MC145018 - Motorola / Freescale Semiconductor

1Motorola Sensor Device Data

Low–Power CMOS

Ionization Smoke Detector IC

with Interconnect and

Temporal Horn Driver

The MC145018, when used with an ionization chamber and a small number of

external components, will detect smoke. When smoke is sensed, an alarm is sounded

via an external piezoelectric transducer and internal drivers. This circuit is designed to

operate in smoke detector systems that comply with UL217 and UL268 specifications.

•Ionization Type with On–Chip FET Input Comparator

•Piezoelectric Horn Driver

•Guard Outputs on Both Sides of Detect Input

•Input–Protection Diodes on the Detect Input

•Low–Battery Trip Point, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor

•Detect Threshold, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor

•Pulse Testing for Low Battery Uses LED for Battery Loading

•Comparator Output for Detect

•Internal Reverse Battery Protection

•Strobe Output for External Trim Resistors

•I/O Pin Allows Up to 40 Units to be Connected for Common Signaling

•Supports NFPA 72, ANSi 53.41, and ISO 8201

Audible Emergency Evacuation Signals

•Power–On Reset Places IC in Standby Mode

MAXIMUM RATINGS* (Voltages referenced to VSS)

Rating Symbol Value Unit

DC Supply Voltage VDD

0.5 to + 15 V

Input Voltage, All Inputs Except Pin 8 Vin

0.25 to VDD + 0.25 V

DC Current Drain per Input Pin, Except Pin 15 = 1 mA I 10 mA

DC Current Drain per Output Pin I 30 mA

Operating Temperature Range TA

10 to + 60 °C

Storage Temperature Range Tstg

55 to

125 °C

Reverse Battery T ime tRB 5.0 s

*Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.

This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however , it is advised that normal

precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper operation

it is recommended that Vin and Vout be constrained to the range VSS

(Vin or Vout)

VDD.

Order this document

by MC145018/D

MOTOROLA

SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA

 Motorola, Inc. 2000

MC145018

P SUFFIX

PLASTIC DIP

CASE 648–08

PIN ASSIGNMENT

(16 PIN DIP)

Detect

Comp. Out

I/O

Low V Set

Strobe Out

LED

VDD

Timing

Resistor

Feedback

Guard Hi–Z

Detect Input

Guard Lo–Z

Sensitivity Set

Osc Capacitor

Silver

Brass

VSS

ORDERING INFORMATION

MC145018P PLASTIC DIP

REV 3

MC145018

2 Motorola Sensor Device Data

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (Voltages referenced to VSS)

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Supply Voltage VDD 9.0 V

T iming Capacitor — 0.1 µF

T iming Resistor — 8.2 MΩ

Battery Load (Resistor or LED) — 10 mA

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voltages referenced to VSS, TA = 25°C)

Characteristic Symbol VDD

Vdc Min Typ Max Unit

Operating Voltage VDD — 6.0 — 12 V

Output Voltage

Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOH =

16 mA)

Comparators (IOH =

30 µA)

Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOL = + 16 mA)

Comparators (IOL = +30 µA)

VOH

VOL

7.2

9.0

7.2

9.0

6.3

8.5

—

8.8

—

0.1

—

0.9

0.5

Output Voltage — LED Driver , IOL = 10 mA VOL 7.2 — — 3.0 V

Output Impedance, Active Guard

Pin 14

Pin 16 Lo–Z

Hi–Z 9.0

9.0 —

——

—10

1000 kΩ

Operating Current (Rbias = 8.2 MΩ) IDD 9.0

12.0 —

—5.0

—9.0

12.0 µA

Input Current — Detect (40% R.H.) Iin 9.0 — —

1.0 pA

Input Current, Pin 8 Iin 9.0 — —

0.1 µA

Input Current @ 50°C, Pin 15 Iin — — —

6.0 pA

Internal Set Voltage

Low Battery

Sensitivity Vlow

Vset 9.0

—7.2

47 —

50 7.8

53 V

%VDD

Hysteresis vhys 9.0 75 100 150 mV

Offset Voltage (measured at Vin = VDD/2)

Active Guard

Detect Comparator

VOS 9.0

9.0 —

——

—

100

Input Voltage Range, Pin 8 Vin — VSS

10 — VDD + 10 V

Input Capacitance Cin — — 5.0 — pF

Common Mode Voltage Range, Pin 15 Vcm — 0.6 — VDD

2 V

I/O Current, Pin 2

Input, VIH = VDD

Output, VOH = VDD

2IIH

IOH —

—25

4.0 —

—100

16 µA

# Data labelled “Typ’’ is not to be used for design purposes but is intended as an indication of the IC’s potential performance.

MC145018

3Motorola Sensor Device Data

TIMING PARAMETERS (C = 0.1 µF, Rbias = 8.2 MΩ, VDD = 9.0 V, TA = 25°C, See Figure 6)

Characteristics Symbol Min Max Units

Oscillator Period No Smoke

Smoke tCI 1.46

37.5 1.85

45.8 s

Oscillator Rise T ime tr10.1 12.3 ms

Horn Output On Time

(During Smoke) Off T ime PWon

PWoff 450

450 550

550 ms

LED Output Between

Pulses On T ime tLED

PWon 35.0

10.1 44.5

12.3 s

Horn Output On Time

(During Low Battery) Between

Pulses

ton

toff 10.1

35.0 12.3

44.5 ms

LOW BATTERY

COMPARATOR

Figure 1. Block Diagram

VDD

45 K

LOW V SET 1

DETECT

COMP. OUT

280 K

SENSITIVITY

SET

325 K

STROBE OUT 4

VDD

–

15 DETECT

INPUT

DETECT

COMPARATOR

GUARD

AMP

–

LO–Z

14 16

ALARM

LOGIC

POWER–ON

RESET

OSC

AND

TIMING

I/O2

FEEDBACK

SILVER

BRASS

5LED

VDD = PIN 6

VSS = PIN 9

12 7 VDD

TO OTHER UNITS

HI–Z

VDD

MC145018

4 Motorola Sensor Device Data

012345678910

0.1

1.0

10.0

00.0

TA = 25°C

VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc)

VDD = 7.2 Vdc

VDD = 9.0 Vdc

012345678910

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

I , DRAIN CURRENT (mA)

TA = 25°C

VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc)

P–CH SOURCE CURRENT

VDD = 7.2 Vdc

VDD = 9.0 Vdc

012345678910

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

I , DRAIN CURRENT (mA)

TA = 25°C

VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc)

N–CH SINK CURRENT

VDD = 7.2 Vdc

VDD = 9.0 Vdc

012345678910

0.01

0.1

1.0

0.0

I , DRAIN CURRENT (mA)

TA = 25°C

VDS, DRAIN TO SOURCE VOLTAGE (Vdc)

P–CH SOURCE

AND N–CH

SINK CURRENT

VDD = 9.0 Vdc or 7.2 Vdc

I , DRAIN CURRENT (mA)

Figure 2. Typical LED Output

I–V Characteristic Figure 3. Typical Comparator Output

I–V Characteristic

Figure 4. Typical P Horn Driver Output

I–V Characteristic

MC145018

5Motorola Sensor Device Data

DEVICE OPERATION

TIMING

The internal oscillator of the MC145018 operates with a

period of 1.65 seconds during no–smoke conditions. Each

1.65 seconds, internal power is applied to the entire IC and a

check is made for smoke, except during LED pulse, Low Bat-

tery Alarm Chirp, or Horn Modulation (in smoke). Every 24

clock cycles a check is made for low battery by comparing

VDD to an internal zener voltage. Since very small currents

are used in the oscillator , the oscillator capacitor should be of

a low leakage type.

DETECT CIRCUITRY

If smoke is detected, the oscillator period becomes

41.67 ms and the piezoelectric horn oscillator circuit is

enabled. The horn output is modulated 500 ms on, 500 ms

off. During the off time, smoke is again checked and will

inhibit further horn output if no smoke is sensed. During local

smoke conditions the low battery alarm is inhibited, but the

LED pulses at a 1.0 Hz rate. In remote smoke, the LED is

inhibited as well.

An active guard is provided on both pins adjacent to the

detect input. The voltage at these pins will be within 100 mV

of the input signal. This will keep surface leakage currents to

a minimum and provide a method of measuring the input volt-

age without loading the ionization chamber . The active guard

op amp is not power strobed and thus gives constant protec-

tion from surface leakage currents. Pin 15 (the Detect input)

has internal diode protection against static damage.

INTERCONNECT

The I/O (Pin 2), in combination with VSS, is used to inter-

connect up to 40 remote units for common signaling. A Local

Smoke condition activates a current limited output driver,

thereby signaling Remote Smoke to interconnected units. A

small current sink improves noise immunity during non–

smoke conditions. Remote units at lower voltages do not

draw excessive current from a sending unit at a higher volt-

age. The I/O is disabled for three oscillator cycles after power

up, to eliminate false alarming of remote units when the bat-

tery is changed.

SENSITIVITY/LOW BATTERY THRESHOLDS

Both the sensitivity threshold and the low battery voltage

levels are set internally by a common voltage divider (see

Figure 1) connected between VDD and VSS. These voltages

can be altered by external resistors connected from pins 3 or

13 to either VDD or VSS. There will be a slight interaction here

due to the common voltage divider network. The sensitivity

threshold can also be set by adjusting the smoke chamber

ionization source.

TEST MODE

Since the internal op amps and comparators are power

strobed, adjustments for sensitivity or low battery level could

be difficult and/or time–consuming. By forcing Pin 12 to VSS,

the power strobing is bypassed and the output, Pin 1,

constantly shows smoke/no smoke. Pin 1 = VDD for smoke.

In this mode and during the 10 ms power strobe, chip current

rises to approximately 50 µA.

LED PULSE

The 9–volt battery level is checked every 40 seconds dur-

ing the LED pulse. The battery is loaded via a 10 mA pulse

for 11.6 ms. If the LED is not used, it should be replaced with

an equivalent resistor such that the battery loading remains

at 10 mA.

HYSTERESIS

When smoke is detected, the resistor/divider network that

sets sensitivity is altered to increase sensitivity. This yields

approximately 100 mV of hysteresis and reduces false

triggering.

Figure 5. Typical Application as Ionization Smoke Detector

OTHER

UNITS

MC145018

116

330 Ω

8.2 MΩ

+9 V

0.1 µF

1.5 MΩ*0.001 µF220 kΩ*

0.1 µF

1 M 1 M TEST

*NOTE: Component values may

change depending on type of

piezoelectric horn used.

MC145018

6 Motorola Sensor Device Data

Figure 6. MC145018 Timing Diagram

OSC

PIN 12

SMOKE – N

– Y

LOW BAT – Y

– N

HYST

PIN 13

HORN – ON

– OFF

LED – OFF

– ON

234567 9

NO SMOKE, LOW BATTERY

NO SMK

NO LOW BAT

LOW BATTERY CHIRP

OSC

PIN 12

SMOKE – N

– Y

NO SMK

23 24 1 6 12 18 24

SMOKE

LATCH ALARM CONDITION

(

[

100 mV LEVEL SHIFT)

NFPA MOD

LOW BAT – Y

– N

HORN – ON

– OFF

LED – OFF

– ON

(NOTE 1)

24 CLOCKS 24 CLOCKS

NOTES:

1. Horn modulation is self–completing. When going from smoke to no smoke, the alarm condition will terminate only when horn is off.

2. Comparators are strobed once per cycle (1.65 sec for no smoke, 40 msec for smoke).

3. For timing under remote conditions, refer to MC14468 data sheet.

Figure 7. Horn Modulation

NFPA72: TEMPORAL HORN

MODULATION PATTERN

TRADITIONAL 4/6 HORN

MODULATION PATTERN

0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 0.5 SEC 1.5 SEC

167 msec 83 msec

MC145018

7Motorola Sensor Device Data

PACKAGE DIMENSIONS

CASE 648–08

ISSUE R

NOTES:

1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI

Y14.5M, 1982.

2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN

FORMED PARALLEL.

4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.

5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.

–A–

HGD

16 PL

SEATING

916

PLANE

–T–

0.25 (0.010) T

DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX

MILLIMETERSINCHES

A0.740 0.770 18.80 19.55

B0.250 0.270 6.35 6.85

C0.145 0.175 3.69 4.44

D0.015 0.021 0.39 0.53

F0.040 0.70 1.02 1.77

G0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC

H0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC

J0.008 0.015 0.21 0.38

K0.110 0.130 2.80 3.30

L0.295 0.305 7.50 7.74

M0 10 0 10

S0.020 0.040 0.51 1.01

____

STYLE 1:

PIN 1. CATHODE

2. CATHODE

3. CATHODE

4. CATHODE

5. CATHODE

6. CATHODE

7. CATHODE

8. CATHODE

9. ANODE

10. ANODE

11. ANODE

12. ANODE

13. ANODE

14. ANODE

15. ANODE

16. ANODE

STYLE 2:

PIN 1. COMMON DRAIN

2. COMMON DRAIN

3. COMMON DRAIN

4. COMMON DRAIN

5. COMMON DRAIN

6. COMMON DRAIN

7. COMMON DRAIN

8. COMMON DRAIN

9. GATE

10. SOURCE

11. GATE

12. SOURCE

13. GATE

14. SOURCE

15. GATE

16. SOURCE

MC145018

8 Motorola Sensor Device Data

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MC145018/D

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