PAQ8 PAO8A APEX MICROTFCHNGOL OGY CORPORATION FEATURES WIDE SUPPLY RANGE +15V to +150V PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT Up to +150mA e LOW BIAS CURRENT FET Input APPLICATIONS HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION e ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS & DEFLECTION * PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 290V _ * ANALOG SIMULATORS DESCRIPTION The PA0Q8 is a high voltage operational amplifier designed for output voltage swings of up to +145V with a dual (+) supply or 290V with a single supply. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a zener diode fed by a FET constant current source. As a result, the PAO8 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The output stage is biased-on for linear operation. Internal phase com- pensation assures stability at all gain settings. The safe operating area (SOA) can be observed with ail types of loads by choosing the appropriate current limiting resistors. For operation into inductive loads, two external flyback pulse protection diodes are recommended. A heatsink may be necessary to maintain the proper case temperature under normal operating conditions. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes beryllia (BeO) sub- strate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semicon- ductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires pro- vide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electri- cally isolated. The use of compressible thermal isolation washers and/or improper mounting torque will void the prod- uct warranty. Please see General Operating Considerations. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC Qi Q2 Q8 ag + APPLICALIIONS HOTLINE 800 546-APEX (800-546-2/39) TYPICAL APPLICATION -132V x Vs sav! ATE PIN DRIVER The PAO8 as a pin driver is capable of supplying high test voltages to a device under test (DUT). Due to the possibility of short circuits to any terminal of the DUT, current limit must be set to be safe when limiting with a supply to output voltage differential equal to the amplifier supply plus the largest magnitude voltage applied to any other pin of the DUT. In addition, flyback diodes are recommended when the output of the amplifier exits any equipment enclosure to prevent dam- age due to electrostatic discharges. Refer to Application Note 7 for details on accuracy considerations of this circuit. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS Cie Re- AL Rg= (|+vsl +[-vsl) AL 1.6 NOTE: Input offset voltage trim optional.Ry = 10K MAX APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX 1520) 888-3329 = ORDERS (520) 690-8601 * EMAIL ProdLit@TeamApex com C75ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PAO8 PAO8A SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V to -Vs 300V OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA 200mA POWER DISSIPATION, internal at T, = 25C 17.5W INPUT VOLTAGE, differential +50V INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode +tV, TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max 300C TEMPERATURE, junction! 200C TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage -65 to +150C OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case -55 to +125C SPECIFICATIONS PAos PAO8A PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS? MIN TYP MAX | MIN TYP MAX | UNITS INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial Te = 25C 4.5 +2 +.25 5 mV OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature T. = -25C to +85C 15 +30 +5 +10 | pyre OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply = 25C 5 . 2 pViV OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time T, = 25C +75 . nV/vkh BIAS CURRENT, initial? Ts = 25C 5 50 3 10 pA BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply Te = 25C 01 . pA/V OFFSET CURRENT, initial? T, = 25C +2.5 +50 +15 +10 pA INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC To = 25C 10 . MQ INPUT CAPACITANCE T, = 25C 4 . pF COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE* | T, = -25C to +85C +V,-10 . Vv COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC Ty = ~25C to +85C, Vow = 90V 130 * dB GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz T. = 25C, R, = 118 * dB OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz T. = 25C, R, = 1.2KQ 96 114 . * dB GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHa T, = 25C, R, = 1.2KQ 5 . MHz POWER BANDWIDTH Te = 25C, R, = 1.2KQ 90 * kHz PHASE MARGIN Te = -25 to +85C 60 * . OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING To = 28C, lp = 150MA tV5-15 | +V5-8 . . v VOLTAGE SWING* To =-25 C to +85C, lp =+75MA | +V_-10] +V5-5 . . v VOLTAGE SWING T, =-25 C to +85C, |p = +20mMA | +V,-5 | +V5-3 . . v CURRENT, peak T, = 85C 150 . mA SLEW RATE Ty = 25C 30 20 * Vins CAPACITIVE LOAD. Ay = 1 T, =-25 to +85C 10 . nF CAPACITIVE LOAD. Ay > 4 T. = -25 to +85C SOA . SETTLING TIME to .1% Ty = 25C, R= 1.2KQ, 2V step 1 . Ls POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE Ty = 55 to +125C +15 +100 | +150 . . " v CURRENT, quiescent Te = 25C 6 8.5 * . mA THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC junction to case T, =-55 to +125C, F > 60Hz 3.8 * CW RESISTANCE, DC junction to case T, = -55 to +125C, F < 60Hz 6.0 6.5 * . CW RESISTANCE, junction to air T, = 55 to +125C 30 . CW TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specification -25 85 . . C NOTES: * The specification of PAO8A is identical to the specification for PAO8 in applicable column to the left. 1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. arbor The power supply voltage specified under typical (TYP) applies unless otherwise noted. Doubles for every 10C of temperature increase. +V, and -V, denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Rating applies only if output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD * TUCSON. ARIZONA 85741 * USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: | (800) 546-2739 C76ones PERFORMANCE PAO8 e PAO8A = POWER DERATING CURRENT LiMiT OPEN LOOP GAIN = 30 250 a 6 x | 8 : _ A, =1.2K 5 25 = 00 <4 L=1.2KO E z a 2 20 LC ~~ Rg =4.72 6 2 8 = 150 5 = 5 Ph oO a 18 z a S 0 wi z ~~ 2 Z g' e 10 bJ =102 - Fi = CoS g z 5 O 50 | 2-4 x % Fo 0 a) Z 0 2 650 75 100 126 150 55 25 0 25 60 75 100 125 r"3050 100 150 200 250 300 TEMPERATURE, T(C) CASE TEMPERATURE, Te (C) TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE. Vs (V) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 0 PHASE RESPONSE POWER RESPONSE 120 300 = R,=1.2KQ A, =1.2Ka ~ l+Vg 1+ IV; 1 = 300V S00 ~30 of 200 80 60 ; cS ; 100 2 60 S -90 o ] < 6 ui = a 40 < ~120 3 8 x > 3 a E l4Vg 1 + 1-Vg} = 1 150 5 s $ a & 30 5 0 180 5 -20 -210 15 1 A : 50K 1M 2M .3M M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) FREQUENCY. F (Hz) FREQUENCY, F (Hz) PULSE RESPONSE SLEW RATE _ INPUT NOISE 1.6 B 20 A, =1.2KQ Ss = 4 wi4 Lo z oO >. f > 40 wig 1.2 ui = oO < ly e ol < ao B10 m6 > a Q Fr .9 W 8 > a 2 . a 4 5 z 2 6-4 & 6 ha Vy = #5V,t, = 100ns 2 5 6 we 4 g 2 0 5 1 15 20 25 30 100 150 250 300 = 1 i 1M TIME, t (ys) TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, Vs (V) FREQUENCY, F (Hz) a COMMON MODE REJECTION a POWER SUPPLY REJECTION _~ COMMON MODE VOLTAGE 5 140 3140 2 300 7 + ; r x = l4Vg | + Vg = 300V n 3 120 a 120 3B 200 | z Zz ui 6100 O 100 ui = < 100 z 80 a a0 5 \ w 5 Oo Ww Wd > 60! 60 = 60 w N\ 3 R40 8 \ = 5 = al teVgl + Vs! = 100V Ys, = 2 Z 30 6 20 x 20 g = ui 5 2 0 2 0 6 15 8 M 0K 20K 50K 1M .2M 5M iM FREQUENCY. F (Hz) FREQUENCY, F (Hz) FREQUENCY, F (Hz) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 FAX (520) 888-3329 ORDERS (520) 690-8601 EMAIL ProdLit@TeamaApex.com C77PAO8 PAO8A OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS GENERAL Please read the General Operating Considerations, which covers Stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For informa- tion on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, see the Package Outlines and Accessories sections of the handbook. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The output stage of most power amplifiers has two distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceeds specified limits. 200 150 = SQ o OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V,, OR -V, (mA) 20 80 100 420 150170 200 250 = 300 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V) The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive laads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However, the following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts. 1. Under transient conditions, the following capacitive and inductive loads are safe with the current limits set to the maximum: iV, C(MAX) L(MAX) 150V -4uF 280mH 125V -OuF 380mH 100V 2uF 500mH 75V 10pF 1200mH 50V 100uF 13H fo The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load and short circuits to the supply rails or simple shorts to common if the current limits are set as follows: SHORT TO +V 6c. SHORT TO V5 C, L, OR EMF LOAD COMMON 150V 20mA 67mA 125V 27mA g0mA 100V 42amA 130mA 75V 67mA 200mA 50V 430mA 200mA These simplified limits may be exceeded with further analysis using the operating conditions for a specific application. 3. The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. INDUCTIVE LOADS Two external diodes as shown in Figure 1, are required to protect these amplifiers from flyback (kickback) pulses exceeding the supply voltages of the amplifier when driving inductive loads. For component selection, these external diodes must be very quick, such as ultra fast recovery diodes with no more than 200 nanoseconds of reverse recovery time. The diode will turn on to divert the flyback energy into the supply rails thus protecting the output transistors from destruction due to reverse bias. Anote of caution about the supply. The energy of the flyback pulse must be absorbed by the power supply. As a result, a transient will be superimposed on the supply voltage, the magnitude of the transient being a function of its transient impedance and current sinking capability. If the supply voltage plus transient exceeds the maximum supply rating or if the AC impedance of the supply is unknown, it is best to clamp the output and the supply with a zener diode to absorb the transient. INPUT PROTECTION The input is protected against common mode voltages up to the supply rails and differential voltages up to 50V. Increased protection against differential input voltages can be obtained by adding 2 resistors, 2 capacitors and 4 diode connected FETs as shown in Figure 2. Fig.1 sv, Fig. 2 fl 150KQ +IN - & IN4936 OR UES1106 at Q3 Pn. . a4 a2 -IN + 150KQ 100pt/200V PROTECTION, INDUCTIVE LOAD PROTECTION, OVERVOLTAGE CURRENT LIMITING Proper operation requires the use of two current limit resis- tors, connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value for R,, is 3.24Q. However, for optimum reliability it should be set as high as possible. Refer to the General Operating Considerations section of the handbook for current limit adjust details. PAORL REV [ MAY 1996 1996 Apex Microtechnology Corp. C78APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION PAO8V FEATURES EXTENDED SUPPLY RANGE UP TO +175V or 350V TOTAL PROVIDES PAO8 PERFORMANCE UP TO +150mA PROGRAMMABLE CURRENT LIMIT LOW DRIFT FET INPUT APPLICATIONS * PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 340V ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS & DEFLECTION PIEZO ELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION DESCRIPTION The PAO8V is an extended supply range operational amplifier capable of output voltage swings of +170V with dua! supplies or 340V total supply voltage on single or non- symmetric supplies. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a zener diode fed by a FET constant current source. As a result, the PAQ8 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The output stage is biased class A-B for linear operation. Internal phase compensation assures stabil- ity at all gain settings. The safe operating area (SOA) can be observed with all types of loads by choosing the appropriate current limiting resistors. For operation into inductive loads, two external flyback pulse protection diodes are recom- mended. A heatsink may be necessary to maintain the proper case temperature under normal operating conditions. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes a beryllia (BeO) substrate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors, and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin to TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electri- cally isolated. The use of compressible thermal isolation washers and/or improper mounting torque will void the product warranty. Please see General Operating Considerations". SPECIFICATIONS Specifications of the standard PAO8 apply with the ben- efit of supply ratings being extended to +175V. Design changes enabling the total supply rating of 350V have no effect on the shape of the typical performance graphs. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS SAFE OPERATING AREA The extended safe operating area is as follows: When operating on +175V, maximum safe values of ca- Pacitive and inductive loading are .2uF and 200mH. Maxi- mum safe current limit for a short to common is 50mA, and for a short to supply rails, the maximum is 15mA. * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE 800 546 APEX (800-546-2749) Please consult the PAO data sheet for basic information on this amplifier, plus the application notes in this APEX DATA BOOK, for recommendations on stability, current limiting, heatsinks, bypassing. and suggestions for circuit functions. SAFE OPERATING AREA CURVE (SOA) = nn Oo = So 88 50 4 Sy 0 "eg s 30 Be 20 15 90 100 125 150 175 200 250 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V} 300 350 OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V, OR Vg (mA) EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC @ . $ | or ct Q1 Q2 Q3 | a4 ast 5 cs q a6 Cf 4 2 a8 ao C2 7, : lcs ato ait Q19 @ Qi2A Q12B < Q17 a15 . ote Bove PAOSVLU REA.F MAY fyv6 1996 Apes Microtechnology Corp c79PAO8M APL X MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION APPLICATIONS HOTEINE 800 54% APEX (800-546-2739) SG PARAMETER SYMBOL | TEMP. |POWER | TEST CONDITIONS MIN MAX | UNITS 1 Quiescent Current lg 25C | +100V | V,=0,A, = 100 8.5 mA 1. Input Offset Voltage Vos 25C | +100V | V,,=0,A, = 100 2 mv 1 Input Offset Voltage Vos 25C +15V Vn =0, A, = 100 3.7 mv 1 Input Offset Voltage Vos 25C | +150V | Vy =0,A, = 100 3 mV 1 Input Bias Current, +IN +, 25C | +100V | Vy=0 50 pA 1 Input Bias Current, -IN ls 25C | t100V | Vy =0 50 pA 1 Input Offset Current los 25C | +100V | Vy=0 50 pA 3 Quiescent Current Io -55C | +100V | V,=0,A,=100 9.5 mA 3 Input Offset Voltage Vos ~55C | t100V | V,,=0, A, = 100 44 mV 3 Input Offset Voltage Vos -55C | +15V Vin =O, A, = 100 6.1 mV 3 Input Offset Voltage Vos -55C | +150V =O, Ay = 100 5.4 mV 3. Input Bias Current. +IN tly -55C | +100V | Vy=0 50 pA 3. Input BiasCurrent, -IN ls -55C | +100V | Vy=0 50 pA 3 Input Offset Current los -58C | +100V | V,=0 50 pA 2 Quiescent Current ly 125C | +100V | Vy =0, A, = 100 11 mA 2 Input Offset Voltage Vos 125C | +100V | V,=0,A,= 100 5 mV 2 Input Offset Voltage Vos 125C | +15V Viy =O, Ay = 100 6.7 mv 2 Input Offset Voltage Vos 126C | +150V | Vy =0, A, = 100 6 mv 2 Input Bias Current, +IN tly 125C | +100V | V,=0 10 nA 2 Input Bias Current, -IN ls 125C | +100V | Vj =0 10 nA 2 Input Offset Current los 125C | +100V n=O 10 nA 4 Output Voltage, Ip = 150mA Vo 25C +31V R, = 1002 15 v 4 Output Voltage, |, = 29mMA Vo 25C | 150V | R.=5K 145 v 4 Output Voltage, Ip = BOMA Vo 26C | +90V | R,=1K 80 Vv 4 Current Limits ler 25C +30V R, = 1002 75 125 mA 4 Stability/Noise Ey 25C | +100V | R,=5K, A, =1, C, = 10nF 1 mV 4 Siew Rate SR 25C | +100V | R, =5K 20 100 Vius 4 Open Loop Gain Aou 25C | +100V | R,=5K, F = 10Hz 96 dB 4 Common Mode Rejection CMR 25C | +32.5V | R,= 5K, F=DC, Vo, =+22.5V 90 dB 6 Output Voltage, Ip = 100mA Vo -55C | +431V | R, =100Q 10 Vv 6 Output Voltage, Ip = 29mMA Vo -55C | +150V | R, = 5K 145 v 6 Output Voltage, |,= 70mMA Vo -55C | +90V | R,=1K 70 v 6 Stability/Noise Ey -55C | +100V | R, = 5K, Ay=1, C, = 10nF 1 mV 6 Slew Rate SR -55C | +100V | R, = 5K 20 100 Vins 6 Open Loop Gain Ao. 55C | +100V | R,=5K,F= 10Hz 96 dB 6 Common Mode Rejection CMR -55C | +32.5V | RA, =5K, F=DC. Voy = +22.5V 90 dB Output Voltage, Ip = 150mA Vo 126C | +31V R, = 100Q 15 v 5 Output Voltage, Ip = 29MA Vo 125C | +150V | R, =5K 145 v 5 Output Voltage, |p = 80mMA Vo 125C | +90V | R_=1K 80 Vv 5 Stabitity/Noise Ey 125C | +100V | R_=5K, Ay=1.C, = 10nF 1 mV 5 Slew Rate SR 125C | +100V | R,=5K 20 100 Vins 5 Open Loop Gain Ao 125C | +100V | R_=5K, F = 10Hz 96 dB 5 Common Mode Rejection CMR 125C | +32.5V | R_=5K, F=DC, Vy, = +22.5V 90 dB * These components are used to stabilize device due to poor high frequency characteristics of burn in board. BURN IN CIRCUIT ** Input signals are calculated to result in internal power dissipation of approximately 2.1W at case temperature = 125C. + PADKMU REV H MAY 1996 1996 Apex Microtechnology Corp cso