ºC per JEDEC J-STD-020)
Description
The AAT3685 BatteryManager™ is a highly integrated single cell
lithium-ion/polymer battery charger IC designed to operate with
USB port or line adapter inputs. It requires the minimum number
of external components.
The AAT3685 precisely regulates battery charge voltage and
current for 4.2 V lithium-ion/polymer battery cells. Regardless of
the type of input power source (USB or adapter), the AAT3685 can
be programmed for two separate constant current charge levels
up to 1 A. An optional Charge Reduction Loop is built in to allow
users to charge the battery with available current from the charge
supply, while keeping the port voltage regulated.
Battery temperature and charge state are fully monitored for fault
conditions. In the event of an over-voltage or over-temperature
failure, the device will automatically shut down, thus protecting
the charging device, control system, and the battery under
charge. Status monitor output pins are provided to indicate the
battery charge status by directly driving two external LEDs. A
serial interface output is available to report any one of 14 various
status states to a microcontroller.
The AAT3685 is available in a Pb-free, thermally-enhanced,
space-saving 12-pin 3 × 3mm TDFN package and is rated over
the −40 °C to +85 °C temperature range.
A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 1. The pin
configurations are shown in Figure 2. Signal pin assignments and
functional pin descriptions are provided in Table 1.
Skyworks Green™ products are compliant with
all applicable legislation and are halogen-free.
For additional information, refer to Skyworks
Definition of Green™, document number
SQ04-0074.
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
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AAT3685
C2
10 μF
BATT−
TEMP
A
dapter or USB Input
Battery Pack
Serial Data
ADP/USB
PWRSEL
GND
TS
BAT
BATT+
Input Hi/Lo Select
STAT1
R
SETH
R
SETL
SETH
SETL
CHR
EN
STAT2
DATA
Enable
tc424
Figure 1. AAT3685 Typical Application Circuit
ADP/USB
BAT
GND
1
CHR
EN
TS
SETH
SETL
PWRSEL
STAT1
STAT2
DATA
2
3
4
5
6
12
11
10
9
8
7
tc425
Figure 2. AAT3685 Pinout – 12-Pin, 3 mm 3 mm TDFN
(Top View)
Table 1. AAT3685 Signal Descriptions
Pin Name Type Description
1 ADP/USB In Line adapter or USB power supply input.
2 BAT In/Out Battery charging and sensing.
3 GND Ground Ground connection.
4 CHR In/Out Resistor divider to set USB voltage regulation for charge reduction mode. Leave this pin open for default 4.5 V USB
regulation point. Tie to ADP/USB pin to disable this function.
5 EN In Enable pin. Logic high enables the IC.
6 TS In/Out Connect to 10 k NTC thermistor.
7 DATA In/Out Status report to microcontroller via serial interface, open-drain.
8 STAT2 Out Battery charge status indicator pin to drive an LED: active low, open-drain.
9 STAT1 Out Battery charge status indicator pin to drive an LED: active low, open-drain.
10 PWRSEL In When ADP/USB is present, use this pin to toggle between SETH and SETL charging levels.
11 SETL In/Out Connect resistor here to set charge current for low-current port.
12 SETH In/Out Connect resistor here to set charge current for high-current port.
EP Exposed paddle (bottom); connect to GND directly beneath package.
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Electrical and Mechanical Specifications
Table 2 shows the AAT3685 feature options. The absolute
maximum ratings of the AAT3685 are provided in Table 3, the
thermal information is listed in Table 4, and electrical
specifications are provided in Table 5.
Typical performance characteristics of the AAT3685 are illustrated
in Figures 3 through 21.
Table 2. AAT3685 Feature Options
Part Number Internal Pull-up Resistor on EN Pin Can Leave TS Pin Open
AAT3685 No No
AAT3685-1 Yes Yes
Table 3. AAT3685 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units
ADP/USB input voltage, <30 ms, duty cycle <10% VADP 0.3 7.0 V
ADP/USB input voltage, continuous VADP 0.3 6.0 V
BAT, PWRSEL, SETH, SETL, STAT1, STAT2, DATA, TS, CHR, EN VN 0.3 6.0 V
Operating junction temperature range TJ 40 +85 ºC
Maximum soldering temperature (at leads) TLEAD 300 ºC
Note 1: Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may reduce device reliability. There is no damage to device with only one parameter set at the limit and all other
parameters set at or below their nominal value. Exceeding any of the limits listed may result in permanent damage to the device.
Table 4. AAT3685 Thermal Information
Parameter Symbol Value Units
Maximum thermal resistance (Note 1) JA 50 ºC/W
Maximum power dissipation PD 2 W
Note 1: Mounted on an FR4 board.
CAUTION: Although this device is designed to be as robust as possible, electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage this device. This device
must be protected at all times from ESD. Static charges may easily produce potentials of several kilovolts on the human body
or equipment, which can discharge without detection. Industry-standard ESD precautions should be used at all times.
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
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Table 5. AAT3685 Electrical Specifications (1 of 2) (Note 1)
(VADP = 5 V, TA = –40 C to +85 C. Unless Otherwise Noted, Typical Values are TA = 25 C)
Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typical Max Units
Operation
Input voltage range ADP/USB 4.0 5.5 V
Under-voltage lockout VUVLO Rising edge 3.0 V
Under-voltage lockout hysteresis 150 mV
Operating current IOP CC charge current = 500 mA 0.75 1.5 mA
Sleep mode current ISLEEP VBAT = 4.25 V 0.3 1.0 A
Reverse leakage current from BAT pin ILEAKAGE VBAT = 4 V, ADP/USB pin open 1.0 A
End of charge voltage accuracy (Note 2) VBAT_EOC 4.158 4.2 4.242 V
EOC voltage tolerance VBAT/VBAT 0.5 %
Preconditioning voltage threshold VMIN 2.8 3.0 3.15 V
Battery recharge voltage threshold VRCH VBAT_EOC − 0.1 V
Charge reduction regulation VADP/USB_CHR No connection on CHR pin 4.3 4.5 4.64 V
CHR pin voltage accuracy VCHR 1.9 2.0 2.1 V
Current Regulation
Charge current ICH 50 1000 mA
Charge current regulation tolerance ICH/ICH 10 %
SETH pin voltage VSETH CC Mode 2.0 V
SETL pin voltage VSETL CC Mode 2.0 V
Current set factor: ICHARGE/ISETH KIUH 2000
Current set factor: ICHARGE/ISETL KIUL 2000
Charging Devices
Charge MOSFET transistor on resistance RDS(ON)U VIN = 5.5 V 0.4 0.5 0.65
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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201888C • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • September 23, 2014 5
Table 5. AAT3685 Electrical Specifications (2 of 2) (Note 1)
(VADP = 5 V, TA = –40 C to +85C. Unless Otherwise Noted, Typical Values are TA = 25 C)
Logic Control/Protection
Input high threshold VPWRSEL(H) 1.6 V
Input low threshold VPWRSEL(L) 0.4 V
Input high threshold VEN(H) 1.6 V
Input low threshold VEN(L) 0.4 V
Output low voltage VSTAT STAT pin sinks 4 mA 0.4 V
STAT pin current sink capability ISTAT 8.0 mA
Over-voltage protection threshold VOVP 4.4 V
Pre-charge current ITK/ICHG For SETH Mode 10 %
For SETL Mode 50 %
Charge termination threshold current ITERM/ICHG For SETH Mode 7.5 %
Charge termination threshold current ITERM/ICHG For SETL Mode 35 %
Current source from TS pin ITS 70 80 90 A
TS hot temperature fault TS1 Threshold 310 330 350 mV
Hysteresis 15 mV
TS cold temperature fault TS2 Threshold 2.2 2.3 2.4 V
Hysteresis 10 mV
DATA pin sink current IDATA DATA pin is active low state 3.0 mA
Input high threshold VDATA(H) 1.6 V
Input low threshold VDATA(L) 0.4 V
Status request pulse width SQPULSE Status request 200 ns
System clock period tPERIOD 50 s
Data output frequency fDATA 20 kHz
Over-temperature shutdown threshold TOVSD 145 °C
Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this table.
Note 2: The AAT3685 output charge voltage is specified over the 0 to 70 °C ambient temperature range; operation over the −40 °C to +85 °C temperature range is guaranteed by design.
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Typical Performance Characteristics
(VADP = 5 V, TA = –40 C to +85C. Unless Otherwise Noted, Typical Values are TA = 25 C)
RSET (kΩ
Ω
)
IFASTCHARGE (mA)
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100 1000
SETL
SETH
tc436
Figure 3. IFASTCHARGE vs RSET
Temperature (°
°
C)
4.040
4.050
4.060
4.070
4.080
4.090
4.100
4.110
4.120
4.130
4.140
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
VRCH (V)
tc438
Figure 5. Recharge Voltage vs Temperature
Temperature (°
°
C)
VMIN (V)
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
tc440
Figure 7. Preconditioning Threshold Voltage vs Temperature
Supply Voltage (V)
VBAT (V)
4.158
4.179
4.200
4.221
4.242
4.5 4.75 5 5.25 5.5
tc437
Figure 4. Battery Voltage vs Supply Voltage
Temperature (°
°
C)
4.158
4.179
4.200
4.221
4.242
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
VEOC (V)
tc439
Figure 6. End of Charge Voltage vs Temperature
Temperature (ºC)
ICH (mA)
80
90
100
110
120
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
tc441
Figure 8. Preconditioning Charge Current vs Temperature
(SETH; RSETH = 3.83 k)
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Temperature (ºC)
900
920
940
960
980
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1100
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
I
CH
(mA)
tc442
Figure 9. Fast Charge Current vs Temperature
(SETH; RSETH = 3.83 k)
Battery Voltage (V)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
ICH (mA)
tc444
Figure 11. Charge Current vs Battery Voltage
(SETL; RSETL = 40.2 k)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
4 4.5 5.5 6.556
V
BAT
= 3.3 V
V
BAT
= 3.5 V
V
BAT
= 3.9 V
Supply Voltage (V)
I
CH
(mA)
tc446
Figure 13. Fast Charge Current vs Supply Voltage
(SETL; RSETL = 40.2 k)
Battery Voltage (V)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
I
CH
(mA)
tc443
Figure 10. Charge Current vs Battery Voltage
(SETH; RSETH = 3.83 k)
Supply Voltage (V)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
4 4.25 4.5 4.75 5 5.25 5.5 5.75 6
VBAT = 3.3 V
VBAT = 3.9 V
VBAT = 3.5 V
ICH (mA)
tc445
Figure 12. Fast Charge Current vs Supply Voltage
(SETH; RSETH = 3.83 k)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
4.40 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 5.00
25 ºC
70 ºC
0 ºC
Supply Voltage (V)
I
CH
(mA)
tc447
Figure 14. Fast Charge Current vs Supply Voltage
(SETH; RSETH = 3.83 k)
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Supply Voltage (V)
V
IH
(V)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.64.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.65.8 6
–40 ºC+25 ºC
+85 ºC
tc448
Figure 15. VIH vs Supply Voltage (EN Pin Rising)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.64.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.65.8 6
Supply Voltage (V)
VIH (V)
–40 ºC+25 ºC
+85 ºC
tc450
Figure 17. VIH vs Supply Voltage (PWRSEL Pin Rising)
SETH Resistor (kΩ
Ω
)
IQ (mA)
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
1 10 100 1000
Constant Current
Pre-Conditioning
tc452
Figure 19. Supply Current vs SETH Resistor
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.64.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.65.8 6
V
IL
(V)
–40 ºC+25 ºC
+85 ºC
tc449
Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 16. VIL vs Supply Voltage (EN Pin Falling)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.64.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.65.8 6
+25 °C
+85 °C
VIL (V)
–40 ºC
tc451
Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 18. VIL vs Supply Voltage (PWRSEL Pin Falling)
Time (s)
USB V
BUS
(200 mV/div)
USB Charge
Current
(200 mA/div)
USB Peripheral
Current
Consumption
(200 mA/div)
02 46810
Charge Reduction
Mode Activated
tc453
Figure 20. Charge Current vs Time (SETH; RSETH = 8.06 k)
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Temperature (ºC)
TS Pin CUrrent (m
m
A)
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
tc454
Figure 21. Temperature Sense Output Current vs Temperature
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Charge
Control
Current
Compare
Reverse Blocking
CV/
Precharge
A
DP/USB
PWRSEL
Constant
Current
BAT
UVLO
Over-
Temperature
Protect
Charge
Status
STAT2
STAT1
TS
Window
Comparator
80 A
SETH
SETL
Serial
Data
DATA
GND
Charge
Reduction
Loop
CHR
EN
IC enable
tc425
Figure 22. AAT3685 Functional Block Diagram
Functional Description
A functional block diagram is shown in Figure 22.
The AAT3685 is a highly integrated single cell li-ion/polymer
battery charger IC designed to operate from adapter or USB port
VBUS supplies, while requiring a minimum number of external
components. The device precisely regulates battery charge
voltage and current for 4.2 V li-ion/polymer battery cells.
The AAT3685 is specifically designed for being powered from a
USB port VBUS supply, but it can also be powered from any input
voltage source capable supplying 4.5 V to 5.5 V for loads up to
1 A. The AAT3685 constant charge current can be externally
programmed for two levels, SETH and SETL, for maximum
constant current charge levels up to 1 A. The SETH/L mode has
an automatic Charge Reduction Loop control to allow users to
charge the battery with limited available current from a port
while maintaining the regulated port voltage. This system
assures the battery charge function will not overload the port
while charging if other system demands also share power with
the respective port supply.
Status monitor output pins are provided to indicate the battery
charge status by directly driving two external LEDs. A serial
interface output is available to report 14 various charge states
to a system microcontroller.
Battery temperature and charge state are fully monitored for
fault conditions. In the event of an over-voltage or over-
temperature failure, the device will automatically shut down,
thus protecting the charging device, control system, and the
battery under charge. In addition to internal charge controller
thermal protection, the AAT3685 also provides a temperature
sense feedback function (TS pin) from the battery to shut down
the device in the event the battery exceeds its own thermal limit
during charging. All fault events are reported to the user either
by the simple status LEDs or via the DATA pin function.
Charging Operation
The AAT3685 has four basic modes for the battery charge cycle
and is powered from the input: pre-conditioning/trickle charge;
constant current/fast charge; constant voltage; and end of
charge. For reference, Figure 23 shows the current versus
voltage profile during charging phases.
DATA SHEET • AAT3685 LI-ION/POLYMER BATTERY CHARGER
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Battery Preconditioning
Before the start of charging, the AAT3685 checks several
conditions in order to assure a safe charging environment. The
input supply must be above the minimum operating voltage, or
under-voltage lockout threshold (VUVLO), for the charging
sequence to begin. In addition, the cell temperature, as reported
by a thermistor connected to the TS pin from the battery, must
be within the proper window for safe charging. When these
conditions have been met and a battery is connected to the BAT
pin, the AAT3685 checks the state of the battery. If the cell
voltage is below the Preconditioning Voltage Threshold (VMIN),
the AAT3685 begins preconditioning the cell.
The battery preconditioning trickle charge current is equal to
the fast charge constant current divided by 10. For example, if
the programmed fast charge current is 500 mA, then the
preconditioning mode (trickle charge) current will be 50 mA.
Cell preconditioning is a safety precaution for a deeply
discharged battery and also aids in limiting power dissipation in
the pass transistor when the voltage across the device is at the
greatest potential.
Fast Charge/Constant Current Charging
Battery cell preconditioning continues until the voltage on the
BAT pin exceeds the Preconditioning Voltage Threshold (VMIN).
At this point, the AAT3685 begins the constant current fast
charging phase. The fast charge constant current (ICC)
amplitude is determined by the selected charge mode SETH or
SETL and is programmed by the user via the RSETH and RSETL
resistors. The AAT3685 remains in constant current charge
mode until the battery reaches the voltage regulation point,
VBAT.
Constant Voltage Charging
The system transitions to a constant voltage charging mode
when the battery voltage reaches output charge regulation
threshold (VBAT) during the constant current, fast charge phase.
The regulation voltage level is factory programmed to 4.2 V
(1%). The charge current in the constant voltage mode drops as
the battery cell under charge reaches its maximum capacity.
End of Charge Cycle Termination and Recharge Sequence
When the charge current drops to 7.5% of the programmed fast
charge current level in the constant voltage mode, the device
terminates charging and goes into a sleep state. The charger
will remain in a sleep state until the battery voltage decreases
to a level below the battery recharge voltage threshold (VRCH).
When the input supply is disconnected, the charger will also
automatically enter power-saving sleep mode. Only consuming
an ultra-low 0.3 A in sleep mode, the AAT3685 minimizes
battery drain when it is not charging. This feature is particularly
useful in applications where the input supply level may fall
below the battery charge or under-voltage lockout level. In such
cases where the AAT3685 input voltage drops, the device will
enter the sleep mode and automatically resume charging once
the input supply has recovered from its fault condition.
System Operation Flow Chart
Figure 24 illustrates the system operation flow chart for the
battery charger.
Constant Current
Charge Phase
Constant Voltage
Charge Phase
Preconditioning
Trickle Charge
Phase
Charge Complete Voltage
Constant Current Mode
Voltage Threshold
Regulated Current
Trickle Charge and
Termination Threshold
I = CC/10
I = Max CC
tc427
Figure 23 . Current vs Voltage Profile during Charging Phases
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No
No
No
No
No
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0
1
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Switch
On
UVLO
V
ADP
> V
UVLO
Input Power
Yes
Input Detect
PWRSEL= ?
SETL
Current Loop
SETH
Current Loop
Power On
Reset
Sleep
Mode
Fault
Conditions Monitor
OV, OT
Battery
Temperature Monitor
V
TS1
< V
TS
< V
TS2
Shut Down
Mode
Battery
Temp. Fault Input Voltage
Regulation
Enable
Recharge Test
V
RCH
> V
BAT
Preconditioning Test
V
MIN
> V
BAT
Low Current
Conditioning
Charge
Current
Charging
Mode
Charge
Current
Reduction
Port Voltage Test
V
ADP/USB
< V
ADP/USB
_
CHR
Voltage
Charging
Mode
Voltage Phase Test
Charge
Completed
I
BAT
> I
TERM
tc428
Current Phase Test
V
EOC
> V
BAT
Figure 24. System Operation Flowchart for the Battery Charger
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Application Information
USB System Power Charging
The USB charge mode provides two programmable fast charge
levels up to 1 A for each, SETH and SETL. The SETH or SETL
modes may be externally selected by the select pin (PWRSEL).
When the PWRSEL pin is connected to a logic high level, the
SETH level will be active. Conversely, when PWRSEL is pulled to
a logic low level (ground), the SETL level will be used for fast
charging. These two charge levels may be user programmed to
any level between 50 mA and 1 A by selecting the appropriate
resistor values for RSETH and RSETL. Refer to Table 6 for
recommended RSETH and RSETL values for the desired input
constant current charge levels.
Charge Reduction
In many instances, product system designers do not know the
real properties of a potential port to be used to supply power to
the battery charger. Typical powered USB ports commonly
found on desktop and notebook PCs should supply up to
500 mA. In the event a port being used to supply the charger is
unable to provide the programmed fast charge current, or if the
system under charge must also share supply current with other
functions, the AAT3685 will automatically reduce USB fast
charge current to maintain port integrity and protect the host
system.
The charge reduction system becomes active when the voltage
on the input falls below the charge reduction threshold
(VADP/USB_CHR), which is typically 4.5 V. Regardless of which
charge function is selected (SETH or SETL), the charge
reduction system will reduce the fast charge current level in a
linear fashion until the voltage sensed on the input recovers
above the charge reduction threshold voltage. The charge
reduction threshold (VADP/USB_CHR) may be externally set to a
value lower than 4.5 V by placing a resistor divider network
between VADP/USB and ground with the center connected to the
CHR pin. The charge reduction feature may be disabled by
connecting a 10 k resistor from the CHR pin directly to the
ADP/USB input pin.
The following equation may be used to approximate a USB
charge reduction threshold below 4.5 V:
12
1112
02 RRR
V.VADP/USB
where, R11/R12 << 1 M.
Figure 25 gives the internal equivalent circuit for the CHR pin.
Table 6. Constant Charging Current vs RSET
Constant Charging Current (mA) RSETH (k) RSETL (k)
50 86.6 86.6
75 57.6 57.6
100 42.2 42.2
200 21.0 20.5
300 13.7 13.7
400 10.2 10.2
500 8.06 8.06
600 6.65 6.65
700 5.62 5.62
800 4.87 4.87
900 4.32 4.32
1000 3.83 3.83
1.025 M
825 k
R11
R12
VCHR = 2.0
ADP/USB
CHR
tc429
VADP
/
USB
Figure 25. Internal Equivalent Circuit for the CHR Pin
Input Charge Inhibit and Resume
The AAT3685 UVLO and power on reset feature will function
when the input pin voltage level drops below the UVLO
threshold. At this point, the charger will suspend charging and
shut down. When power is re-applied to the ADP/USB pin or the
UVLO condition recovers, the system charge control will assess
the state of charge on the battery cell and will automatically
resume charging in the appropriate mode for the condition of
the battery.
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Single Path Charging from a Line Adapter or USB Source
Most USB charging applications limit charging current to 500
mA due to the limitations of a USB port as a power source. The
AAT3685 is capable of, and may be programmed for, constant
current charge levels up to 1 A. Thus, charging operation is not
just restricted to use with USB port supplies. Any power source
may be used within the operating voltage limits as specified in
the Electrical Characteristics section of this datasheet. This
makes the AAT3685 perfect for applications that only have one
input path, but may access either a line adapter source or a
USB port supply.
In order to fully utilize the power capacity from a line adapter or
USB port supply, program the SETH charge rate according to
the highest charging current capacity of the two possible
sources, providing that neither supply exceeds 1 A. A lower
charge level may be set with the SETL charge rate and selection
of the higher or lower charge rate is controlled via the PWRSEL
function. If the programmed charge rate is greater than the
current source capacity, there is little danger of system failure
because the AAT3685 charge reduction loop will activate to
automatically reduce the charging current and maintain a
supply voltage set by the CHR threshold. If the input supply is
incapable of maintaining an input voltage greater than the
under-voltage lockout level of the AAT3685, the charge control
will suspend charging until the source supply is capable of
supplying the minimum input current to charge. At this point,
the AAT3685 will automatically resume charging in the
appropriate mode based on the battery cell voltage. In case of
an over-temperature condition with a high charge current and
large input-to-battery voltage difference, the device will cycle
from charging to thermal shutdown and re-charge after
temperature drops sufficiently, until the battery is charged to
4.2 V.
Enable/Disable
The AAT3685 provides an enable function to control the charger
IC on and off. The enable (EN) pin is an active high. When pulled
to a logic low level, the AAT3685 will be shut down and forced
into the sleep state. Charging will be halted regardless of the
battery voltage or charging state. When the device is re-
enabled, the charge control circuit will automatically reset and
resume charging functions with the appropriate charging mode
based on the battery charge state and measured cell voltage.
Programming Charge Current
The fast charge constant current charge level for the ADP/USB
input is programmed with set resistors placed between the
SETH and SETL pins and ground. The accuracy of the fast
charge, as well as the preconditioning trickle charge current, is
dominated by the tolerance of the set resistors used. For this
reason, 1% tolerance metal film resistors are recommended for
programming the desired constant current level.
The fast charge constant current charge control provides for
two current set levels, SETH and SETL. The PWRSEL pin is used
to select the high or low charge current levels. When the
PWRSEL pin is pulled to a voltage level above the VPWRSEL(H)
threshold, the SETH current level will be selected. Conversely,
this pin should be pulled below the VPWRSEL(L) to enable the
SETL charge level. These two charge levels may be set to any
level between 50 mA and 1 A, depending upon the system
design requirements for a given charge application. Refer to
Table 6 and Figure 26 for recommended RSETH and RSETL
values.
RSET (kΩ
Ω
)
IFASTCHARGE (mA)
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100 1000
SETH
SETL
tc430
Figure 26. IFASTCHARGE vs RSET
Protection Circuitry
Over-Voltage Protection
An over-voltage event is defined as a condition where the
voltage on the BAT pin exceeds the maximum battery charge
voltage and is set by the over-voltage protection threshold
(VOVP). If an over-voltage condition occurs, the AAT3685 charge
control will shut down the device until voltage on the BAT pin
drops below the over-voltage protection threshold (VOVP). The
AAT3685 will resume normal charging operation after the over-
voltage condition is removed. During an over-voltage event, the
STAT LEDs will report a system fault; the actual fault condition
may also be read via the DATA pin signal.
Over-Temperature Shutdown
The AAT3685 has a thermal protection control circuit which will
shut down charging functions should the internal die
temperature exceed the preset thermal limit threshold.
Battery Temperature Fault Monitoring
As shown in Figure 27, in the event of a battery
over-temperature condition, the charge control will turn off the
internal pass device and report a battery temperature fault on
the DATA pin function. The STAT LEDs will also display a
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system fault. After the system recovers from a temperature
fault, the device will resume charging operation.
The AAT3685 checks battery temperature before starting the
charge cycle, as well as during all stages of charging. This is
accomplished by monitoring the voltage at the TS pin. This
system is intended for use negative temperature coefficient
(NTC) thermistors which are typically integrated into the battery
package. Most commonly used NTC thermistors used in battery
packs are approximately 10 k at room temperature (25 °C).
The TS pin has been specifically designed to source 80 A of
current to the thermistor. The voltage on the TS pin that results
from the resistive load should stay within a window from
335 mV to 2.32 V. If the battery becomes too hot during
charging due to an internal fault, the thermistor will heat up and
reduce in value, thus pulling the TS pin voltage lower than the
TS1 threshold, and the AAT3685 will halt charging and signal
the fault condition. If the use of the TS pin function is not
required by the system, it should be terminated to ground using
a 10 k resistor. Alternatively, on the AAT3685-1, the TS pin
may be left open.
TS
–
+
–
+
V
REF2
: 2.3 V
V
REF1
: 0.33 V
Battery Cold Fault
Battery Hot Fault
TS COLD (TS2)
TS HOT (TS1)
R
LO
R
HI
V
S
T
Battery
Pack
AAT3685
tc455
Figure 27. Battery Temperature Sensing Operation
11
11
COLD
IN
COLD
HOT
S
HOT
HOTCOLD
HOTCOLDS
LO
VV
R
VV
R
VV
RRV
R
COLDLO
COLD
S
HI
RR
VV
R11
1
Where,
VHOT = 0.33 V
VCOLD= 2.3 V
VS = supply voltage
RHOT = NTC resistance at high temperature
RCOLD = NTC resistance at low temperature
Battery Charge Status Indication
The AAT3685 indicates the status of the battery under charge
with two different systems. First, the device has two status LED
driver outputs. These two LEDs can indicate simple functions
such as no battery charge activity, battery charging, charge
complete, and charge fault. The AAT3685 also provides a
bi-directional data reporting function so that a system
microcontroller may interrogate the DATA pin and read any one
of 14 system states.
Status Indicator Display
Simple system charging status may be displayed using one or
two LEDs in conjunction with the STAT1 and STAT2 pins on the
AAT3685. These two pins are simple switches to connect the
display LED cathodes to ground. It is not necessary to use both
display LEDs if a user simply wants to have a single lamp to
show “charging” or “not charging.”
This can be accomplished by just using the STAT1 pin and a
single LED. Using two LEDs and both STAT pins simply gives
the user more information for charging states. Refer to Table 7
for LED display definitions.
Table 7. LED Display Status Conditions
Event Description STAT1 STAT2
Charge disabled or low supply Off Off
Charge enabled without battery Flash 1 Flash 1
Battery charging On Off
Charge completed Off On
Fault On On
The LED anodes should be connected to VADP/USB. The LEDs
should be biased with as little current as necessary to create
reasonable illumination; therefore, a ballast resistor should be
placed between each of the LED cathodes and the STAT1/2
pins. LED current consumption will add to the over-thermal
power budget for the device package, hence it is recommended
to keep the LED drive current to a minimum. 2mA should be
sufficient to drive most low-cost green, red, or multi-color LEDs.
It is not recommended to exceed 8 mA for driving an individual
status LED.
The required ballast resistor value can be estimated using the
following formulas:
)/STAT(LED
)LED(FUSB/ADP
B(STAT1/2) I
VV
R
21
Example:
k.
mA V.V.
RB(STAT1) 51
2
0205
Note: Red LED forward voltage (VF) is typically 2.0 V @ 2 mA.
Table 7 shows the status LED display conditions.
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Digital Charge Status Reporting
The AAT3685 has a comprehensive digital data reporting
system by use of the DATA pin feature. This function can
provide detailed information regarding the state of the charging
system. The DATA pin is a bi-directional port which will read
back a series of data pulses when the system microcontroller
asserts a request pulse. This single strobe request protocol will
invoke one of 14 possible return pulse counts in which the
microcontroller can look up based on the serial report shown in
Table 8.
The DATA pin function is active low and should normally be
pulled high to VADP/USB. This data line may also be pulled high
to the same level as the high state for the logic I/O port on the
system microcontroller. In order for the DATA pin control circuit
to generate clean sharp edges for the data output and to
maintain the integrity of the data timing for the system, the pull-
up resistor on the data line should be low enough in value so
that the DATA signal returns to the high state without delay. If
the value of the pull-up resistor used is too high, the strobe
pulse from the system microcontroller may exceed the
maximum pulse time and the DATA output control could issue
false status reports. A 1.5 k resistor is recommended when
pulling the DATA pin high to 5.0 V at the VUSB input. If the data
line is pulled high to a voltage level less than 5.0 V, the pull-up
resistor may be calculated based on a recommended minimum
pull-up current of 3 mA. Use the following formula:
mA
V
RUP-PULL
UP-PULL 3

Data Timing
The system microcontroller should assert an active low data
request pulse for minimum duration of 200ns; this is specified
by tLO(DATA). Upon sensing the rising edge of the end of the data
request pulse, the AAT3685 status data control will reply the
data word back to the system microcontroller after a delay
specified by the data report time specification tDATA(RPT). The
period of the following group of data pulses will be specified by
the tDATA specification.
Figures 28 and 29 depict the data pin application circuit and the
timing diagram.
Table 8. Serial Data Report Table
N DATA Report Status
1 Chip over-temperature shutdown
2 Battery temperature fault
3 Over-voltage turn off
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 Not used
7 Not used
8 Not used
9 Not used
10 Not used
11 Not used
12 Not used
13 SETH battery condition mode
14 SETH charge reduction in constant current mode
15 SETH constant current mode
16 SETH constant voltage mode
17 SETH end of charging
18 SETL battery condition mode
19 SETL charge end of charging reduction in constant current
mode
20 SETL constant current mode
21 SETL constant voltage mode
22 SETL end of charging
23 Data report error
AAT3685
Status
Control
1.8 V to 5.0 V
DATA Pin
RPULL-UP
P GPIO
Port
GPIO
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
tc431
Figure 28. Data Pin Application Circuit
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SQ
SQPULSE
Data
CK
t
SYNC
t
DATA
(
RPT
) = t
SYNC
+ t
LAT
< 2.5P
DATA
t
OFF
> 2P
DATA
t
LAT
t
OFF
N = 1 N = 2 N = 3
PDATA
System Reset
System Start
tc432
Figure 29. Timing Diagram
Thermal Considerations
The AAT3685 is packaged in a Pb-free, 3 3 mm TDFN
package which can provide up to 2.0 W of power dissipation
when it is properly bonded to a printed circuit board and has a
maximum thermal resistance of 50 °C/W. Many considerations
should be taken into account when designing the printed circuit
board layout, as well as the placement of the charger IC
package in proximity to other heat generating devices in a given
application design. The ambient temperature around the
charger IC will also have an effect on the thermal limits of a
battery charging application. The maximum limits that can be
expected for a given ambient condition can be estimated by the
following discussion.
First, the maximum power dissipation for a given situation
should be calculated:

OPINCCBATIND IVIVVP (1)
Where:
PD = total power dissipation by the device
VIN = input voltage level, VADP/USB
VBAT = battery voltage as seen at the bat pin
ICC = maximum constant fast charge current programmed for
the application
IOP = quiescent current consumed by the charger IC for normal
operation.
Next, the maximum operating ambient temperature for a given
application can be estimated based on the thermal resistance of
the 3 3 mm TDFN package when sufficiently mounted to a
PCB layout and the internal thermal loop temperature threshold.

DJAJA PTT
(2)
Where:
TA = ambient temperature (°C)
TJ = maximum device junction temperature protected by the
thermal limit control (°C)
PD = total power dissipation by the device (W)
JA = package thermal resistance (°C/W)
Example: For an application where the fast charge current is set
to 500 mA, VUSB = 5.0 V and the worst case battery voltage at
3.0 V, what is the maximum ambient temperature at which the
thermal limiting will become active?
Given:
VUSB = 5.0 V
VBAT = 3.0 V
ICC = 500 mA
IOP = 0.75 mA
TJ = 140 °C
JA = 50 °C/W
Using Equation 1, calculate the device power dissipation for the
stated condition:
W.mA.V.mAV.V.PD003751750055000305
The maximum ambient temperature before the AAT3685
thermal limit protection will shut down charging can now be
calculated using Equation 2:
C.W.W/CCTA
918900375150140
Therefore, under the stated conditions for this worst case power
dissipation example, the AAT3685 will suspend charging
operations when the ambient operating temperature rises above
89.81 °C.
Capacitor Selection
Input Capacitor
In general, it is good design practice to place a decoupling
capacitor between the ADP/USB pin and ground. An input
capacitor in the range of 1 F to 22 F is recommended. If the
source supply is unregulated, it may be necessary to increase
the capacitance to keep the input voltage above the
under-voltage lockout threshold during device enable and when
battery charging is initiated.
If the AAT3685 input is to be used in a system with an external
power supply source rather than a USB port VBUS, such as a
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typical AC-to-DC wall adapter, then a CIN capacitor in the range
of 10 F should be used. A larger input capacitor in this
application will minimize switching or power bounce effects
when the power supply is “hot plugged” in. Likewise, a 10 F
or greater input capacitor is recommended for the USB input to
help buffer the effects of USB source power switching noise and
input cable impedance.
Output Capacitor
The AAT3685 only requires a 1 F ceramic capacitor on the
BAT pin to maintain circuit stability. This value should be
increased to 10 F or more if the battery connection is made
any distance from the charger output. If the AAT3685 is to be
used in applications where the battery can be removed from the
charger, such as in the case of desktop charging cradles, an
output capacitor greater than 10 F may be required to prevent
the device from cycling on and off when no battery is present.
Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations
For the best results, it is recommended to physically place the
battery pack as close as possible to the AAT3685 BAT pin. To
minimize voltage drops on the PCB, keep the high current
carrying traces adequately wide. For maximum power
dissipation of the AAT3685 3 3 mm TDFN package, the metal
substrate should be solder bonded to the board. It is also
recommended to maximize the substrate contact to the PCB
ground plane layer to further increase local heat dissipation.
Refer to the AAT3685 evaluation board information for a good
layout example.
Evaluation Board Description
The AAT3685 Evaluation Board is used to test the performance
of the AAT3685. An Evaluation Board schematic diagram is
provided in Figure 30. Layer details for the Evaluation Board are
shown in Figure 31. The Evaluation Board has additional
components for easy evaluation; the actual bill of materials
required for the system is shown in Table 9.
Package Information
Package dimensions for the 10-pin TDFN package are shown in
Figure 32. Tape & reel dimensions are shown in Figure 33.
GRN
LED D2
RED
LED D1
R8
1.5 k
R5 R6
R9
Open
R3
R4
R7
123
PWRSEL
J2
SW1
LOHI
DATA
1 2 3
ON/OFF
J1
ADP/USB
1
BAT
2
GND
3
CHR
4
EN
5
TS
6
DATA 7
STAT2 8
STAT1 9
PWRSEL 10
SETL 11
SETH 12
AAT3685
U1
1
2
TB1
BAT
GND
TS
ADP/USB
ADP/USB
GND
TDFN33-12
1
2
3
4
5
Mini-B
10 F
C2
10 F
C1
GND
ID
D+
D-
1
2
3
TB2
Open
R2
Open
R1
1.5 k
10 k
8.06 k40.2 k
1.5 k
tc433
Figure 30. AAT3685 Evaluation Board Schematic
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(a) Component Side layout (b) Solder Side Layout
tc434
Figure 31. AAT3685 Evaluation Board Layer Details
Table 9. AAT3685 Evaluation Board Bill of Materials
Component Part Number Description Footprint Manufacturer
DATA 6821-0-0001-00-00-08-0 Test pin PAD Mill-Max
USB, GND 277-1274-ND Connecting terminal block, 2.54 mm, 2 Pos TBLOK2 Phoenix Contact
BAT, GND, TS 277-1273-ND Connecting terminal block, 2.54 mm, 3 Pos TBLOK3 Phoenix Contact
USB H2959CT-ND USB 2.0 receptacle, 5 Pos USB-MINI-B Hirose Electronic Co. Ltd.
C1, C2 490-1717-1-ND Capacitor, ceramic, 10 F, 6.3 V, 10% X5R 0805 0805 Murata
D1 CMD15-21SRC/TR8 Typical red led, super bright 1206LED Chicago Miniature Lamp
D2 CMD15-21VGC/TR8 Typical green led 1206LED Chicago Miniature Lamp
J1, J2 6821-0-0001-00-00-08-0 Header, 3-pin HEADER2MM-3 Sullins
R4 P10KCFCT-ND Resistor, 10 k 1/16 W, 5% 0603 SMD 0603 Panasonic/ECG
R5, R6, R9 P1.5KCGCT-ND Resistor, 1.5k 1/16 W, 1% 0603 SMD 0603 Panasonic/ECG
R7 P40.2KHTR-ND Resistor, 40.2 k 1/16 W,1% 0603 SMD 0603 Panasonic/ECG
R8 P8.06KHCT-ND Resistor, 8.06 k 1/16 W, 1% 0603 SMD 0603 Panasonic/ECG
SW1 CKN9012-ND Switch tact 6 mm SPST H = 5.0 mm SWITCH ITT Industries/ C&K Div.
U1 AAT3685IWP AAT3685 lithium-Ion/polymer battery charger TDFN33-12 Skyworks
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Top View Bottom View
Detail "A"
Side View
Index Area Detail "A"
1.70 ±
±
0.05
0.05 ±
±
0.05
0.23 ±
±
0.05
0.75 ±
±
0.05
2.40 ±
±
0.05
0.43 ±
±
0.05
0.45 0.050.23 ±
±
0.05
0.1 REF
Pin 1 Indicator
(optional)
C0.3
3.00 ±
±
0.05
3.00 ±
±
0.05
tc435
Figure 32. AAT3685 12-pin TDFN Package Dimensions
1.75 ± 0.10
2.40 ± 0.05
2.40 ± 0.05
1.50 ± 0.10 1.00 ± 0.05
0.254 ± 0.020
3.50 ± 0.05
2.00 ± 0.05
8.10 ± 0.20
4.00 ± 0.10
4.00 ± 0.10 Pin 1 Location
tc422
All dimensions are in millimeters.
Figure 33. AAT3685 Tape and Reel Dimensions
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Ordering Information
Model Name Part Marking (Note 1) Manufacturing Part Number (Note 2) Evaluation Board Part Number
AAT3685: li-ion/polymer battery charger RNXYY AAT3685IWP-4.2-T1 AAT3685IWP-4.2-EVB
Note 1: XYY = assembly and date code.
Note 2: Sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in BOLD.
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