LM56
LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
Literature Number: SNIS120F
LM56
August 22, 2009
Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
General Description
The LM56 is a precision low power thermostat. Two stable
temperature trip points (VT1 and VT2) are generated by divid-
ing down the LM56 1.250V bandgap voltage reference using
3 external resistors. The LM56 has two digital outputs. OUT1
goes LOW when the temperature exceeds T1 and goes HIGH
when the the temperature goes below (T1–THYST). Similarly,
OUT2 goes LOW when the temperature exceeds T2 and goes
HIGH when the temperature goes below (T2–THYST). THYST is
an internally set 5°C typical hysteresis.
The LM56 is available in an 8-lead Mini-SO8 surface mount
package and an 8-lead small outline package.
Applications
■Microprocessor Thermal Management
■Appliances
■Portable Battery Powered 3.0V or 5V Systems
■Fan Control
■Industrial Process Control
■HVAC Systems
■Remote Temperature Sensing
■Electronic System Protection
Features
■Digital outputs support TTL logic levels
■Internal temperature sensor
■2 internal comparators with hysteresis
■Internal voltage reference
■Available in 8-pin SO and Mini-SO8 plastic packages
Key Specifications
■ Power Supply Voltage 2.7V–10V
■ Power Supply Current 230 μA (max)
■ VREF 1.250V ±1% (max)
■ Hysteresis Temperature 5°C
■ Internal Temperature Sensor Output Voltage:
(+6.20 mV/°C x T) + 395 mV
■Temperature Trip Point Accuracy:
LM56BIM LM56CIM
+25°C ±2°C (max) ±3°C (max)
+25°C to +85°C ±2°C (max) ±3°C (max)
−40°C to +125°C ±3°C (max) ±4°C (max)
Simplified Block Diagram and Connection Diagram
1289301
1289302
Order
Number
LM56BIM LM56BIMX LM56CIM LM56CIMX LM56BIMM LM56BIMMX LM56CIMM LM56CIMMX
NS Package
Number
M08A M08A M08A M08A MUA08A MUA08A MUA08A MUA08A
SOP-8 SOP-8 SOP-8 SOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8
Transport
Media
2500 Units 2500 Units 1000 Units 3500 Units 1000 Units 3500 Units
Rail Tape & Reel Rail Tape & Reel Tape & Reel Tape & Reel Tape & Reel Tape & Reel
Package
Marking
LM56BIM LM56BIM LM56CIM LM56CIM T02B T02B T02C T02C
© 2011 National Semiconductor Corporation 12893 www.national.com
LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
Typical Application
1289303
VT1 = 1.250V x (R1)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
VT2 = 1.250V x (R1 + R2)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
where:
(R1 + R2 + R3) = 27 kΩ and
VT1 or T2 = [6.20 mV/°C x T] + 395 mV therefore:
R1 = VT1/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ
R2 = (VT2/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ) − R1
R3 = 27 kΩ − R1 − R2
FIGURE 1. Microprocessor Thermal Management
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LM56
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Input Voltage 12V
Input Current at any pin (Note 2) 5 mA
Package Input Current(Note 2) 20 mA
Package Dissipation at TA = 25°C
(Note 4) 900 mW
ESD Susceptibility (Note 5)
Human Body Model - Pin 3 Only: 800V
All other pins 1000V
Machine Model 125V
Storage Temperature −65°C to + 150°C
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
Operating Temperature Range TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX
LM56BIM, LM56CIM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C
Positive Supply Voltage (V+)+2.7V to +10V
Maximum VOUT1 and VOUT2 +10V
Soldering process must comply with National
Semiconductor's Reflow Temperature Profile specifications.
Refer to www.national.com/packaging.(Note 3)
LM56 Electrical Characteristics
The following specifications apply for V+ = 2.7 VDC, and VREF load current = 50 μA unless otherwise specified. Boldface limits
apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Typical LM56BIM LM56CIM Units
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 6)Limits Limits (Limits)
(Note 7) (Note 7)
Temperature Sensor
Trip Point Accuracy (Includes ±2 ±3 °C (max)
VREF, Comparator Offset, and +25°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C ±2 ±3 °C (max)
Temperature Sensitivity errors) −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C ±3 ±4 °C (max)
Trip Point Hysteresis TA = −40°C 43 3 °C (min)
6 6 °C (max)
TA = +25°C 53.5 3.5 °C (min)
6.5 6.5 °C (max)
TA = +85°C 64.5 4.5 °C (min)
7.5 7.5 °C (max)
TA = +125°C 64 4 °C (min)
8 8 °C (max)
Internal Temperature +6.20 mV/°C
Sensitivity
Temperature Sensitivity Error ±2 ±3 °C (max)
±3 ±4 °C (max)
Output Impedance −1 μA ≤ IL ≤ +40 μA 1500 1500 Ω (max)
Line Regulation +3.0V ≤ V+ ≤ +10V,
+25 °C ≤ TA ≤ +85 °C
–0.72/
+0.36
–0.72/
+0.36
mV/V (max)
+3.0V ≤ V+ ≤ +10V,
−40 °C ≤ TA <25 °C
–1.14/
+0.61
–1.14/
+0.61
mV/V (max)
+2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ +3.3V ±2.3 ±2.3 mV (max)
VT1 and VT2 Analog Inputs
IBIAS Analog Input Bias Current 150 300 300 nA (max)
VIN Analog Input Voltage Range V+ − 1 V
GND V
VOS Comparator Offset 2 8 8 mV (max)
VREF Output
VREF VREF Nominal 1.250V V
VREF Error ±1 ±1 % (max)
±12.5 ±12.5 mV (max)
ΔVREF/ΔV+Line Regulation +3.0V ≤ V+ ≤ +10V 0.13 0.25 0.25 mV/V (max)
3 www.national.com
LM56
Typical LM56BIM LM56CIM Units
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 6)Limits Limits (Limits)
(Note 7) (Note 7)
+2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ +3.3V 0.15 1.1 1.1 mV (max)
ΔVREF/ΔILLoad Regulation Sourcing +30 μA ≤ IL ≤ +50 μA 0.15 0.15 mV/μA (max)
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
(Note 6) (Note 7)(Limits)
V+ Power Supply
ISSupply Current V+ = +10V 230 μA (max)
V+ = +2.7V 230 μA (max)
Digital Outputs
IOUT(“1”) Logical “1” Output Leakage V+ = +5.0V 1μA (max)
Current
VOUT(“0”) Logical “0” Output Voltage IOUT = +50 μA 0.4 V (max)
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions.
Note 2: When the input voltage (VI) at any pin exceeds the power supply (VI < GND or VI > V+), the current at that pin should be limited to 5 mA. The 20 mA
maximum package input current rating limits the number of pins that can safely exceed the power supplies with an input current of 5 mA to four.
Note 3: Reflow temperature profiles are different for lead-free and non-lead-free packages.
Note 4: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (junction to
ambient thermal resistance) and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PD = (TJmax–TA)/θJA or the number
given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For this device, TJmax = 125°C. For this device the typical thermal resistance (θJA) of the different
package types when board mounted follow:
Package Type θJA
M08A 110°C/W
MUA08A 250°C/W
Note 5: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharge through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged
directly into each pin.
Note 6: Typicals are at TJ = TA = 25°C and represent most likely parametric norm.
Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level).
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LM56
Typical Performance Characteristics
Quiescent Current vs Temperature
1289304
VREF Output Voltage vs Load Current
1289305
OUT1 and OUT2 Voltage Levels vs Load Current
1289332
Trip Point Hysteresis vs Temperature
1289307
Temperature Sensor Output Voltage vs Temperature
1289308
Temperature Sensor Output Accuracy vs Temperature
1289309
5 www.national.com
LM56
Trip Point Accuracy vs Temperature
1289310
Comparator Bias Current vs Temperature
1289311
OUT1 and OUT2 Leakage Current vs Temperature
1289312
VTEMP Output Line Regulation vs Temperature
1289331
VREF Start-Up Response
1289313
VTEMP Start-Up Response
1289314
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LM56
Functional Description
1289315
Pin Descriptions
V+This is the positive supply voltage pin. This pin should
be bypassed with a 0.1 μF capacitor to ground.
GND This is the ground pin.
VREF This is the 1.250V bandgap voltage reference output
pin. In order to maintain trip point accuracy this pin
should source a 50 μA load.
VTEMP This is the temperature sensor output pin.
OUT1 This is an open collector digital output. OUT1 is active
LOW. It goes LOW when the temperature is greater
than T1 and goes HIGH when the temperature drops
below T1– 5°C. This output is not intended to directly
drive a fan motor.
OUT2 This is an open collector digital output. OUT2 is active
LOW. It goes LOW when the temperature is greater
than the T2 set point and goes HIGH when the tem-
perature is less than T2– 5°C. This output is not in-
tended to directly drive a fan motor.
VT1 This is the input pin for the temperature trip point volt-
age for OUT1.
VT2 This is the input pin for the low temperature trip point
voltage for OUT2.
1289316
VT1 = 1.250V x (R1)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
VT2 = 1.250V x (R1 + R2)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
where:
(R1 + R2 + R3) = 27 kΩ and
VT1 or T2 = [6.20 mV/°C x T] + 395 mV therefore:
R1 = VT1/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ
R2 = (VT2/(1.25V) x 27 k)Ω–R1
R3 = 27 kΩ − R1 − R2
7 www.national.com
LM56
Application Hints
1.0 LM56 TRIP POINT ACCURACY SPECIFICATION
For simplicity the following is an analysis of the trip point ac-
curacy using the single output configuration show in Figure
2 with a set point of 82°C.
Trip Point Error Voltage = VTPE,
Comparator Offset Error for VT1E
Temperature Sensor Error = VTSE
Reference Output Error = VRE
1289317
FIGURE 2. Single Output Configuration
1. VTPE = ±VT1E − VTSE + VRE
Where:
2. VT1E = ±8 mV (max)
3. VTSE = (6.20 mV/°C) x (±3°C) = ±18.6 mV
4. VRE = 1.250V x (±0.01) R2/(R1 + R2)
Using Equations from page 1 of the datasheet.
VT1=1.25VxR2/(R1+R2)=(6.20 mV/°C)(82°C) +395 mV
Solving for R2/(R1 + R2) = 0.7227
then,
5. VRE = 1.250V x (±0.01) R2/(R1 + R2) = (0.0125) x (0.7227)
= ±9.03 mV
The individual errors do not add algebraically because, the
odds of all the errors being at their extremes are rare. This is
proven by the fact the specification for the trip point accuracy
stated in the Electrical Characteristic for the temperature
range of −40°C to +125°C, for example, is specified at ±3°C
for the LM56BIM. Note this trip point error specification does
not include any error introduced by the tolerance of the actual
resistors used, nor any error introduced by power supply vari-
ation.
If the resistors have a ±0.5% tolerance, an additional error of
±0.4°C will be introduced. This error will increase to ±0.8°C
when both external resistors have a ±1% tolerance.
2.0 BIAS CURRENT EFFECT ON TRIP POINT ACCURACY
Bias current for the comparator inputs is 300 nA (max) each,
over the specified temperature range and will not introduce
considerable error if the sum of the resistor values are kept to
about 27 kΩ as shown in the typical application of Figure 1 .
This bias current of one comparator input will not flow if the
temperature is well below the trip point level. As the temper-
ature approaches trip point level the bias current will start to
flow into the resistor network. When the temperature sensor
output is equal to the trip point level the bias current will be
150 nA (max). Once the temperature is well above the trip
point level the bias current will be 300 nA (max). Therefore,
the first trip point will be affected by 150 nA of bias current.
The leakage current is very small when the comparator input
transistor of the different pair is off (see Figure 3) .
The effect of the bias current on the first trip point can be de-
fined by the following equations:
where IB = 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The effect of the bias current on the second trip point can be
defined by the following equations:
where IB = 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The closer the two trip points are to each other the more sig-
nificant the error is. Worst case would be when VT1 = VT2 =
VREF/2.
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LM56
1289318
FIGURE 3. Simplified Schematic
3.0 MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
The majority of the temperature that the LM56 is measuring
is the temperature of its leads. Therefore, when the LM56 is
placed on a printed circuit board, it is not sensing the tem-
perature of the ambient air. It is actually sensing the temper-
ature difference of the air and the lands and printed circuit
board that the leads are attached to. The most accurate tem-
perature sensing is obtained when the ambient temperature
is equivalent to the LM56's lead temperature.
As with any IC, the LM56 and accompanying wiring and cir-
cuits must be kept insulated and dry, to avoid leakage and
corrosion. This is especially true if the circuit operates at cold
temperatures where condensation can occur. Printed-circuit
coatings are often used to ensure that moisture cannot cor-
rode the LM56 or its connections.
9 www.national.com
LM56
4.0 VREF AND VTEMP CAPACITIVE LOADING
1289319
FIGURE 4. Loading of VREF and VTEMP
The LM56 VREF and VTEMP outputs handle capacitive loading
well. Without any special precautions, these outputs can drive
any capacitive load as shown in Figure 4 .
5.0 NOISY ENVIRONMENTS
Over the specified temperature range the LM56 VTEMPoutput
has a maximum output impedance of 1500Ω. In an extremely
noisy environment it may be necessary to add some filtering
to minimize noise pickup. It is recommended that 0.1 μF be
added from V+ to GND to bypass the power supply voltage,
as shown in Figure 4 . In a noisy environment it may be nec-
essary to add a capacitor from the VTEMP output to ground. A
1 μF output capacitor with the 1500Ω output impedance will
form a 106 Hz lowpass filter. Since the thermal time constant
of the VTEMP output is much slower than the 9.4 ms time con-
stant formed by the RC, the overall response time of the
VTEMP output will not be significantly affected. For much larger
capacitors this additional time lag will increase the overall re-
sponse time of the LM56.
6.0 APPLICATIONS CIRCUITS
1289320
FIGURE 5. Reducing Errors Caused by Bias Current
The circuit shown in Figure 5 will reduce the effective bias
current error for VT2 as discussed in Section 3.0 to be equiv-
alent to the error term of VT1. For this circuit the effect of the
bias current on the first trip point can be defined by the fol-
lowing equations:
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LM56
where IB = 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
Similarly, bias current affect on VT2 can be defined by:
where IB = 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The current shown in Figure 6 is a simple overtemperature
detector for power devices. In this example, an audio power
amplifier IC is bolted to a heat sink and an LM56 Celsius tem-
perature sensor is mounted on a PC board that is bolted to
the heat sink near the power amplifier. To ensure that the
sensing element is at the same temperature as the heat sink,
the sensor's leads are mounted to pads that have feed
throughs to the back side of the PC board. Since the LM56 is
sensing the temperature of the actual PC board the back side
of the PC board also has large ground plane to help conduct
the heat to the device. The comparator's output goes low if
the heat sink temperature rises above a threshold set by R1,
R2, and the voltage reference. This fault detection output from
the comparator now can be used to turn on a cooling fan. The
circuit as shown in design to turn the fan on when heat sink
temperature exceeds about 80°C, and to turn the fan off when
the heat sink temperature falls below approximately 75°C.
1289321
FIGURE 6. Audio Power Amplifier Overtemperature Detector
11 www.national.com
LM56
1289322
FIGURE 7. Simple Thermostat
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LM56
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
8-Lead (0.150″ Wide) Molded Small Outline Package, JEDEC
Order Number LM56BIM, LM56BIMX, LM56CIM or LM56CIMX
NS Package Number M08A
8-Lead Molded Mini Small Outline Package (MSOP)
(JEDEC REGISTRATION NUMBER M0-187)
Order Number LM56BIMM, LM56BIMMX, LM56CIMM, or LM56CIMMX
NS Package Number MUA08A
13 www.national.com
LM56
Notes
LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
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