MOTOROLA Order this document by MC145018/D SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA MC145018 Low-Power CMOS Ionization Smoke Detector IC with Interconnect and Temporal Horn Driver 16 1 P SUFFIX PLASTIC DIP CASE 648-08 The MC145018, when used with an ionization chamber and a small number of external components, will detect smoke. When smoke is sensed, an alarm is sounded via an external piezoelectric transducer and internal drivers. This circuit is designed to operate in smoke detector systems that comply with UL217 and UL268 specifications. * Ionization Type with On-Chip FET Input Comparator ORDERING INFORMATION MC145018P PLASTIC DIP * Piezoelectric Horn Driver * Guard Outputs on Both Sides of Detect Input * Input-Protection Diodes on the Detect Input PIN ASSIGNMENT (16 PIN DIP) * Low-Battery Trip Point, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor * Detect Threshold, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor Detect Comp. Out 1 16 Guard Hi-Z I/O 2 15 Detect Input * Internal Reverse Battery Protection Low V Set 3 14 Guard Lo-Z * Strobe Output for External Trim Resistors Strobe Out 4 13 Sensitivity Set LED 5 12 Osc Capacitor * Pulse Testing for Low Battery Uses LED for Battery Loading * Comparator Output for Detect * I/O Pin Allows Up to 40 Units to be Connected for Common Signaling * Supports NFPA 72, ANSi 53.41, and ISO 8201 Audible Emergency Evacuation Signals * Power-On Reset Places IC in Standby Mode VDD 6 11 Silver Timing Resistor 7 10 Brass Feedback 8 9 VSS MAXIMUM RATINGS* (Voltages referenced to VSS) Rating Symbol Value *0.5 to + 15 Unit DC Supply Voltage VDD Input Voltage, All Inputs Except Pin 8 Vin *0.25 to VDD + 0.25 DC Current Drain per Input Pin, Except Pin 15 = 1 mA I 10 mA DC Current Drain per Output Pin I 30 mA Operating Temperature Range TA Storage Temperature Range Tstg *10 to + 60 *55 to + 125 Reverse Battery Time tRB 5.0 V V C C s * Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper operation it is recommended that Vin and Vout be constrained to the range VSS (Vin or Vout) VDD. v v REV 3 Motorola Sensor Device Data Motorola, Inc. 2000 1 MC145018 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (Voltages referenced to VSS) Symbol Value Unit VDD 9.0 V Timing Capacitor -- 0.1 F Timing Resistor -- 8.2 M Battery Load (Resistor or LED) -- 10 mA Parameter Supply Voltage ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voltages referenced to VSS, TA = 25C) Symbol VDD Vdc Min Typ Max Unit Operating Voltage VDD -- 6.0 -- 12 V Output Voltage Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOH = 16 mA) Comparators (IOH = 30 A) Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOL = + 16 mA) Comparators (IOL = +30 A) VOH 7.2 9.0 7.2 9.0 6.3 8.5 -- -- -- 8.8 -- 0.1 -- -- 0.9 0.5 Output Voltage -- LED Driver, IOL = 10 mA VOL 7.2 -- -- 3.0 V Output Impedance, Active Guard Pin 14 Pin 16 Lo-Z Hi-Z 9.0 9.0 -- -- -- -- 10 1000 k Operating Current (Rbias = 8.2 M) IDD 9.0 12.0 -- -- 5.0 -- 9.0 12.0 A Input Current -- Detect (40% R.H.) Iin 9.0 -- -- Input Current, Pin 8 Iin 9.0 -- -- Input Current @ 50C, Pin 15 Iin -- -- Internal Set Voltage Low Battery Sensitivity Vlow Vset 9.0 -- Hysteresis vhys Offset Voltage (measured at Vin = VDD/2) Active Guard Detect Comparator VOS Characteristic * * VOL V V A -- "1.0 "0.1 "6.0 7.2 47 -- 50 7.8 53 V %VDD 9.0 75 100 150 mV -- -- -- -- "100 "50 mV 9.0 9.0 *10 pA Input Voltage Range, Pin 8 Vin -- -- VDD + 10 V Input Capacitance Cin -- -- 5.0 -- pF Common Mode Voltage Range, Pin 15 Vcm -- 0.6 -- I/O Current, Pin 2 Input, VIH = VDD 2 Output, VOH = VDD 2 IIH IOH -- -- *4.0 25 -- -- * * VSS pA VDD *2 100 *16 V A mA # Data labelled "Typ'' is not to be used for design purposes but is intended as an indication of the IC's potential performance. 2 Motorola Sensor Device Data MC145018 TIMING PARAMETERS (C = 0.1 F, Rbias = 8.2 M, VDD = 9.0 V, TA = 25C, See Figure 6) Characteristics Oscillator Period Symbol Min Max Units tCI 1.46 37.5 1.85 45.8 s ms No Smoke Smoke Oscillator Rise Time tr 10.1 12.3 ms Horn Output (During Smoke) On Time Off Time PWon PWoff 450 450 550 550 ms ms LED Output Pulses Between On Time tLED PWon 35.0 10.1 44.5 12.3 s ms Horn Output (During Low Battery) Pulses On Time Between ton toff 10.1 35.0 12.3 44.5 ms s TO OTHER UNITS VDD VDD I/O 2 FEEDBACK 8 45 K LOW BATTERY COMPARATOR + LOW V SET 3 - 10 DETECT 1 COMP. OUT 280 K SENSITIVITY 13 SET BRASS + - 4 SILVER ALARM LOGIC DETECT COMPARATOR 325 K STROBE OUT 11 15 GUARD AMP + - POWER-ON RESET DETECT INPUT LO-Z VDD 14 HI-Z 16 OSC AND TIMING 5 LED VDD = PIN 6 VSS = PIN 9 12 7 VDD Figure 1. Block Diagram Motorola Sensor Device Data 3 MC145018 100.0 10.0 TA = 25C TA = 25C ID , DRAIN CURRENT (mA) ID , DRAIN CURRENT (mA) VDD = 9.0 Vdc 10.0 VDD = 7.2 Vdc 1.0 0.1 VDD = 9.0 Vdc or 7.2 Vdc 1.0 0.1 P-CH SOURCE AND N-CH SINK CURRENT 0.01 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc) 3 4 5 6 Figure 2. Typical LED Output I-V Characteristic 9 10 9 10 1000.0 TA = 25C ID , DRAIN CURRENT (mA) TA = 25C ID , DRAIN CURRENT (mA) 8 Figure 3. Typical Comparator Output I-V Characteristic 1000.0 VDD = 9.0 Vdc 100.0 VDD = 9.0 Vdc 100.0 VDD = 7.2 Vdc 10.0 VDD = 7.2 Vdc 10.0 P-CH SOURCE CURRENT 1.0 0 7 VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc) N-CH SINK CURRENT 8 9 10 1.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc) Figure 4. Typical P Horn Driver Output I-V Characteristic 4 Motorola Sensor Device Data MC145018 DEVICE OPERATION TIMING The internal oscillator of the MC145018 operates with a period of 1.65 seconds during no-smoke conditions. Each 1.65 seconds, internal power is applied to the entire IC and a check is made for smoke, except during LED pulse, Low Battery Alarm Chirp, or Horn Modulation (in smoke). Every 24 clock cycles a check is made for low battery by comparing VDD to an internal zener voltage. Since very small currents are used in the oscillator, the oscillator capacitor should be of a low leakage type. DETECT CIRCUITRY If smoke is detected, the oscillator period becomes 41.67 ms and the piezoelectric horn oscillator circuit is enabled. The horn output is modulated 500 ms on, 500 ms off. During the off time, smoke is again checked and will inhibit further horn output if no smoke is sensed. During local smoke conditions the low battery alarm is inhibited, but the LED pulses at a 1.0 Hz rate. In remote smoke, the LED is inhibited as well. An active guard is provided on both pins adjacent to the detect input. The voltage at these pins will be within 100 mV of the input signal. This will keep surface leakage currents to a minimum and provide a method of measuring the input voltage without loading the ionization chamber. The active guard op amp is not power strobed and thus gives constant protection from surface leakage currents. Pin 15 (the Detect input) has internal diode protection against static damage. INTERCONNECT The I/O (Pin 2), in combination with VSS, is used to interconnect up to 40 remote units for common signaling. A Local Smoke condition activates a current limited output driver, thereby signaling Remote Smoke to interconnected units. A small current sink improves noise immunity during non- smoke conditions. Remote units at lower voltages do not draw excessive current from a sending unit at a higher voltage. The I/O is disabled for three oscillator cycles after power up, to eliminate false alarming of remote units when the battery is changed. SENSITIVITY/LOW BATTERY THRESHOLDS Both the sensitivity threshold and the low battery voltage levels are set internally by a common voltage divider (see Figure 1) connected between VDD and VSS. These voltages can be altered by external resistors connected from pins 3 or 13 to either VDD or VSS. There will be a slight interaction here due to the common voltage divider network. The sensitivity threshold can also be set by adjusting the smoke chamber ionization source. TEST MODE Since the internal op amps and comparators are power strobed, adjustments for sensitivity or low battery level could be difficult and/or time-consuming. By forcing Pin 12 to VSS, the power strobing is bypassed and the output, Pin 1, constantly shows smoke/no smoke. Pin 1 = VDD for smoke. In this mode and during the 10 ms power strobe, chip current rises to approximately 50 A. LED PULSE The 9-volt battery level is checked every 40 seconds during the LED pulse. The battery is loaded via a 10 mA pulse for 11.6 ms. If the LED is not used, it should be replaced with an equivalent resistor such that the battery loading remains at 10 mA. HYSTERESIS When smoke is detected, the resistor/divider network that sets sensitivity is altered to increase sensitivity. This yields approximately 100 mV of hysteresis and reduces false triggering. 1M 1 1M TEST 16 MC145018 TO OTHER UNITS 330 0.1 F + 2 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 0.1 F 8.2 M 9V 1.5 M* 0.001 F *NOTE: Component values may change depending on type of piezoelectric horn used. 220 k* Figure 5. Typical Application as Ionization Smoke Detector Motorola Sensor Device Data 5 MC145018 OSC PIN 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 23 24 1 6 12 18 24 SMOKE - N -Y SMOKE - N -Y NO SMOKE, LOW BATTERY NO SMK SMOKE NO SMK NO LOW BAT LOW BAT - Y -N LATCH ALARM CONDITION %([100 mV LEVEL SHIFT) HYST PIN 13 HORN - ON - OFF OSC PIN 12 LOW BATTERY CHIRP & LED - OFF - ON NFPA MOD & LOW BAT - Y -N (NOTE 1) HORN - ON - OFF LED - OFF - ON 24 CLOCKS 24 CLOCKS Figure 6. MC145018 Timing Diagram NOTES: 1. Horn modulation is self-completing. When going from smoke to no smoke, the alarm condition will terminate only when horn is off. 2. Comparators are strobed once per cycle (1.65 sec for no smoke, 40 msec for smoke). 3. For timing under remote conditions, refer to MC14468 data sheet. NFPA72: TEMPORAL HORN MODULATION PATTERN 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 1.5 SEC 83 msec 167 msec TRADITIONAL 4/6 HORN MODULATION PATTERN Figure 7. Horn Modulation 6 Motorola Sensor Device Data MC145018 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL. -A- 16 9 1 8 DIM A B C D F G H J K L M S B F C L S -T- SEATING PLANE K H G D J 16 PL 0.25 (0.010) M T A M CASE 648-08 ISSUE R Motorola Sensor Device Data M STYLE 1: PIN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. INCHES MIN MAX 0.740 0.770 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.021 0.040 0.70 0.100 BSC 0.050 BSC 0.008 0.015 0.110 0.130 0.295 0.305 0_ 10 _ 0.020 0.040 CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE CATHODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE ANODE MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 18.80 19.55 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.39 0.53 1.02 1.77 2.54 BSC 1.27 BSC 0.21 0.38 2.80 3.30 7.50 7.74 0_ 10 _ 0.51 1.01 STYLE 2: PIN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN COMMON DRAIN GATE SOURCE GATE SOURCE GATE SOURCE GATE SOURCE 7 MC145018 Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. How to reach us: USA/EUROPE/Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 1-303-675-2140 or 1-800-441-2447 JAPAN: Motorola Japan Ltd.; SPS, Technical Information Center, 3-20-1, Minami-Azabu. Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-8573 Japan. 81-3-3440-3569 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; Silicon Harbour Centre, 2 Dai King Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852-26668334 Customer Focus Center: 1-800-521-6274 Mfax: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com - TOUCHTONE 1-602-244-6609 Motorola Fax Back System - US & Canada ONLY 1-800-774-1848 - http://sps.motorola.com/mfax/ HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/ 8 Motorola Sensor Device Data MC145018/D