VND5E004A-E VND5E004ASP30-E Double 4m high-side driver with analog current sense for automotive applications Features Max transient supply voltage VCC 41 V Operating voltage range VCC 4.5 to 28 V Max on-state resistance (per ch.) RON 4 m Current limitation (typ) ILIMH 90 A Off-state supply current IS 2 A(1) PQFN - 12x12 Power lead-less MultiPowerSO-30 - Reverse battery protection with self switch on of the Power MOSFET - Electrostatic discharge protection 1. Typical value with all loads connected Applications General - Very low standby current - 3.0 V CMOS compatible inputs - Optimized electromagnetic emissions - Very low electromagnetic susceptibility - Compliant with European directive 2002/95/EC - Very low current sense leakage Diagnostic functions - Proportional load current sense - High current sense precision for wide currents range - Diagnostic enable pin - Off-state open-load detection - Output short to VCC detection - Overload and short to ground (power limitation) indication - Thermal shutdown indication Protection - Undervoltage shutdown - Overvoltage clamp - Load current limitation - Self limiting of fast thermal transients - Protection against loss of ground and loss of VCC - Overtemperature shutdown with auto restart (thermal shutdown) - Inrush current active management by power limitation July 2010 All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads Suitable for power management applications Description The VND5E004A-E and VND5E004ASP30-E are double channel high-side drivers manufactured using ST proprietary VIPowerTM M0-5 technology and housed in PQFN-12x12 power lead-less and MultiPowerSO-30 packages. The devices are designed to drive 12 V automotive grounded loads, and to provide protection and diagnostics. They also implement a 3 V and 5 V CMOScompatible interface for use with any microcontroller. The devices integrate advanced protective functions such as load current limitation, inrush and overload active management by power limitation, overtemperature shut-off with autorestart and overvoltage active clamp. A dedicated analog current sense pin is associated with every output channel providing enhanced diagnostic functions including fast detection of overload and short-circuit to ground through power limitation indication, overtemperature indication, shortcircuit to VCC diagnosis and on-state and off-state open-load detection. The current sensing and diagnostic feedback of the whole device can be disabled by pulling the DE pin low to share the external sense resistor with similar devices. Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 1/45 www.st.com 1 Contents VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Contents 1 Block diagram and pin configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3 2.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.4 Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.5 Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.1 MCU I/Os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3 Current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.3.1 3.4 4 5 Short to VCC and off-state open-load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Package and PC board thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 4.1 MultiPowerSO-30 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 4.2 PQFN - 12x12 power lead-less thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.1 ECOPACK(R) packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.2 MultiPowerSO-30 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.3 PQFN - 12x12 power lead-less mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.4 MultiPowerSO-30 packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.5 PQFN - 12x12 power lead-less packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 6 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 2/45 Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Switching (VCC = 13 V; Tj = 25 C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Logic inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Protections and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Open-load detection (8V 0.5 ) 41 V -VCC Reverse DC supply voltage 16 V IOUT DC output current Internally limited A 70 A VCC VCCPK - IOUT 8/45 Parameter Reverse DC output current IIN DC input current -1 to 10 mA IDE DC diagnostic enable input current -1 to 10 mA VCSENSE Current sense maximum voltage (VCC > 0 V) VCC-41 +VCC V V EMAX Maximum switching energy (single pulse) (L = 0.3 mH; RL = 0 ; Vbat = 13.5 V; Tjstart = 150 C; IOUT = IlimL(Typ.)) 600 mJ VESD Electrostatic discharge (Human Body Model: R = 1.5 k; C = 100 pF) 2000 V Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Table 3. Electrical specifications Absolute maximum ratings (continued) Symbol VESD Tj TSTG 2.2 Parameter Value Unit 750 V Junction operating temperature -40 to 150 C Storage temperature -55 to 150 C Charge device model (CDM-AEC-Q100-011) Thermal data Table 4. Thermal data Maximum value Symbol Parameter Unit MultiPowerSO-30 12x12 PLLP Rthj-case Thermal resistance junction-case (with one channel ON) 0.35 0.35 C/W Rthj-amb Thermal resistance junction-ambient 58(1) 39(2) C/W 1. PCB FR4 area 58 mm x 58 mm, PCB thickness 2 mm, Cu thickness 35 m, minimum pad layout 2. PCB FR4 area 78 mm x 78 mm, PCB thickness 2 mm, Cu thickness 35 m, minimum pad layout Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 9/45 Electrical specifications 2.3 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical characteristics Values specified in this section are for 8 V < VCC < 24 V, -40 C < Tj < 150 C, unless otherwise stated. Table 5. Power section Symbol Parameter Test conditions VCC Operating supply voltage VUSD VUSDhyst Min. Typ. Max. Unit 4.5 13 28 V Undervoltage shutdown 3.5 4.5 V Undervoltage shutdown hysteresis 0.5 V 3 m IOUT = 15 A; Tj = 25 C RON RON REV Vclamp IS IL(off) On-state resistance(1) IOUT = 15 A; Tj = 150 C 6 m IOUT = 15 A; VCC = 5 V; Tj = 25 C 6 m RDSon in reverse battery condition VCC = -13 V; IOUT = -15 A; Tj = 25 C VCC clamp voltage ICC = 20 mA; IOUT1,2 = 0 A Supply current 52 V Standby VDE = 0 V; VCC = 13 V; Tj = 25 C; VIN = 0; VOUT = VSENSE = 0 V 2 5 A Off-state; VCC = 13 V; VDE = 5 V; Tj = 25 C; VIN = VOUT = VSENSE = 0 V 10 15 A On-state; VCC = 13 V; VDE = 5 V; VIN = 5 V; IOUT = 0 A 3.5 6 mA 0.01 3 A 5 A VIN = 0 V or VDE = 0 V; VOUT = 0 V; V CC = 13 V; Tj = 25 C Off-state output current (1) VIN = 0 V or VDE = 0 V; VOUT = 0 V; VCC = 13 V; Tj = 125 C Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 41 m 46 1. For each channel 10/45 3 0 0 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Table 6. Symbol Electrical specifications Switching (VCC = 13 V; Tj = 25 C) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit td(on) Turn-on delay time RL = 0.87 (see Table 6) -- 25 -- s td(off) Turn-off delay time RL = 0.87 (see Table 6) -- 35 -- s (dVOUT/dt)on Turn-on voltage slope RL = 0.87 -- See Figure 26 -- V/s (dVOUT/dt)off Turn-off voltage slope RL = 0.87 -- See Figure 28 -- V/s WON Switching energy losses during twon RL = 0.87 (see Table 6) -- 5.4 -- mJ WOFF Switching energy losses during twoff RL = 0.87 (see Table 6) -- 2.3 -- mJ Typ. Max. Unit 0.9 V Table 7. Symbol Logic inputs Parameter VIL1,2 Input low level voltage IIL1,2 Low level input current VIH1,2 Input high level voltage IIH1,2 High level input current VI(hyst)1,2 Input hysteresis voltage VIN = 0.9 V Input clamp voltage VDEL DE low level voltage IDEL DE low level current VDEH DE high level voltage IDEH DE high level current VDE(hyst) DE hysteresis voltage Min. 1 A 2.1 V VIN = 2.1 V 10 0.25 IIN = 1 mA VICL1,2 VDECL Test conditions DE clamp voltage V 5.5 IIN = -1 mA 7 -0.7 A 2.1 V 10 0.25 IDE = -1 mA Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 V 1 VIN = 2.1 V IDE = 1 mA V V 0.9 VIN = 0.9 V A A V 5.5 7 -0.7 V V 11/45 Electrical specifications Table 8. VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Protections and diagnostics (1) Symbol Parameter IlimH Short circuit current VCC = 13 V 5 V < VCC < 24 V IlimL Short circuit current during thermal cycling VCC = 13 V; TR < Tj < TTSD TTSD Shutdown temperature TR Reset temperature TRS Thermal reset of STATUS THYST VDEMAG VON Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 65 90 130 130 A A 40 150 175 TRS+1 TRS+5 200 C C 135 C Thermal hysteresis (TTSD-TR) Turn-off output voltage clamp A IOUT = 2 A; VIN = 0; L = 6 mH 7 C VCC-28 VCC-32 VCC-35 V 25 mV = 1 A; I Output voltage drop OUT Tj = -40 C to 150 C limitation (see Figure 8) 1. To ensure long term reliability under heavy overload or short circuit conditions, protection and related diagnostic signals must be used together with a proper software strategy. If the device is subjected to abnormal conditions, this software must limit the duration and number of activation cycles. Table 9. Symbol K0 K1 dK1/K1(1) K2 dK2/K2(1) 12/45 Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit IOUT/ISENSE IOUT = 5 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE = 5 V; 11420 17580 23740 Tj = -40 C...150 C Tj = 25 C...150 C 12130 17580 23030 -- IOUT/ISENSE IOUT = 10 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE = 5 V; Tj = -40 C...150 C Tj = 25 C...150 C -- IOUT =10 A; VSENSE = 4 V; Current sense ratio VDE = 5 V; drift Tj = -40 C to 150 C IOUT/ISENSE 11830 16910 21990 12680 16910 21140 -14 +14 IOUT = 15 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE= 5 V; 11760 16110 20460 Tj = -40 C...150 C 13040 16110 19180 Tj = 25 C...150 C I = 15 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE = Current sense ratio OUT 5 V; drift Tj = -40 C to 150 C Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 -10 +10 % -- % VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Table 9. Symbol K3 dK3/K3(1) Electrical specifications Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V) (continued) Parameter IOUT/ISENSE Test conditions IOUT = 30 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE = 5 V; Tj = -40 C...150 C Tj = 25 C...150 C I = 30 A; VSENSE = 4 V; VDE = Current sense ratio OUT 5 V; drift Tj = -40 C to 150 C Min. Typ. Max. Unit 13040 15520 18000 13810 15520 17230 -- -5 +5 % IOUT = 0 A; VSENSE = 0 V; VDE = 0 V; VIN = 0 V; Tj = -40 C...150 C 0 1 A IOUT = 0 A; VSENSE = 0 V; VDE = 5 V; VIN = 5 V; Tj = -40 C...150 C 0 2 A IOUT = 15 A; VSENSE = 0 V; VDE = 0 V; VIN = 5 V; 0 1 A Open-load onVIN = 5 V; 8 V < VCC < 18 V state current = 5 A detection threshold ISENSE 10 150 mA VSENSE Max analog sense output voltage IOUT = 45 A; VCSD = 0 V; RSENSE = 3.9 k 5 VSENSEH Analog sense output voltage in fault condition(2) VCC =13 V; RSENSE = 3.9 k 8 V ISENSEH Analog sense output current in fault condition(2) VCC =13 V; VSENSE = 5 V 9 mA Delay response tDSENSE1H time from rising edge of DE pin VSENSE < 4 V, 5 A < Iout < 30 A ISENSE = 90 % of ISENSE max (see Figure 4) 50 100 s Delay response tDSENSE1L time from falling edge of DE pin VSENSE < 4 V, 5 A < Iout < 30 A ISENSE = 10 % of ISENSE max (see Figure 4) 5 20 s VSENSE < 4 V, 5 A < Iout < 30 A Delay response tDSENSE2H time from rising ISENSE = 90 % of ISENSE max edge of INPUT pin VDE = 5 V (see Figure 4) 200 600 s VSENSE < 4 V, 5 A < Iout < 30 A Delay response tDSENSE2L time from falling ISENSE = 10 % of ISENSE max edge of INPUT pin VDE = 5 V (see Figure 4) 100 250 s ISENSE0 IOL Analog sense leakage current V 1. Parameter guaranteed by design; it is not tested. 2. Fault condition includes: power limitation, overtemperature and open-load off-state detection. Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 13/45 Electrical specifications Table 10. VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Open-load detection (8V VOL VSENSEH VCS tDSTKON 14/45 Max. Unit Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 tDSENSE2L VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Figure 6. Electrical specifications Switching characteristics VOUT tWoff tWon 90% 80% dVOUT/dt(off) dVOUT/dt(on) 10% tr tf t INPUT td(on) td(off) t Figure 7. Delay response time between rising edge of output current and rising edge of current sense (CS enabled) VIN tDSENSE2H t IOUT IOUTMAX 90% IOUTMAX t ISENSE ISENSEMAX 90% ISENSEMAX t Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 15/45 Electrical specifications Figure 8. VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Output voltage drop limitation VCC - VOUT Tj = 150 C Tj = 25 C Tj = -40 C Von IOUT Von/Ron(T) Figure 9. IOUT/ISENSE vs IOUT IOUT/ISENSE 24500 A B 22500 20500 18500 C 16500 14500 12500 D E 10500 2 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 IOUT (A) Legend: A: Max, Tj = -40 C to 150 C B: Max, Tj = 25 C to 150 C C: Typical, Tj = -40 C to 150 C 16/45 Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 D: Min, Tj = 25 C to 150 C E: Min, Tj = -40 C to 150 C VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical specifications Figure 10. Maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current(1) dK/K (%) 20 15 A 10 5 0 -5 -10 B -15 -20 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 IOUT (A) Legend: A: Max, Tj = -40 C to 150 C B: Max, Tj = 25 C to 150 C 1. Parameter guaranteed by design; it is not tested. Table 11. Truth table Enable Input Output Sense (VDE=5V)(1) Normal operation H H L H L H 0 Nominal Overtemperature H H L H L L 0 VSENSEH Undervoltage H H L H L L 0 0 Overload H H H H X (no power limitation) Cycling (power limitation) Nominal VSENSEH Short circuit to GND (Power limitation) H H L H L L 0 VSENSEH Open-load off-state (with external pull up) H L H VSENSEH Short circuit to VCC (external pull up disconnected) H H L H H H VSENSEH < Nominal Negative output voltage clamp H L L 0 Conditions 1. If the VDE is low, the SENSE output is at a high impedance; its potential depends on leakage currents and external circuit. Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 17/45 Electrical specifications Table 12. ISO 7637-2: 2004(E) VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) Test levels(1) Number of pulses or test times Burst cycle/pulse repetition time Delays and impedance Test pulse III IV 1 -75 V -100 V 5000 pulses 0.5 s 5s 2 ms, 10 2a +37 V +50 V 5000 pulses 0.2 s 5s 50 s, 2 3a -100 V -150 V 1h 90 ms 100 ms 0.1 s, 50 3b +75 V +100 V 1h 90 ms 100 ms 0.1 s, 50 4 -6 V -7 V 1 pulse 100 ms, 0.01 5b(2) +65 V +87 V 1 pulse 400 ms, 2 Table 13. Electrical transient requirements (part 2/3) Test level results(1) ISO 7637-2: 2004(E) Test pulse III IV 1 C C 2a C C 3a C C 3b C C 4 C C 5b(2) (3) C C 1. The above test levels must be considered referred to VCC = 13.5V except for pulse 5b 2. Valid in case of external load dump clamp: 40V maximum referred to ground. 3. Suppressed load dump (pulse 5b) is withstood with a minimum load connected as specified in Table 3. Table 14. 18/45 Electrical transient requirements (part 3/3) Class Contents C All functions of the device are performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. E One or more functions of the device are not performed as designed after exposure to disturbance and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device. Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E 2.4 Electrical specifications Waveforms Figure 11. Normal operation INPUT Nominal load Nominal load IOUT VSENSE VDE Figure 12. Overload or short to GND INPUT ILimH > Power Limitation Thermal cycling ILimL > IOUT VSENSE VDE Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 19/45 Electrical specifications VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Figure 13. Intermittent overload INPUT Overload ILimH > ILimL > IOUT VSENSEH > VSENSE VDE Figure 14. Off-state open-load with external circuitry INPUT VOUT > VOL VOUT VOL IOUT VSENSEH > tDSTK (on) VSENSE VDE 20/45 Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 Nominal load VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical specifications Figure 15. Short to VCC Resistive Short to VCC Hard Short to VCC INPUT VOUT > VOL VOL VOUT IOUT tDSTK (on ) tDSTK (on ) VDE Figure 16. TJ evolution in overload or short to GND IN PU T Self-lim itation of fast therm al transients T TS D THYST TR T J _ S TA R T TJ I Lim H > Pow er Lim itation < ILim L IO U T Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 21/45 Electrical specifications 2.5 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical characteristics curves Figure 17. Off-state output current Figure 18. High level input current Iih [uA] Iloff [nA] 7000 5 4.5 6000 Vin= 2.1V 4 5000 3.5 3 4000 2.5 3000 2 1.5 2000 1 1000 0 -50 0.5 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 -25 0 25 Tc [C] 100 125 150 175 Figure 20. Input low level voltage Vil [V] Vicl [V] 7 2 6.8 1.8 1.6 Iin= 1m A 6.4 1.4 6.2 1.2 6 1 5.8 0.8 5.6 0.6 5.4 0.4 5.2 0.2 5 -50 75 Tc [C] Figure 19. Input clamp voltage 6.6 50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 150 175 Tc [C] Tc [C] Figure 21. Input high level voltage Figure 22. Input hysteresis voltage Vihyst [V] Vih [V] 1 4 0.9 3.5 0.8 3 0.7 2.5 0.6 2 0.5 0.4 1.5 0.3 1 0.2 0.5 0 -50 0.1 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 22/45 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc [C] Tc [C] Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 100 125 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Electrical specifications Figure 23. On-state resistance vs Tcase Figure 24. On-state resistance vs VCC Ron [m Ohm ] Ron [m Ohm ] 50 8 45 40 6 35 Tc= 150C Iout= 15A Vcc= 13V 30 Tc= 125C 4 25 Tc= 25C 20 15 Tc= -40C 2 10 5 0 -50 0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Vcc [V] Tc [C] Figure 25. Undervoltage shutdown Figure 26. Turn-on voltage slope (dVout/dt)On [V/m s] Vusd [V] 1000 16 900 14 800 12 600 8 500 6 400 300 4 200 2 0 -50 Vcc= 13V Rl= 0.87 700 10 100 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 -25 0 25 Tc [C] 50 75 100 125 150 175 125 150 175 Tc [C] Figure 27. ILIMH vs Tcase Figure 28. Turn-off voltage slope (dVout/dt)Off [V/m s] Ilim h [A] 1000 100 900 Vcc= 13V 90 800 Vcc= 13V Rl= 0.87 700 80 600 500 70 400 60 300 200 50 100 40 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 Tc [C] -25 0 25 50 75 100 Tc [C] Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 23/45 Electrical specifications VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Figure 29. DE high level voltage Figure 30. DE clamp voltage Vdecl [V] Vdeh [V] 4 10 3.5 9 7 2.5 6 2 5 1.5 4 3 1 2 0.5 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 Tc [C] Vdel [V] 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc [C] Figure 31. DE low level voltage 75 100 125 150 175 Tc [C] 24/45 Iin= 1m A 8 3 Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 100 125 150 175 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E 3 Application information Application information Figure 32. Application schematic +5V VCC Rprot DE Dld CU Rprot IINPUT OUTPUT Rprot CURRENT SENSE GND RSENSE Cext 3.1 MCU I/Os protection When negative transients are present on the VCC line, the control pins are pulled negative to approximately -1.5V. ST suggests the insertion of resistors (Rprot) in the lines to prevent the microcontroller I/O pins from latching up. The values of these resistors provide a compromise between the leakage current of the microcontroller, the current required by the HSD I/Os (input levels compatibility) and the latch-up limit of the microcontroller I/Os. -VCCpeak/Ilatchup Rprot (VOHC-VIH) / IIHmax Calculation example: For VCCpeak= - 1.5V and Ilatchup 20mA; VOHC 4.5V 75 Rprot 240k. Recommended values: Rprot =10k, CEXT=10nF 3.2 Load dump protection Dld is necessary (Voltage Transient Suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds the VCCPK maximum rating. The same applies if the device is subject to transients on the VCC line that are greater than the ones shown in the ISO 7637-2: 2004(E) table. Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 25/45 Application information 3.3 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Current sense and diagnostic The current sense pin performs a double function (see Figure 33: Current sense and diagnostics): Current mirror of the load current in normal operation, delivering a current proportional to the load current according to a known ratio KX. The current ISENSE can be easily converted to a voltage VSENSE by means of an external resistor RSENSE. Linearity between IOUT and VSENSE is ensured up to 5V minimum (see parameter VSENSE in Table 9: Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V)). The current sense accuracy depends on the output current (refer to current sense electrical characteristics Table 9: Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V)). Diagnostic flag in fault conditions, delivering a fixed voltage VSENSEH up to a maximum current ISENSEH in case of the following fault conditions (refer to Table 11: Truth table): - Power limitation activation - Overtemperature - Short to VCC in off-state - Open-load in off-state with additional external components. A logic level low on the DE pin simultaneously sets all the current sense pins of the device in a high impedance state, thus disabling the current monitoring and diagnostic detection. This feature allows multiplexing of the microcontroller analog inputs by sharing the sense resistance and ADC line among different devices. 26/45 Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E Application information Figure 33. Current sense and diagnostics VPU VBAT VCC Main MOSn 41V PU_CMD Overtemperature IOUT/KX RPU + OL OFF ISENSEH VOL Pwr_Lim OUTn ILoff2r ILoff2f INPUTn VSENSEH DE CURRENT SENSEn GND RPROT To uC ADC 3.3.1 Load RPD RSENSE VSENSE Short to VCC and off-state open-load detection Short to VCC A short circuit between VCC and output is indicated by the relevant current sense pin set to VSENSEH during the device off-state. Little or no current is delivered by the current sense during the on-state depending on the nature of the short circuit. Off-state open-load with external circuitry Detection of an open-load in off mode requires an external pull-up resistor (RPU) connecting the output to a positive supply voltage (VPU). It is preferable that VPU be switched off during the module standby mode to avoid an increase in the overall standby current consumption in normal conditions, that is, when the load is connected. An external pull down resistor (RPD) connected between output and GND is mandatory to avoid misdetection in case of floating outputs in off-state (see Figure 33: Current sense and diagnostics). RPD must be selected in order to ensure VOUT < VOLmin unless pulled up by the external circuitry: VOUT Pull - up _ OFF = RPD I L ( off 2) f < VOL min = 2V Doc ID 17359 Rev 1 27/45 Application information VND5E004A-E / VND5E004ASP30-E RPD 22 K is recommended. For proper open-load detection in off-state, the external pull-up resistor must be selected according to the following formula: VOUT Pull - up _ ON = RPD VPU - RPU RPD I L ( off 2) r RPU + RPD > VOL max = 4V For the values of VOLmin,VOLmax, IL(off2)r and IL(off2)f see Table 10: Open-load detection (8V