AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Features Description - Complete PWM Power Control Circuitry - Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or Source Current - Output Control Selects Single-Ended or Push-Pull Operation - Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at Either Output - Variable Dead Time Provides Control Over Total Range - Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V Reference Supply with 3% Tolerance - Circuit Architecture allows Easy Synchronization The AP494 incorporates on a single monolithic chip all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation control circuit. Designed primarily for power supply control, this device offers the systems engineer the flexibility to tailor the power supply control circuitry to a specific application. The AP494 contains two error amplifiers, one adjustable on-chip oscillator, a dead-time control (DTC) comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-V, 3%-precision regulator, and output-control circuits. The error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from -0.3V to VCC -2V. The dead-time control comparator has a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. The on-chipped oscillator may be bypassed in two ways. One is to terminate RT to the reference output and the other one is to provide a sawtooth input to CT, or it may drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies. Connection Diagram (TOP VIEW) 1 IN+ 1 16 2 IN+ 1 IN- 2 15 2 IN- FEEDBACK 3 14 REF DTC 4 13 OUTPUT CTRL CT 5 12 Vcc RT 6 11 C2 GND 7 10 E2 C1 8 9 E1 The uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. The AP494 provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which may be selected through the output-control function. The architecture of this device prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation. The AP494 is characterized for operation from 0oC to 70oC. Ordering Information AP494 X X X X Temp. grade Package Lead Free Packing Blank: 0 ~70oC I : -40 ~85oC S16 : SOP-16L N16 : DIP-16L Blank : Normal L : Lead Free Package Blank : Tube A : Taping This datasheet contains new product information. Anachip Corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product. Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 1/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Functional Block Diagram OUTPUT CTRL (see Function Table) RT 6 CT 5 DTC 4 13 Oscillator ~0.1V ~ Q1 Dead-Time Control Comparator 1D 8 9 C1 1 1 IN + 2 1 IN - Error Amplifier 1 + - 2 IN + 16 2 IN - 15 Error Amplifier 2 + - 3 E1 Q2 11 C2 PWM Comparator 10 Pulse-Steering Flip-Flop 12 14 Reference Regulator 7 FEEDBACK C1 E2 Vcc REF GND 0.7mA Absolute Maximum Ratings Rating Power Supply Voltage Collector Output Voltage Collector Output Current (Each transistor) Amplifier Input Voltage Range Power Dissipation @ TA45oC Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Operating Ambient Temperature Range Derating Ambient Temperature Symbol VCC VC1, VC2 IC1, IC2 VIR PD RJA TJ Tstg TA TA Value 40 40 250 -0.3 to +40 1000 80 125 -55 to +125 0 to +70 45 Unit V V mA V mW o C/W o C o C o C o C Recommended Operating Conditions Characteristics Power Supply Voltage Collector Output Voltage Collector Output Current (Each transistor) Amplified Input Voltage Current Into Feedback Terminal Reference Output Current Timing Resistor Timing Capacitor Oscillator Frequency Symbol Min VCC 7.0 VC1,VC2 IC1,IC2 Vin -0.3 Ifb Iref RT 1.8 CT 0.0047 fOSC 1.0 Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw Typ 15 30 30 0.001 40 Max 40 40 200 VCC-2.0 0.3 10 500 10 200 Unit V V mA V mA mA k F kHz Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 2/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics o (VCC=15V, CT=0.01F, RT=12 K, unless otherwise noted.) For typical values TA=25 C, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted) Characteristics REFERENCE SECTION Reference Voltage (IO=1.0mA) Line Regulation (VCC=7.0 V to 40V) Load Regulation (IO=1.0mA to 20mA) Short Circuit Output Current (Iref=0 V) OUTPUT SECTION Collector Off-State Current (VCC=40V, VCE=40V) Emitter Off-State Current (VCC=40V, VC=40V, VE=0V) Collector-Emitter Saturation Voltage (Note 1) Common-Emitter (VE=0V, IC=200mA) Emitter-Follower (VC=15V, IE=-200mA) Output Control Pin Current Low State (VOC0.4V) High State (VOC=Vref) Output Voltage Rise Time Common-Emitter (See Figure 4) Emitter-Follower (See Figure 5) Output Voltage Fall Time Common-Emitter (See Figure 4) Emitter-Follower (See Figure 5) Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Vref Regline Regload ISC 4.85 4.5 5.0 2.0 3.0 60 5.15 25 15 75 V mV mV mA IC(off) IE(off) - 2.0 - 100 -100 A A Vsat(C) Vsat(E) - 1.1 1.5 1.5 2.5 V IOCL IOCH - 10 0.2 3.5 A mA tr - 100 100 200 200 ns tf - 25 40 100 100 ns NOTE: 1. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient temperature as possible. ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION Input Offset Voltage (VO (Pin 3)=2.5V) Input Offset Current (VO (Pin 3)=2.5V) Input Bias Current (VO (Pin 3)=2.5V) Input Common Mode Voltage Range (VCC=40V, TA=25oC) Open Loop Voltage Gain (VO=3.0V, VO=0.5V to 3.5V, RL=2.0 k ) Unity-Gain Crossover Frequency (VO=0.5V to 3.5V, RL=2.0 k) Common Mode Rejection Ratio (VCC=40V) Output Sink Current (VO (Pin 3)=0.7V) Output Source Current (VO (Pin 3)=3.5V) PWM COMPARATOR SECTION (Test Circuit Figure 1) Input Threshold Voltage (Zero Duty Cycle) Input Sink Current (V (Pin 3)=0.7V) DEADTIME CONTROL SECTION (Test Circuit Figure 1) Input Bias Current (Pin 4)(VPin4=0V to 5.25V) Maximum Duty Cycle, Each Output, Push-Pull Mode (VPin4=0V, CT=0.01F, RT=12 k) Input Threshold Voltage (Pin4) (Zero Duty Cycle) (Maximum Duty Cycle) Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw VIO IIO IIB VICR - AVOL 70 95 - dB fC CMRR IOIO+ 64 0.3 -10 350 90 0.7 -15 - kHz dB mA mA VTH II- 0.3 4 0.7 4.5 - V mA IIB(DT) DCmax - -2.0 -10 A % 45 48 50 0 2.8 - 3.3 - Vth 2.0 10 5.0 250 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 to VCC-2.0 mV nA A V V Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 3/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics(Continued) o (VCC=15V, CT=0.01F, RT=12 K, unless otherwise noted.) For typical values TA=25 C, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted) Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit OSCILLATOR SECTION Frequency (CT=0.01F,RT=12 k) 10 kHz fOSC Standard Deviation of Frequency* (CT=0.001F, RT=30 k) fOSC 3.0 % o fOSC (V) Frequency Change with Voltage (VCC=7.0V to 40V, TA=25 C) 0.1 % Frequency Change with Temperature (TA=Tlow to Thigh) fOSC (T) 12 % (CT=0.01F, RT=12 k) TOTAL DEVICE Standby Supply Current(Pin6 at Vref, All other inputs and outputs mA ICC open) 5.5 10 (VCC=15V) 7.0 15 (VCC=40V) Average Supply Current mA (CT=0.01F, RT=12 k, V(Pin4)=2.0V) 7.0 (VCC=15V) (See Figure 4) *Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula, ( = N Xn - X n=1 N-1 )2 Figure 1. PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Vcc=15V 150 2W 12 4 Test Inputs 3 12 K 6 5 Vcc DTC C1 FEEDBACK E1 RT C2 CT E2 8 150 2W Output 1 9 11 Output 2 10 0.01F 1 2 16 15 1 IN + 1 IN 2 IN + Error Amplifiers 2 IN - 13 OUTPUT CTRL 50 K REF 14 GND 7 TEST CIRCUIT Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 4/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Figure 2. OPERATIONAL TEST CIRCUIT AND WAVEFORMS Vcc Voltage at C1 0V Vcc Voltage at C2 0V Voltage at CT DTC Threshold Voltage 0V Threshold Voltage FEEDBACK 0.7 V 0% Duty Cycle 0% MAX VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS Figure 3. AMPLIFIER CHARACTERISTICS + Error Amplifier Under Test FEEDBACK VIn + - Vref Other Amplifier Figure 4. COMMON-EMITTER CONFIGURATION 15 V Each Output Circuit tf 68 2W Output tr 90% CL=15 pF (See Note A) 90% 10% TEST CIRCUIT 10% OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM NOTE A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 5/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Figure 5. EMITTER-FOLLOWER CONFIGURATION 15 V 90% Each Output Circuit 90% 10% 10% Output 68 2W CL=15 pF (See Note A) tr tf OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM TEST CIRCUIT NOTE A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance. Figure 7. % DT, PERCENT DEADTIME (EACH OUTPUT) A - Amplifier Voltage Amplification - dB Figure 6. AMPLIFIER VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREQUENCY 100 VCC = 15V 90 Vo = 3V 80 TA = 25oC 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M Percent Deadtime versus Oscillator Frequency 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 0.001F 6 4 2 0 0.1 f - Frequency - Hz Figure 8. 1.9 VCC=15V VOC=Vref 1.CT=0.01uF RT=10k 2.CT=0.001uF RT=30k 1.8 VCE(sat), SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) % DC, PERCENT DUTY CUCLE (EACH OUTPUT) 50 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 100 (K) Figure 9. Emitter-Follower Configuration Output Saturation Voltage versus Emitter Current Percent Duty versus Deadtime Control Voltage 40 1 10 fOSC , OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (Hz) 3 VDT, DEADTIME CONTROL VOLTAGE (IV) Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0 100 200 IE, EMITTER CURRENT (mA) 300 Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 6/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Figure 10. Figure 11. Standby Supply Current versus Supply Voltage 10 1.4 9 ICC, SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) VCE(sat), SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) Common-Emitter Configuration Output Saturation Voltage versus Collector Current 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 100 200 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 300 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 VCC , SUPPLY VOLTAGE (v) IC, COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA) Figure 12. Oscillator Frequency versus Timing Resistance fOSC, OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY(HZ) 1000 (k) 500 VCC=15V 100 CT=0.001uF 10 0.01uF 1 0.5 0.1 0.1uF 1 10 100 RT, TIMING RESISTANCE () Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 500 1000 (k) Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 7/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Marking Information ( Top View ) 16 9 AC AP494 YY WW X X Logo Part No. 1 ID code Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package Xth week: 01~52 Year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002 8 ~ PDIP/SOP Package Dimension E H (1) Package Type: SOP-16L L VIEW "A" D 7o(4X) y Symbol A A1 A2 B C D E e H L Dimensions In Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. 1.40 1.60 1.75 0.10 0.25 1.30 1.45 1.50 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.19 0.20 0.25 9.80 9.90 10.00 3.80 3.90 4.00 1.27 5.80 6.00 6.20 0.38 0.71 1.27 0 8 Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw C B A1 e 7o(4X) A A2 0.015x45o VIEW "A" Dimensions In Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.055 0.063 0.069 0.040 0.010 0.051 0.057 0.059 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.0075 0.008 0.0098 0.386 0.390 0.394 0.150 0.154 0.157 0.050 0.228 0.236 0.244 0.015 0.028 0.050 0 8 Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 8/9 AP494 Voltage Mode PWM Controller Package Information (Continued) (2) Package Type: PDIP-16L E1 D TOP E-PIN INDENT BOTTOM 3-PIN INDENT 0.079 inch 0.118 inch E A A2 7 (4X) 0.005 E1 15O (4X) O C L R0.005 B2 B e eB B1 D1 eB DETAIL A DETAIL A Symbol A A1 A2 B B1 B2 C D D1 E E1 e L eB Dimensions In Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. 4.57 0.38 3.15 3.33 3.50 0.36 0.46 0.56 1.14 1.27 1.52 0.81 0.99 1.17 0.20 0.25 0.33 18.90 19.10 19.30 0.56 0.69 0.76 7.62 8.26 6.15 6.35 6.55 2.54 2.92 3.81 8.38 9.40 Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw Dimensions In Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.180 0.015 0.124 0.131 0.138 0.014 0.018 0.022 0.045 0.050 0.060 0.032 0.039 0.046 0.008 0.010 0.013 0.744 0.752 0.760 0.022 0.027 0.030 0.3000 0.325 0.242 0.250 0.258 0.100 0.115 0.150 0.330 0.370 Rev.A3 Feb 12, 2004 9/9