Tem perat ure (C)
100%Vrated
(2.5V)
90%Vrated
80%Vrated
70%Vrated
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0
Tem perature (C)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
100%Vrated
(3.0V)
90%Vrated
80%Vrated
70%Vrated
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0
MTTF (years)
POLARITY / REVERSE VOLTAGE
In principal the positive and negative electrodes of the
supercapacitors are symmetrical and in theory they should not have
a polarity but for product consistency and for optimum performance
the negative polarity is marked because the capacitors do not
discharge completely when in use. It is recommended that the
polarity should be used as marked. If the polarity is reversed the
circuit will not have a catastrophic failure but the circuit will see a
much higher leakage current for a short duration of time and the life
time of the super-capacitors will be reduced.
LIFE TIME AND TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE
The life of a supercapacitor is impacted by a combination of
operating voltage and the operating temperature according to the
following equation:
time to failure, t ∞ Vn * exp (-Q / k*T) …………..(1)
where V is the voltage of operation, Q is the activation energy in
electron volts (eV), k is the Boltzmann’s constant in eV and T is the
operating temperature in °K (where K is in degrees Kelvin). Typical
values for the voltage exponent, n, is between 2.5 - 3.5, and Q is
between 1.0 - 1.2 eV in the normal operating temperature range
of 40° to 65°C.
The industry standard for super-capacitor end of life is when
the equivalent series resistance, ESR, increases to 200% of the
original value and the capacitance drops by 30%. Typically a super-
capacitance shows an initial change in the ESR value and then
levels o. If the capacitors are exposed to excessive temperatures
the ESR will show a continuous degradation. In the extreme case,
if the temperatures or voltages are substantially higher, than the
rated voltage, this will lead to cell leakage or gas leakage and the
product will show a faster change in the ESR which may increase
to many times the original value.
Expected Lifetime at Various Voltages
SCC series 3.0V Rated
Expected Lifetime at Various Voltages
SCC series, 2.5V Rated
MTTF (years)
6 012418
New 3.0V SCC Series Supercapacitors
High Capacitance Cylindrical Supercapacitors