EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package General Description Features The MAX15101 is a small, low-dropout linear regulator optimized for networking, datacom, and server applications. The regulator delivers up to 1A from a 1.7V to 5.5V input supply with output accuracy of 1.6%. The output is adjustable down to 0.6V with a guaranteed dropout voltage of less than 100mV at full load. The internal p-channel switch is protected with a foldback current limit and thermal shutdown. 1.7V to 5.5V Operating Range 100mV Dropout Guaranteed at 1A 1.6% Output Accuracy Over Line, Load, and Temperature Adjustable Output from 0.6V to 5.2V Foldback Current Protection Thermal Shutdown Protection The MAX15101 features an external bypass input to reduce noise. This bypass input also serves as a softstart control. An enable input and power-good output are included for power sequence control. Low Noise 15VRMS (typ) Small 1.6mm x 2.7mm WLP Package The MAX15101 is available in a 1.6mm x 2.7mm WLP package and is fully specified from the -40C to +85C operating temperature range. Applications Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet. Networking Telecom/Datacom Servers Base Stations PLL Power Typical Operating Circuit INPUT (1.7V TO 5.5V) OUT IN CIN 2.2F OUTPUT (0.6V TO VIN - 200mV) MAX15101 R1 0 TO 4.6k EN PG FB POWER-GOOD OUTPUT GND SS_BYP CSS 100nF 19-6154; Rev 1; 8/16 R2 600 COUT 10F MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Absolute Maximum Ratings IN, SS_BYP, FB to GND..........................................-0.3V to +6V EN, PG, OUT to GND.................................-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V) OUT Short Circuit.......................................................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) WLP (derate 19.2mW/C above +70C).....................1538mW Operating Temperature Range............................ -40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65C to +150C Junction Temperature.......................................................+150C Soldering Temperature (reflow) (Note 1).......................... +260C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Note 1: The WLP package is constructed using a unique set of package techniques that impose a limit on the thermal profile. The device can be exposed during board-level solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of the solder profiles recommended in the industry-standard specification JEDEC 020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for IR/VPR and convection reflow. Preheating is required. Hand or wave soldering is not allowed. Package Thermal Characteristics (Note 2) WLP Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (JA)...........30C/W Note 2: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial. Electrical Characteristics (VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.5V, VEN = VIN, IOUT = 100mA, CIN = 2.2F, COUT = 22F, TA = TJ = -40C to +85C, typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5.5 V 1.624 1.69 V IN Input Voltage Range VIN Input Undervoltage Lockout VIN_UV Input Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis VIN_UV_HYS 1.7 VIN rising 40 mV OUT Output Voltage Range VOUT 0.6 5.2 Load Regulation IOUT = 30mA to 1A Line Regulation VIN = 1.7V to 5.5V, VOUT = 0.6V, IOUT = 190mA Dropout Voltage IOUT = 1A, VFB = 580mV (Note 4) 25 In-Regulation Current Limit VIN = 5.5V, VFB = 500mV 1.62 A Short-Circuit Foldback Current Limit VIN = 5.5V, VOUT = 0V, VFB < 100mV 1 A Output Shutdown Leakage VIN = 5.5V, VOUT = 0V, VEN = 0V Line Transient VIN = 0.5V, tRISE = tFALL = 5s www.maximintegrated.com 0.1 V -0.15 %/A +0.15 %/V 100 mV 4 2 A % Maxim Integrated 2 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Electrical Characteristics (continued) (VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.5V, VEN = VIN, IOUT = 100mA, CIN = 2.2F, COUT = 22F, TA = TJ = -40C to +85C, typical values are at TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Load Transient IOUT = 100mA to 1A to 100mA, tRISE = tFALL = 1s 1.3 % Power-Supply Rejection Frequency = 100kHz, IOUT = 500mA 40 dB Output Voltage Noise Frequency = 500Hz to 100kHz, IOUT = 100mA 15 VRMS FB FB Threshold Accuracy FB Input Current IOUT = 190mA, VOUT = 1.5V to 5V, VIN = (VOUT + 0.3V) to 5.5V 593 IOUT = 3mA to 1A, VOUT = 1.5V to 5V, VIN = (VOUT + 0.3V) to 5.5V 590 600 606 mV 610 VFB = 0.6V, VIN = 5.5V 1 A 3.5 mA 1 A GND Ground Supply Current 1.8 Ground Shutdown Current VIN = 1.7V to 5.5V POWER-GOOD OUTPUT Power-Good (PG) Threshold VFB moving out of regulation, VHYS = 15mV Power-Good (PG) OutputVoltage Low IPG = 2mA (sink) FB = high 638 650 662 FB = low 538 550 562 25 80 Power-Good (PG) Delay 100 Power-Good (PG) Leakage VPG = 5.5V mV mV s 1 A ENABLE Enable Input High Threshold VEN_HIGH Enable Input Low Threshold VEN_LOW Enable Input Bias Current 1.2 VEN = 0 to 5.5V V 0.4 V +1 A 9.2 12 A 45 100 -1 SOFT-START Soft-Start Charging Current VSS_BYP = 100mV Soft-Start Pulldown Resistance VEN = 0V, ISS_BYP = 2mA 8 THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Threshold falling +160 C 15 C Note 3: All devices 100% production tested at TA = +25C. Limits over the temperature range are guaranteed by design. Note 4: Dropout is defined as VIN - VOUT when VOUT falls 3% below its nominal voltage value. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 3 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Typical Operating Characteristics (VIN = 1.8V, VOUT = 1.5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) VOUT = 2.5V 20 VOUT = 1.8V 10 VOUT = 3.3V 0.05 VOUT = 3V 0 VOUT = 2.5V VOUT = 1.5V -0.05 1.515 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 1.500 1.495 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.485 1.0 0.8 1.8 2.3 2.8 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 3.8 4.8 5.3 NO LOAD MAX15101 toc04 MAX15101 toc05 1.496 CSS =100nF VEN 1V/div IIN 1.492 1.490 2A/div 1A LOAD VOUT 1V/div 1.488 1.486 VPG 1V/div 1.484 1.482 4.3 STARTUP WAVEFORMS 1.498 1.494 3.3 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.505 1.490 -0.10 1.0 IOUT = 0.5A 1.510 VOUT = 5V 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX15101 toc03 0.10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 30 OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR vs. OUTPUT CURRENT MAX15101 toc02 DEFINED VIN - VOUT WHEN VOUT FALLS 2% BELOW NOMINAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR (%) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 40 MAX15101 toc01 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT -40 -15 10 35 60 85 1ms/div TEMPERATURE (C) 9 8 7 0.599 6 5 4 3 0.597 0.596 0.594 0.593 1 0.592 5 25 45 65 CAPACITOR VALUE (nF) www.maximintegrated.com 85 100 1A LOAD 0.595 2 0 NO LOAD 0.598 FB VOLTAGE (V) SOFT-START TIME (ms) 0.600 MAX15101 toc06 10 FB VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE (VOUT = 1.5V) MAX15101 toc07 SOFT-START TIME vs. CAPACITOR VALUE 0.591 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C) Maxim Integrated 4 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VIN = 1.8V, VOUT = 1.5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) 1A LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE (COUT = 10F) LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX15101 toc08 MAX15101 toc09 ILOAD = 1A 2.3V VOUT AC-COUPLED 50mV/div 1A VIN 200mV/div 1.8V IOUT 500mA/div VOUT AC-COUPLED 20mV/div 100mA 40s/div 100s/div FOLDBACK CURRENT-LIMIT WAVEFORMS GROUND CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX15101 toc10 IOUT 2A/div 2.5 GROUND CURRENT (mA) VOUT 500mV/div MAX15101 toc11 3.0 2.0 ILOAD = 1A 1.5 1.0 ILOAD = 0A 0.5 0 100s/div 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) VIN 2V/div VOUT 1V/div VPG 1V/div 18 80 NOISE DENSITY (VRMS) IOUT 2A/div NOISE DENSITY (ILOAD = 100mA) 90 70 PSRR (dB) MAX15101 toc12 1.8V MAX15101 toc13 60 50 40 30 20 MAX15101 toc14 PSRR vs. FREQUENCY (ILOAD = 0.5A) SHORT-CIRCUIT WAVEFORMS NO CSS 15 CSS = 4.7nF 12 9 CSS = 100nF 6 10 200s/div 10Hz 100kHz FREQUENCY www.maximintegrated.com 1MHz 3 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Maxim Integrated 5 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Bump Configuration TOP VIEW MAX15101 1 2 3 4 5 EN PG GND SS_BYP FB IN IN IN IN IN OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT + A B C WLP Bump Description BUMP NAME A1 EN Active-High Enable Input. Drive EN logic-high to enable the LDO. Connect to IN for always-on operation. A2 PG Power-Good Output. Open-drain output asserts high when the voltage is within regulation. A3 GND A4 SS_BYP A5 FB Feedback Input. Connect a resistive divider from OUT to GND to set the output voltage. B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 IN Supply Voltage Input. Connect to supply voltage from 1.7V to 5.5V. Bypass IN to GND with a 2.2F or greater ceramic capacitor. C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 OUT www.maximintegrated.com FUNCTION Ground SS_BYP Bypass/Soft-Start Input. Connect a ceramic capacitor from SS_BYP to GND to reduce the output noise and set the soft-start ramp time. Regulated Output. Connect a 10F capacitor from OUT to GND. For better load transient performance a larger capacitor can be used. Maxim Integrated 6 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Functional Diagram SS_BYP IN UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT THERMALOVERLOAD PROTECTION 0.60V REF EN SHUTDOWN LOGIC 0.55V gM ERROR AMPLIFIER P 0.65V ILIM OUT FB GND PG MAX15101 PG CIRCUITRY Detailed Description The MAX15101 is a small, low-dropout linear regulator optimized for server, network, and telecom applications. The regulator delivers up to 1A from a 1.7V to 5.5V input supply with output accuracy of 1.6%. The output is adjustable down to 0.6V with a guaranteed dropout voltage of less than 100mV at full load. The internal p-channel switch is protected with a foldback current limit and thermal shutdown. The MAX15101 features an external bypass input to reduce noise. This bypass input also serves as a softstart control. An enable input and power-good output are included for power sequence control. Internal p-Channel Pass Transistor The MAX15101 features a 1A p-channel MOSFET pass transistor. Unlike similar designs with pnp pass transistors, the gate-drive current to the p-channel power transistor is extremely low. PNP-based regulators also waste www.maximintegrated.com N considerable current in dropout when the pass transistor saturates and uses high base-drive currents under large loads. The MAX15101 does not suffer from these deficiencies and consumes only 1.8mA of quiescent current even in dropout. Output Voltage Selection The MAX15101 features an adjustable output. The output voltage can be set between +0.6V to VIN - 200mV using an external resistive voltage-divider to FB (see the Typical Operating Characteristics). The output voltage is set using the following equation: VOUT = VFB (1 + R1/R2) where VFB = +600mV. To simplify resistor selection: R1 = R2 (VOUT/VFB - 1) Set R2 to 600. Maxim Integrated 7 MAX15101 Enable A logic-low on EN disables the MAX15101. In shutdown, the pass transistor, control circuitry, reference, and all biases are turned off, reducing supply current to typically 1A. Connect EN to IN for normal operation. In shutdown, the soft-start capacitor is discharged using an internal pulldown resistance. Soft-Start As shown in the Typical Operating Characteristics, the MAX15101 uses a gM stage and integrating capacitor CSS to control the regulator's feedback set point. When EN is driven low, the soft-start capacitor is discharged. When EN is driven high or power is applied to the device, a constant 9.2A current charges the soft-start capacitor. At startup, the feedback set point increases linearly, which reduces the inrush supply current. tSS = 6.315 x 10-5 x CSS where CSS is in nF. Use capacitor values between 30nF to 100nF with voltage ratings greater than 5V. Because this ramp is applied to the current-limit comparator, the actual time for the output voltage to ramp up depends on the load current and output capacitor. Leave SS_BYP unconnected to disable soft-start. Foldback Current Limiting The MAX15101 features a 1.6A current limit when the output voltage is in regulation. When the voltage at the output drops to 17% of its nominal value, the current limit exponentially folds back to 1A. The output can be shorted to ground for an indefinite period of time without damag ing the device. Avoid continuous output current of greater than 1A to prevent damage to the regulator. Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Operating Region and Power Dissipation The power dissipation across the device is P = IOUT (VIN - VOUT). The resulting maximum power dissipation is: PMAX = [(TJ(MAX) - TA)/(JA)] where (TJ(MAX) - TA) is the temperature difference between the maximum allowed die junction (+150C) and the surrounding air. Figure 1 shows the allowable power dissipation for typical PCBs at +25C, +50C, and +70C ambient temperatures (refer to the MAX15101 EV kit). Applications Information Capacitor Selection and Regulator Stability Capacitors are required at the MAX15101's input and output. Connect at least a 2.2F capacitor between IN and GND (CIN) and a 10F capacitor between OUT and GND (COUT). Use only surface-mount ceramic capacitors that have low equivalent series resistance (ESR). Make the input and output traces at least 2.5mm wide, and connect CIN and COUT within 6mm of the IC to minimize the impact of PCB trace inductance. The output capacitor's ESR can affect stability and output noise. Use capacitors with 50m or less ESR to ensure stability and optimum transient response. This is particularly true in applications with very low output voltage (< 2V) and high output current (> 0.5A). Since some capacitor dielectrics can vary over bias voltage and temperature, consult the capacitor manufacturer specifications to ensure that the capacitors meet these requirements over all combinations of operating voltage and temperature. Thermal-overload protection is designed to safeguard the MAX15101 in the event of fault conditions. For continuous operation, do not exceed the junction temperature rating of TJ = +125C. MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Thermal-Overload Protection A thermal-overload circuit limits total power dissipation in the MAX15101. When the junction temperature exceeds TJ = +160C, the thermal sensor turns off the pass transistor, allowing the IC to cool. The thermal sensor turns the pass transistor on once the IC's junction temperature drops approximately 15C. Continuous short-circuit conditions will consequently result in a foldback limited output. MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS CURRENT 1.25 1.00 TA = +25C 0.75 TA = +70C TA = +50C 0.50 0.25 0 TJ = +125C (BASED ON MAX15101 EV KIT) 0 1 2 3 4 5 INPUT-OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V) Figure 1. Maximum Output Current Curves www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 8 MAX15101 Input-Output (Dropout) Voltage A regulator's minimum input-to-output voltage differential (dropout voltage) determines the lowest usable supply voltage. The dropout voltage is simply the product of regulator's RDS(ON) for the pass device and rated load current. The MAX15101's RDS(ON) is 20m, at 1A this yields a dropout voltage of 20mV (see the Electrical Characteristics and the Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics). Noise, PSRR, and Transient Response The MAX15101 is designed to achieve low dropout voltage while still maintaining good noise, transient response, and AC rejection. When operating from very noisy sources, supply noise rejection and transient response can be improved by increasing the values of the input and output capacitors. The MAX15101 output noise is typically 15VRMS (see the Noise Density graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics). Thermal Considerations in PCB Layout The rated package dissipation strongly depends on the copper area connected to the regulator. The maximum power dissipation allowed in the package is 1538mW (measured from the MAX15101 EV kit). Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX15101EWL+ -40C to +85C 15 WLP +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 15 WLP W151B2+1 21-0205 Refer to Application Note 1891 More power dissipation can be handled by the package if great attention is given during PCB layout. For example, using the top and bottom copper as a heatsink and connecting the thermal vias to one of the middle layers (GND) transfers the heat from the package into the board more efficiently, resulting in lower junction temperature at high power dissipation in some MAX15101 applications. Furthermore, the solder mask around the IC area on both top and bottom layers can be removed to radiate the heat directly into the air. The maximum allowable power dissipation in the IC is as follows: PMAX = [(TJ(MAX) - TA)/(JA)] where (TJ(MAX) - TA) is the temperature difference between the maximum-allowed die junction (+150C) and the surrounding air. A sample layout is available on the MAX15101 EV kit. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 9 MAX15101 Small 1A, Low-Dropout Linear Regulator in a 2.7mm x 1.6mm Package Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 12/11 Initial release -- 1 8/16 Updated Absolute Maximum Ratings section 2 DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated's website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. 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