VRE100
VRE100DS 1
VRE100, VRE101, VRE102
DESCRIPTION
VRE100 Series Precision Voltage References provide
ultrastable +10 V (VRE100) and ±10 V (VRE102) out-
puts with ±1.0 mV initial accuracy and temperature co-
efcient as low as 1.09 ppm/°C over the full military
temperature range. This improvement in accuracy is
made possible by a unique, proprietary multipoint laser
compensation technique.
Signicant improvements have been made in other
performance parameters as well, including initial ac-
curacy, warm-up drift, line regulation, and long-term
stability, making the VRE100 series the most accurate
and stable 10 V reference available.
VRE100/102 devices are available in two operat-
ing temperature ranges, -25°C to +85°C and -55°C
to +125°C, and two performance grades. All devices
are packaged in 14-pin hermetic ceramic packages
for maximum long-term stability. “M” versions are
screened for high reliability and quality.
Superior stability, accuracy, and quality make these
references ideal for precision applications such as A/D
and D/A converters, high-accuracy test and measure-
ment instrumentation, and transducer excitation.
FEATURES
♦ Very High Accuracy: ±10 V Output, ±1.0 mV
♦ Extremely Low Drift: 1.09 ppm/ºC (-55ºC to
+125ºC)
♦ Low Warm-up Drift: 1.0 ppm Typical
♦ Excellent Stability: 6 ppm/1000 Hrs. Typical
♦ Excellent Line Regulation: 3 ppm/V Typical
♦ Hermetic 14-pin Ceramic DIP
♦ Military Processing Option
APPLICATIONS
♦ Precision A/D and D/A Converters
♦ Transducer Excitation
♦ Accurate Comparator Threshold Reference
♦ High Resolution Servo Systems
♦ Digital Voltmeters
♦ High Precision Test and Measurement Instru-
ments
VRE100
VRE102
Figure 1. BLOCK DIAGRAMS
Precision Voltage Reference
VRE100/102
Copyright © Apex Microtechnology, Inc. 2012
(All Rights Reserved)
www.apexanalog.com SEP 2012
VRE100DS REVK
VRE100
2 VRE100DS
1. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
VPS =±15V, T = +25°C, RL = 10K UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
Grade C CA M MA
Parameter Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Units
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Power Supply ±13.5 ±22 * * * * * * V
Operating Temperature -25 +85 * * -55 +125 -55 +125 ºC
Storage Temperature -65 +150 * * * * * * ºC
Short Circuit Protection Continuous * * *
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VRE100 +10 * * * V
VRE102 ±10 * * * V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERRORS
Initial Error ±1.2 ±1.0 ±1.7 ±1.5 mV
Warmup Drift 2 1 2 1 ppm
TMIN - TMAX (Note1) 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.0 mV
Long-Term Stability 6 * * * ppm/1000hrs
Noise (0.1 - 10Hz) 6 * * * µVpp
OUTPUT CURRENT
Range ±10 * * * mA
REGULATION
Line 3 10 * * * * * * ppm/V
Load 3 * * * ppm/mA
OUTPUT ADJUSTMENT
Range 20 * * * mV
Temperature Coefcient 4 * * * V/ºC/mV
POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (Note 2)
VRE100 +PS 5 7 * * * * * * mA
VRE102 +PS 7 9 * * * * * * mA
VRE102 -PS 4 6 * * * * * * mA
NOTES:
* Same as C Models.
1. Using the box method, the specied value is the maximum deviation from the output voltage at 25°C
over the specied operating temperature range.
2. The specied values are unloaded.
VRE100
VRE100DS 3
Model Output (V)
Temperature
Operating Range Volt Deviation (MAX)
VRE100MA +10 -55°C to +125°C ±1.0mV
VRE102C
VRE102CA
VRE102M
±10
±10
±10
-25°C to +85°C
-25°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
±0.8mV
±0.6mV
±1.2mV
SELECTION GUIDE
2. THEORY OF OPERATION
The following discussion refers to the block diagrams in Figure 1. In operation, approximately 6.3 volts is applied
to the noninverting input of the op amp. The voltage is amplied by the op amp to produce a 10.000 V output. The
gain is determined by the networks R1 and R2: G=1 + R2/R1. The 6.3 V zener diode is used because it is the most
stable diode over time and temperature.
The zener operating current is derived from the regulated output voltage through R3. This feedback arrangement
provides a closely regulated zener current. This current determines the slope of the references’ voltage vs. tempera-
ture function. By trimming the zener current a lower drift over temperature can be achieved. But since the voltage
vs. temperature function is nonlinear this compensation technique is not well suited for wide temperature ranges.
A nonlinear compensation network of thermistors and resistors is used in the VRE series voltage references. This
proprietary network eliminates most of the nonlinearity in the voltage vs. temperature function. By then adjusting the
slope, this series produces a very stable voltage over wide temperature ranges. This network is less than 2% of the
overall network resistance so it has a negligible effect on long term stability. By using highly stable resistors in our
network, we produce a voltage reference that also has very good long term stability.
3. APPLICATION INFORMATION
Page 5 shows the proper connection of the VRE100 series voltage reference with the optional trim resistors. When
trimming the VRE102, the positive voltage should be trimmed rst since the negative voltage tracks the positive
side. Pay careful attention to the circuit layout to avoid noise pickup and voltage drops in the lines.
The VRE100 series voltage references have the ground terminal brought out on two pins (pin 6 and pin 7) which
are connected together internally. This allows the user to achieve greater accuracy when using a socket. Voltage
references have a voltage drop across their power supply ground pin due to quiescent current owing through the
contact resistance. If the contact resistance was constant with time and temperature, this voltage drop could be
trimmed out. When the reference is plugged into a socket, this source of error can be as high as 20 ppm. By con-
necting pin 7 to the power supply ground and pin 6 to a high impedance ground point in the measurement circuit,
the error due to the contact resistance can be eliminated. If the unit is soldered into place the contact resistance is
sufciently small that it doesn’t effect performance. The VRE series voltage references can be connected with or
without the use of pin 6 and still provide superior performance.
Hermetic 14-pin Ceramic DIP
Package Style HC
VRE100
4 VRE100DS
Temperature oC
VRE102C
VOUT vs. TEMPERATURE VOUT vs. TEMPERATURE VOUT vs. TEMPERATURE VOUT vs. TEMPERATURE
Temperature oC
VRE102CA
Temperature oC
VRE102M
Temperature oC
VRE100MA
QUIESCENT CURRENT VS. TEMP
Temperature oC
JUNCTION TEMP. RISE VS. OUTPUT CURRENT
Output Current (mA)
PSRR VS. FREQUENCY
Frequency (Hz)
VRE100
VRE102
QUIESCENT CURRENT VS. TEMP
Temperature oC
JUNCTION TEMP. RISE VS. OUTPUT CURRENT
Output Current (mA)
PSRR VS. FREQUENCY
Frequency (Hz)
POSITIVE OUTPUT
NEGATIVE OUTPUT
QUIESCENT CURRENT VS. TEMP
Temperature
o
C
JUNCTION TEMP. RISE VS. OUTPUT CURRENT
Output Current (mA)
PSRR VS. FREQUENCY
Frequency (Hz)
0.8
-0.8 -0.6
0.6
-1.2
1.2
4. TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
VRE100
VRE100DS 5
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
PIN CONFIGURATION
1. Optional Fine Adjust for approximately ±20mV. VRE101 center tap connects to -PS.
TOP VIEW
TOP VIEW
VRE102
VRE100
GND
REF.
GND
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
FINE
ADJ.
+10V
FINE
ADJ.
+PS
NC
NC
NC
+ADJ.
+10V
+ADJ.
+PS
NC
NC
NC
GND
REF.
GND
NC
-10V
-ADJ.
-ADJ.
-PS
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
Apex Microtechnology, Inc. has made every effort to insure the accuracy of the content contained in this document. However, the information is subject to change
without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (expressed or implied). Apex Microtechnology reserves the right to make changes without further
notice to any specications or products mentioned herein to improve reliability. This document is the property of Apex Microtechnology and by furnishing this informa-
tion, Apex Microtechnology grants no license, expressed or implied under any patents, mask work rights, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual
property rights. Apex Microtechnology owns the copyrights associated with the information contained herein and gives consent for copies to be made of the informa-
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APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN PRODUCTS USED FOR
LIFE SUPPORT, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY, SECURITY DEVICES, OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS ARE UNDER-
STOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER OR THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
Apex Microtechnology, Apex and Apex Precision Power are trademarks of Apex Microtechnolgy, Inc. All other corporate names noted herein may be trademarks
of their respective holders.
Copyright © Apex Microtechnology, Inc. 2012
(All Rights Reserved)
www.apexanalog.com SEP 2012
VRE100DS REVJ